J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
November 2023
Background: High-risk patent foramen ovale (PFO) could be pathological in cryptogenic stroke (CS), but its clinical characteristics have not been fully studied, especially in elderly patients.
Methods: Patients with CS were enrolled in the CHALLENGE ESUS/CS registry, a multicenter registry of CS patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography. Clinical characteristics were compared among three groups: high-risk PFO group, large shunt PFO (≥25 microbubbles) or PFO with atrial septal aneurysm (ASA); right-to-left shunt (RLS) group, RLS including PFO with <25 microbubbles or without ASA; and no-RLS group.
Background: To investigate whether ultra-early recombinant tissue-plasminogen activator (rt-PA) administration can improve patient outcomes on mechanical thrombectomy (MT) in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO).
Methods: Participants comprised rt-PA-eligible 204 patients with internal carotid artery or middle cerebral artery occlusion in the SKIP trial, who were randomly assigned to receive mechanical thrombectomy alone or combined intravenous thrombolysis (rt-PA: alteplase at 0.6 mg/kg) plus mechanical thrombectomy.
Purpose: Some aneurysms remain patent after treatment with flow diverters (FD) due to residual blood flow in the aneurysm. Several studies have proposed that branches and residual flow are associated with delayed aneurysm occlusion. We propose that aneurysm isolation (i.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) is a probable cause of cryptogenic stroke (CS), and its detection and treatment are important for the secondary prevention of stroke. Insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) are clinically effective in screening for AF and are superior to conventional short-term cardiac monitoring. Japanese guidelines for determining clinical indications for ICMs in CS are stricter than those in Western countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Arteriovenous fistulas (AVFs) adjacent to the clivus, such as cavernous sinus dural AVFs (CSDAVFs) and condylar AVFs, sometimes have an intraosseous shunted pouch and recruit blood supply from transosseous feeders. Precise analysis of transosseous feeders regarding the clival lesion has not yet been performed. Therefore, this study aimed to clarify the characteristics and identity of transosseous feeders in clival lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) is effective in acute ischemic stroke patients ≥80 years old with large vessel occlusion (LVO). However, data for patients ≥90 years old remain very limited, and factors influencing functional outcomes are unclear. This study aimed to investigate factors influencing functional outcomes in patients ≥90 years old treated with MT for acute LVO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Various embolic sources and pathogenetic mechanisms underlie cryptogenic stroke (CS). We investigated the association of etiological diversity with short-term outcomes in patients with CS using a modified atherosclerosis (A), small-vessel disease (S), cardiac pathology (C), other causes (O), and dissection (D) (ASCOD) system.
Methods: Patients with CS who underwent transesophageal echocardiography were registered in this multicenter, observational study.
Objective: The initiation of anticoagulant administration after large vessel occlusion (LVO) or stenosis with nonvalvular arterial fibrillation (NAVF) is controversial. We evaluate the timing of anticoagulation and its relationship with clinical factors.
Methods: We enrolled 595 anterior circulation LVO or stenosis with NAVF cases from 38 stroke centers.
Background Cerebrovascular diseases are common comorbidities in patients with cancer. Although active cancer causes ischemic stroke by multiple pathological conditions, including thromboembolism attributable to Trousseau syndrome, the relationship between stroke and inactive cancer is poorly known. The aim of this study was to elucidate the different underlying pathogeneses of cryptogenic stroke in active and inactive patients with cancer, with detailed investigation by transesophageal echocardiography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: To investigate the effect of alteplase, either combined with stent-retriever thrombectomy or a direct aspiration first pass technique (ADAPT), in patients with large-vessel occlusion stroke.
Methods: This was a retrospective post hoc analysis of data from The Direct Mechanical Thrombectomy in Acute LVO Stroke (SKIP) study. Patients were divided into two groups according to the first-line thrombectomy technique: stent-retriever and ADAPT.
Introduction: We evaluated the effect of prior antiplatelet therapy on large vessel occlusion (LVO) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) newly initiated on apixaban.
Methods: Patients with acute LVO with acute stroke due to NVAF or stenosis with NVAF started on apixaban within 14 days of onset were enrolled. We compared incidence of major bleeding, cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic events, cerebral infarction, and all-cause mortality between patients with and without prior antiplatelet therapy for acute LVO.
J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis
August 2021
Objective: Some cardiac abnormalities could be a substrate for potential embolic source in cryptogenic stroke (CS). We evaluated whether cardiac and echocardiographic markers were associated with CS in patients with incidental patent foramen ovale (PFO) as defined using the Risk of Paradoxical Embolism (RoPE) score.
Materials And Methods: Among 677 patients enrolled in a multicenter observational CS registry, 300 patients (44%) had PFOs detected by transesophageal echocardiography.
Dermal fibroblast aging contributes to aging-associated functional defects in the skin since dermal fibroblasts maintain skin homeostasis by interacting with the epidermis and extracellular matrix. Here, we found that puerarin, an isoflavone present in Pueraria lobata (Kudzu), can prevent the development of the aging-phenotype in human dermal fibroblasts. Normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDFs) were subcultivated and high-passage cells were selected as senescent cells, whereas low-passage cells were selected as a young cell control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCase: A patient with a history of chronic atrial fibrillation was diagnosed with sudden onset of right hemiparalysis in the hospital. The patient had been normal two hours prior and was referred to the cerebral vascular center. Images: Head CT images showed early ischemic changes in the left frontal lobe, insula, and temporal lobe(Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score[ASPECTS]: 6 points).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Whether intravenous thrombolysis is needed in combination with mechanical thrombectomy in patients with acute large vessel occlusion stroke is unclear.
Objective: To examine whether mechanical thrombectomy alone is noninferior to combined intravenous thrombolysis plus mechanical thrombectomy for favorable poststroke outcome.
Design, Setting, And Participants: Investigator-initiated, multicenter, randomized, open-label, noninferiority clinical trial in 204 patients with acute ischemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion enrolled at 23 hospital networks in Japan from January 1, 2017, to July 31, 2019, with final follow-up on October 31, 2019.
Background: Infected aortic aneurysm secondary to streptococcal toxic shock syndrome caused by is uncommon and associated with high mortality.
Case Presentation: A 75-year-old man with metastatic lung cancer and an abdominal aortic aneurysm presented with high fever for 3 days. He was diagnosed with septic shock and was admitted to our hospital.
Early administration of direct oral anticoagulants in patients with acute large vessel occlusion (LVO) and nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) is a concern, as endovascular therapy (EVT) became highly utilized. We conducted a historical and prospective multicenter registry at 38 centers in Japan from July 2016 to February 2018. Patients aged ≥ 20 years with NVAF and acute LVO or stenosis who received apixaban within 14 days from onset were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe two-particle momentum correlation function of a K^{-}p pair from high-energy nuclear collisions is evaluated in the K[over ¯]N-πΣ-πΛ coupled-channel framework. The effects of all coupled channels together with the Coulomb potential and the threshold energy difference between K^{-}p and K[over ¯]^{0}n are treated completely for the first time. Realistic potentials based on the chiral SU(3) dynamics are used which fit the available scattering data.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cryptogenic stroke encompasses diverse emboligenic mechanisms and pathogeneses. Cerebral microbleeds (CMBs) occur differently among stroke subtypes. The association of CMBs with cryptogenic stroke is essentially unknown.
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