Moderate morning rise in blood pressure has lowest risk of stroke but only in women.

Background: The morning period which is recognized as the highest risk for cardiovascular events is associated with a surge in blood pressure (BP). However, it is unclear what aspect of this rise is important.

Aim: To determine whether the rate of rise (RoR), the magnitude (day night difference) or the product [BP power (BPPower)] is associated with increased cardiovascular risk.