Antibodies to the α3 subunit of the ganglionic-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in patients with autoimmune encephalitis.

Since autonomic dysfunction is closely associated with autoimmune encephalitis (AE), the objective of this study was to determine the autonomic symptoms and the prevalence of anti-α3 subunit of the ganglionic-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (gAChRα3) antibodies in the patients with AE. We reviewed the clinical features of 19 AE patients, and specifically analyzed sera for anti-gAChRα3 antibodies using the luciferase immunoprecipitation system (LIPS) assay. Cardiovascular autonomic symptoms were found to be common in patients with AE, and hypersalivation was seen only in patients with NMDAR encephalitis.

Clinical efficacy of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for adult adrenoleukodystrophy.

Accumulated experience supports the efficacy of allogenic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation in arresting the progression of childhood-onset cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy in early stages. For adulthood-onset cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy, however, there have been only a few reports on haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the clinical efficacy and safety of that for adulthood-onset cerebral form of adrenoleukodystrophy remain to be established. To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of haematopoietic stem cell transplantation, we conducted haematopoietic stem cell transplantation on 12 patients with adolescent-/adult-onset cerebral form/cerebello-brainstem form of adrenoleukodystrophy in a single-institution-based prospective study.

Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy as a Cause of Severe Dysphagia along with the Oropharyngeal Stenosis due to Occipitocervical Kyphosis.

Hypoglossal nerve palsy (HNP) is a potential cause of dysphagia. A 66-year-old man presented to our hospital with dysphagia and neck pain. One year prior to his first visit, he had been diagnosed with upper cervical tuberculosis and had undergone posterior C1-2 fixation.

Warfarin-related nephropathy in a patient with renal pelvic cancer.

An 83-year-old Japanese man had a history of chronic heart failure due to bradycardia-tachycardia syndrome. He was admitted to our hospital because of macrohematuria and acute kidney injury (AKI), which were detected by an urologist at an outpatient visit. He had a history of recurrent macrohematuria and transurethral resection of bladder tumors twice in the preceding 2 years.

Tacrolimus-Induced Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome with Delayed Multi-Segmental Vasoconstriction.

Reversible cerebral vasoconstriction syndrome (RCVS) is a cerebrovascular syndrome characterized by multi-segmental constrictions of the cerebral arteries that resolves spontaneously within 3 months. Although RCVS is considered to be due to transient dysregulation of vascular tone, the exact pathomechanism remains unclear. We describe the case of a 15-year-old girl with RCVS induced by tacrolimus, who developed generalized seizure during the postoperative course of orthotropic heart transplantation.

Risk Factors Associated with Retinal Lesions Resulting from Widespread Systemic Infection.

Purpose: To clarify the prevalence, microbiologic features, and risk factors of endogenous intraocular infections in patients with positive fungal or bacterial blood culture results.

Design: Retrospective case series.

Participants: Inpatients (n = 433) with positive blood culture results who underwent an ophthalmology consultation between January 2006 and September 2012 in Japan.

Ischemic heart disease due to compression of the coronary arteries by malignant lymphoma.

A 76-year-old man presented with a two-month history of angina pectoris. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a serial enlargement of the supraclavicular and mediastinal lymph nodes compressing the heart, pulmonary artery and aorta. CT angiography (CTA) showed stenosis of the coronary arteries as a result of compression by the enlarged lymph nodes.