Wound irrigation and peritoneal lavage with antiseptic/antibiotic solution before wound closure during gastrointestinal surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) can affect mortality, morbidity, and medical costs. Although it has recently been reported that washing with antiseptic/antibiotic solution can prevent SSI in clean surgery, the clinical impact in gastrointestinal surgery is still uncertain. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy of antiseptic/antibiotic solution during wound irrigation or peritoneal lavage in gastroenterological surgery.

Personalized Dosing of Linezolid to Reduce the Risk of Thrombocytopenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Linezolid-induced thrombocytopenia (LIT) occurs in a dose-dependent manner. There is no consensus regarding personalized dosing of linezolid in the real world. This study investigated the usefulness of personalized dosing for the potential mitigation of LIT compared with standard dosing.

Treatment success prediction in patients with methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci infections, using vancomycin AUC24/MIC ratio: a multicentre retrospective cohort study.

Background: Although vancomycin is commonly used to treat methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MRCoNS) infections, there are no clear guidelines for the optimal 24 h AUC24/MIC ratio. This study aimed to determine the target AUC24/MIC ratio associated with vancomycin-treated MRCoNS infection outcomes.

Methods: This multicentre retrospective cohort study included adult patients who received vancomycin for ≥5 days for bloodstream infections caused by MRCoNS between January 2018 and December 2023.

Risk factors for lenvatinib-induced hypertension in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study.

Aims: Lenvatinib mesylate (LEN) is an orally administered tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). LEN therapy for HCC is associated with a high incidence of adverse events, including hypertension (HTN). However, the risk factors associated with LEN therapy remain unclear.

A Pharmacovigilance Study on Psychotropic Agent-Induced Urinary Retention Using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report Database.

Introduction: Psychotropic drugs have been reported to cause urinary retention (UR) via anticholinergic and other mechanisms. However, UR has not received much attention because of its non-fatal symptoms. We investigated the occurrence of UR associated with psychotropic drugs using the Japanese Adverse Drug Event Report (JADER) database.

Risk factors for lenvatinib-induced palmar-plantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma: A retrospective study.

Aim: Lenvatinib mesylate (LEN) is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). HCC treatment with LEN is associated with a very high incidence of adverse events. This study was aimed at investigating the incidence of LEN-induced palmar-planter erythrodysesthesia syndrome (PPES) and its relationship with patient demographics by analyzing clinical laboratory data of LEN-treated patients with HCC.

Optimal Teicoplanin Trough Concentration With Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Teicoplanin is used to treat serious Gram-positive bacterial infections. However, the optimal trough concentrations for pediatric patients remain unclear owing to the lack of monitoring guidelines. This study aimed to determine the optimal teicoplanin trough concentration for treating Gram-positive bacterial infections in children.

Predictive Value of Vancomycin AUC/MIC Ratio for 30-day Mortality in Patients with Severe or Complicated Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Background: Although vancomycin is typically employed against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, the optimal ratio of 24-h area under the concentration-time curve to minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC/MIC) for severe or complicated infections lacks clear guideline recommendations. This study aimed to determine the target AUC/MIC ratio associated with treatment outcomes of infections treated with vancomycin.

Methods: This retrospective multicenter cohort study included adult patients receiving ≥ 5 days of vancomycin for severe/complicated MRSA infections (e.

Model-informed precision dosing of vancomycin for rapid achievement of target area under the concentration-time curve: A simulation study.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate limited sampling strategies for achieving the therapeutic ranges of the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) of vancomycin on the first and second day (AUC , AUC , respectively) of therapy. A virtual population of 1000 individuals was created using a population pharmacokinetic (PopPK) model, which was validated and incorporated into our model-informed precision dosing tool. The results were evaluated using six additional PopPK models selected based on a study design of prospective or retrospective data collection with sufficient concentrations.

Optimal timing for therapeutic drug monitoring of voriconazole to prevent adverse effects in Japanese patients.

Background: The optimal timing for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) of voriconazole in Asians, who have higher rates of poor metabolisers than non-Asians, is unclear. This can cause unexpectedly high concentrations and delays in reaching steady-state levels.

Objectives: To determine the appropriate timing of TDM in Japanese patients receiving voriconazole.

Vancomycin Hydrochloride as a Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury: A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) caused by vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) was reported to be 5-43%. VCM-induced AKI was reported to be more likely to occur 4-17 days after initiating VCM treatment; however, it may occur earlier. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate risk factors for the development of AKI within two (AKI2days) and seven (AKI7days) days of VCM administration.

Model-informed precision dosing of teicoplanin for the rapid achievement of the target area under the concentration-time curve: A simulation study.

Teicoplanin, a glycopeptide antimicrobial, is recommended for therapeutic drug monitoring, but it remains unclear how to target the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC). This simulation study purposed to demonstrate the potential of the Bayesian forecasting approach for the rapid achievement of the target AUC for teicoplanin. We generated concordant and discordant virtual populations against a Japanese population pharmacokinetic model.

Clinical Practice Guideline for the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Voriconazole in Non-Asian and Asian Adult Patients: Consensus Review by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Purpose: Voriconazole, an antifungal drug, is metabolized by a cytochrome P450 isozyme. Increased adverse effects are observed in Asians because of the high rate of poor metabolizers. In this therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) guideline, recommendations were made according to ethnic group.

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin in the Framework of Model-Informed Precision Dosing: A Consensus Review by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Background: To promote model-informed precision dosing (MIPD) for vancomycin (VCM), we developed statements for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Methods: Ten clinical questions were selected. The committee conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis as well as clinical studies to establish recommendations for area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing.

Evaluation of risk factors for uric acid elevation in COVID-19 patients treated with favipiravir.

The objective of this retrospective study was to identify the clinical risk factor associated with uric acid elevation in coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients treated with favipiravir. Uric acid elevation was defined as an unexplained increase of ≥1.5 times in the patient's uric acid level from baseline.

Clinical practice guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring of teicoplanin: a consensus review by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy and the Japanese Society of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

Background: Owing to its low risk of adverse effects, teicoplanin has been extensively used in patients with infections caused by MRSA. To promote the better management of patients receiving teicoplanin, we have updated the guidelines for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

Methods: The guidelines were developed by a committee following the methodology handbook published by the Japanese Medical Information Distribution Service.

Candidates for area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing and risk reduction based on analyses of risk factors associated with nephrotoxicity in vancomycin-treated patients.

Objectives: Compared with vancomycin trough concentration (C)-guided dosing, area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)-guided dosing is associated with decreased acute kidney injury (AKI). However, whether C-guided or AUC-guided dosing should be used in patients other than those with serious MRSA infections remains uncertain. The purposes of this multicentre study were to identify risk factors for early- and late-phase vancomycin-induced AKI and to identify candidates for AUC-guided dosing, rather than C-guided dosing, who require a more accurate dose titration to reduce the AKI risk.

Favorable Effects of Voriconazole Trough Concentrations Exceeding 1 μg/mL on Treatment Success and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the optimal trough concentration of voriconazole for adult patients with invasive fungal infections. We used stepwise cutoffs of 0.5-2.

Comparison of thoracic and abdominal deep inspiration breath holds in whole-breast irradiation for patients with left-sided breast cancer.

Background: The deep inspiration breath hold (DIBH) technique is effective for heart dose reduction in patients with left-sided breast cancer. In deep breathing, some women breathe in thoracic respiration; and others, in abdominal respiration. This study evaluated differences in dose reduction in organs at risk (OAR) and reproducibilities of the target and OAR between thoracic DIBH (T-DIBH) and abdominal DIBH (A-DIBH).

Optimal trough concentration of teicoplanin for the treatment of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

What Is Known And Objective: It has been recommended that the trough concentration (C ) of teicoplanin should be maintained at ≥20 μg/ml for difficult-to-treat complicated infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Conversely, C of teicoplanin of at least 10 μg/ml is required for non-complicated MRSA infections. Considering the low incidence of nephrotoxicity for teicoplanin, C  = 15-30 μg/ml has been suggested for most MRSA infections.

Optimal trough concentration of voriconazole with therapeutic drug monitoring in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis was designed to determine the optimal trough concentration of voriconazole for children with invasive fungal infections (IFIs).

Methods: We searched electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, ClinicalTrials.gov and Japana Centra Revuo Medicina) for clinical studies describing the voriconazole trough concentration.

IgG4-related disease of the paratestis with the scrotal fluid: A case report.

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) can affect various organs, and the pancreas and salivary gland are representative examples. We report a rare case of IgG4-RD of the paratestis. A 74-year-old man presented with left scrotal swelling.

A new carbapenem drug dosage metric for carbapenem usage and correlation with carbapenem resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

The emergence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide problem. Inappropriate antimicrobial use contributes to this resistance, and several metrics of drug usage have been used to monitor their consumption and rational use. We examined several existing drug metrics, and developed a new one, dose/duration-density (D/d), for a the best correlation between carbapenem usage and carbapenem resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.