Efficacy and safety of applying oxidized regenerated cellulose sheets to the parietal pleura of open chest wounds in thoracic surgery: a prospective randomized controlled trial protocol.

Background: According to a large-scale clinical trial in Japan, segmentectomy for small peripheral non-small cell lung cancer has an advantage over lobectomy in terms of overall survival, while it could also increase the incidence of local recurrence. In ipsilateral reoperations, intrathoracic adhesions from a previous surgery increase the risk of lung injury and bleeding, which may result in intraoperative and postoperative complications. The ability of oxidized regenerated cellulose (ORC) sheets to prevent postoperative adhesions has been demonstrated in the abdomen, and the same effect is expected in the thoracic region.

Loco-regional relapse pattern and timing after segmentectomy in patients with c-IA non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Segmentectomy has been recognized as the standard procedure for small peripheral lung cancer; however, it has been shown that loco-regional relapse is more common with segmentectomy than with lobectomy. This study aims to investigate the long-term outcomes and loco-regional relapse patterns in patients with clinical stage IA (c-IA) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after segmentectomy and compare them with those after lobectomy.

Methods: We retrospectively compared the long-term outcomes of 115 patients who underwent segmentectomy for c-IA NSCLC with those of 292 patients who underwent lobectomy between January 2008 and December 2015.

Feasibility of computed tomography-derived surgical margin assessment in an ex vivo sublobar lung resection model.

Objectives: Computed tomography imaging of a sublobar resection specimen may inform intraoperative surgical margin assessment. However, consistency with final pathological margins has not been previously evaluated. In this study, we investigated the concordance between surgical margin measurements by computed tomography versus pathology measurements using an ex vivo sublobar lung resection model.

Assessment of effectiveness and safety of thrombolytic therapy to pulmonary emboli by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle injection.

Objective: Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle injection (EBUS-TBNI) may effectively treat acute pulmonary embolisms (PEs). Here, we assessed the effectiveness of clot dissolution and safety of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) injection using EBUS-TBNI in a 1-week survival study of a porcine PE model.

Methods: Six pigs with bilateral PEs were used: 3 for t-PA injection using EBUS-TBNI (TBNI group) and 3 for systemic administration of t-PA (systemic group).

Can modified frailty index predict postoperative complication after lung cancer surgery?

Purpose: The impact of the modified frailty index (mFI) on postoperative complications after lung cancer surgery was investigated.

Methods: Patients who underwent lung cancer surgery in 2017 were included. 30-day postoperative mortality and morbidity were evaluated according to their Clavien-Dindo classification.

Successful excision of a giant cervical mediastinal goiter by cervical collar incision and a thoracoscopic approach: a case report.

Background: Giant cervicomediastinal goiter extending to the bifurcation of the trachea mostly requires median sternotomy in addition to a cervical collar incision for resection. Sternotomy provides a good operative field, although it is one of the most invasive thoracic approaches. We herein report a case of giant cervicomediastinal goiter resected by a less-invasive and highly effective method with a thoracoscopic and cervical approach.

Association of frequent hypermethylation with high grade histological subtype in lung adenocarcinoma.

Lung adenocarcinoma is classified morphologically into five histological subtypes according to the WHO classification. While each histological subtype correlates with a distinct prognosis, the molecular basis has not been fully elucidated. Here we conducted DNA methylation analysis of 30 lung adenocarcinoma cases annotated with the predominant histological subtypes and three normal lung cases using the Infinium BeadChip.

Postoperative pain and quality of life after lung cancer surgery: a prospective observational study.

Background: We aimed to identify the factors associated with postoperative pain, quality of life, and development of chronic pain after lung cancer surgery, including pain sensation threshold, fentanyl sensitivity, and surgical procedures.

Methods: We conducted a single-center prospective observational study involving lung cancer patients. Brief pain inventory, including nine items concerning pain and quality of life, was investigated at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively.

Preclinical feasibility of bronchoscopic fluorescence-guided lung sentinel lymph node mapping.

Objective: Lung sentinel lymph node mapping, where peritumorally injected material is tracked through the lymphatics, aims to find the first potential sites of nodal metastasis. We sought to evaluate the preclinical feasibility of bronchoscopic fluorescence-guided sentinel lymph node mapping.

Methods: Healthy Yorkshire pigs were used; sentinel lymph node mapping was performed with indocyanine green.

Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration in patients with previously treated lung cancer.

Purpose: The sampling and accurate diagnosis of lymph nodes during the clinical history of lung cancer are essential for selecting the appropriate treatment strategies. This study aims to evaluate the feasibility of endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA) in patients with previously treated lung cancer.

Methods: Patients who underwent EBUS-TBNA after treatment for lung cancer were retrospectively reviewed.

High expression of CXCL14 is a biomarker of lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary pattern.

Lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary pattern (MPP) has an aggressive malignant behavior. Limited resection should be avoided because of its high recurrence rate. If adenocarcinoma with MPP is diagnosed preoperatively, the selection of proper treatment is possible.

The combination of endobronchial elastography and sonographic findings during endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration for predicting nodal metastasis.

Background: During endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA), the sonographic findings of B-mode imaging, as well as endobronchial elastography, can be obtained noninvasively and used for the prediction of nodal metastasis.

Methods: Patients with lung cancer or suspected lung cancer who underwent EBUS-TBNA were recorded prospectively and reviewed retrospectively. Both the B-mode sonographic and elastographic findings were independently evaluated for each lymph node.

Keys to successful induction chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery for stage III/N2 non-small cell lung cancer.

Surgical intervention after induction chemoradiation is designed as curative treatment for resectable stage III/N2 non-small cell lung cancer. However, there is no definitive evidence to support this approach, possibly because successful treatment requires certain "arts", such as proper patient selection, an appropriate induction regimen, and choice of the best surgical procedure. We review the previous reports and discuss our own experience to explore the appropriate strategy for patients with resectable stage III/N2 disease, and to identify the factors associated with successful surgical intervention.

Intracardiac Tumors With Extracardiac Extension Diagnosed by Endoscopic Ultrasound With Bronchoscope-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration.

Obtaining biopsy specimens for pathologic diagnosis of primary cardiac tumors is challenging because of their anatomic location and the risk of tumor embolization. Due to the difficulty of histologic diagnosis and limited treatment strategies, it is not uncommon for patients to be treated based on radiologic findings alone. However, a firm pathologic diagnosis may permit more appropriate treatment selection, especially for those with primary cardiac lymphoma.