Anti-tumor effect of proteasome inhibitor on canine urothelial carcinoma.

Canine urothelial carcinoma (cUC) is one of the most malignant tumors affecting dogs; however, its proliferative mechanism is yet to be fully elucidated. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is an important metabolic pathway regulating protein degradation, and its dysfunction leads to apoptosis. We investigated the antitumor effect of the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib, which blocks the UPS.

Podoplanin promotes cell proliferation, survival, and migration of canine non-tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma.

Podoplanin (PDPN) is a prognostic factor and is involved in several mechanisms of tumor progression in human squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Canine non-tonsillar SCC (NTSCC) is a common oral tumor in dogs and has a highly invasive characteristic. In this study, we investigated the function of PDPN in canine NTSCC.

Podoplanin Drives Amoeboid Invasion in Canine and Human Mucosal Melanoma.

Unlabelled: Mucosal melanoma metastasizes at an early stage of the disease in human and dog. We revealed that overexpression of podoplanin in tumor invasion fronts (IF) was related to poor prognosis of dogs with mucosal melanoma. Moreover, podoplanin expressed in canine mucosal melanoma cells promotes proliferation and aggressive amoeboid invasion by activating Rho-associated kinase (ROCK)-myosin light chain 2 (MLC2) signaling.

Characteristics of Cerebral White Matter Lesions on MRI in Juvenile Patients with Migraine.

Objective: Cerebral white matter lesions (WMLs) have been frequently observed on MRI in patients with migraine. We investigated characteristics of WMLs in migraine and tried to determine the relationship between its causal mechanism and arteriosclerosis.

Methods: A head MRI was performed in juvenile migraine patients.

The Suppressive Effect of Quercetin on Toll-Like Receptor 7-Mediated Activation in Alveolar Macrophages.

Respiratory viral infections that cause chronic airway and lung disease can result in the activation of the innate immune response. Alveolar macrophages (AMs), one of the first lines of defense in the lung, are abundantly located in alveoli and the respiratory tract. Flavonoids found in fruits and vegetables exhibit cytoprotective effects on various cell types.

[Hemichorea improved by carotid artery stenting in a 73-year-old man with hypoperfusion of the basal ganglia].

A 73-year-old man presented with continuous hemichoreic movement of right arm and leg and with dyskinesia in his tongue. Magnetic resonance image (MRI) showed no ischemic lesion within the basal ganglia, but magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and carotid duplex ultrasonography showed the left internal carotid occlusion and 80% stenosis in the right common carotid artery. Tc-99m-ECD-SPECT showed hypoperfusion of the frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, basal ganglia and thalamus.