Effects of high-frequency hyperthermia on the elastic modulus of the lumbar muscle in female athletes with low back pain: A randomized crossover trial.

Objective: To investigate the effects of capacitive and resistive monopolar radiofrequency (CRMF) on the shear elastic modulus of the multifidus and erector spinae muscles in female athletes with low back pain (LBP) and a history of LBP.

Design: Randomized crossover trial.

Setting: Academic institution.

Analysis of Phase-Shift Pulse Brillouin Optical Time-Domain Reflectometry.

Distributed strain and temperature can be measured by using local Brillouin backscatter in optical fibers based on the strain and temperature dependence of the Brillouin frequency shift. The technique of analyzing the local Brillion backscatter in the time domain is called Brillouin optical time domain reflectometry (BOTDR). Although the best spatial resolution of classic BOTDR remains at around 1 m, some recent BOTDR techniques have attained as high as cm-scale spatial resolution.

Preparation of branched cyclomaltoheptaose with 3-O-α-L-fucopyranosyl-α-D-mannopyranose and changes in fucosylation of HCT116 cells treated with the fucose-modified cyclomaltoheptaose.

From a mixture of 4-nitrophenyl α-L-fucopyranoside and D-mannopyranose, 3-O-α-L-fucopyranosyl-D-mannopyranose was synthesised through the transferring action of α-fucosidase (Sumizyme PHY). 6(I),6(IV)-Di-O-(3-O-α-L-fucopyranosyl-α-D-mannopyranosyl)-cyclomaltoheptaose {8, 6(I),6(IV)-di-O-[α-L-Fuc-(1→3)-α-D-Man]-βCD} was chemically synthesised using the trichloroacetimidate method. The structures were confirmed by MS and NMR spectroscopy.