Wernicke-Korsakoff Syndrome in a Young Adult on Dialysis Who Showed Bilateral Ganglia Lesions.

A 30-year-old man admitted with renal dysfunction (serum creatinine, 8.19 mg/dL) was diagnosed with immunoglobulin A nephritis through a renal biopsy. He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone pulse therapy and urgent hemodialysis, and eventually, he underwent maintenance hemodialysis.

Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Differentiating Acute Ischemic Stroke from Epileptic Disorders.

Background: Differential diagnosis between acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and epilepsy-related stroke mimics is sometimes difficult in the emergency department. We investigated whether a combination of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and arterial spin labeling imaging (ASL) is useful in distinguishing AIS from epileptic disorders.

Methods: The study included suspected AIS patients who underwent emergency MRI including both DWI and ASL, and who exhibited DWI high-intensity lesions corresponding to neurological symptoms.

Signal changes on magnetic resonance perfusion images with arterial spin labeling after carotid endarterectomy.

Background: Cerebral hyperperfusion after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is defined as an increase in ipsilateral cerebral blood flow (CBF). Practically, however, prompt and precise assessment of cerebral hyperperfusion is difficult because of limitations in the methodology of CBF measurement during the perioperative period. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a completely noninvasive and repeatable magnetic resonance perfusion imaging technique that uses magnetically-labelled blood water as an endogenous tracer.

The initial use of arterial spin labeling perfusion and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance images in the diagnosis of nonconvulsive partial status epileptics.

Background: In the diagnosis of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE), capture of ongoing ictal electroencephalographic (EEG) findings is the gold standard; however, this is practically difficult without continuous EEG monitoring facilities. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and perfusion MRI with arterial spin labeling (ASL), have been applied mainly in emergency situations. Recent reports have described that ictal MRI findings, including ictal hyperperfusion on ASL and cortical hyperintensity of cytotoxic edema on DWI, can be obtained from epileptically activated cortex.

Arterial Spin-Labeling Magnetic Resonance Perfusion Imaging with Dual Postlabeling Delay in Internal Carotid Artery Steno-occlusion: Validation with Digital Subtraction Angiography.

Background: Arterial spin-labeling magnetic resonance perfusion imaging (ASL-MRI) allows noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF) but depends on the arterial transit time (ATT). With the commonly used single postlabeling delay (PLD) of 1.5 seconds, slow flow through collateral vessels may be underestimated.

[Infection Control Effect of Dietary Fluid with Whey Peptide in the Management of Patients with Severe Intracranial Hemorrhage During the Acute Stage].

Unlabelled: Abstract

Background And Purpose: Patients with severe intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) often develop infectious complications during the acute stage. Animal experiments have demonstrated that enteral immunonutrition with a dietary fluid containing whey peptide (WP) enhances immunoactivity and prevents infection. The aim of the current study was to investigate the infection control effect of WP in the clinical management of patients with severe ICH.

Ulcerative Colitis Presented as Fever and Bloody Diarrhea at Initiation of Dialysis in an Elderly Patient with End-Stage Kidney Disease.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder that mainly affects the colon and rectum. Immunological derangements are associated with the pathogenesis of UC. Many patients with UC also have chronic kidney disease, associated with immunological disorders and/or pharmacotherapy for UC.

Epileptic Ictal Hyperperfusion on Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion and Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images in Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome.

Background: The hemodynamic state of the posterior dominant vasogenic edema in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is controversial. The aim of this retrospective study was to examine the contribution of epileptic ictal hyperperfusion in patients with PRES using combined magnetic resonance perfusion imaging with arterial spin labeling (ASL) and diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: A detailed review of chronological MRI findings in 2 patients, including diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and ASL, with special reference to clinical and electroencephalographic findings, was performed.

Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion Magnetic Resonance Image with Dual Postlabeling Delay: A Correlative Study with Acetazolamide Loading (123)I-Iodoamphetamine Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography.

Background: Perfusion magnetic resonance image with arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides a completely noninvasive measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF). However, arterial transient times can have a marked effect on the ASL signal. For example, a single postlabeling delay (PLD) of 1.

Nonconvulsive partial status epilepticus mimicking recurrent infarction revealed by diffusion-weighted and arterial spin labeling perfusion magnetic resonance images.

"Non-convulsive" partial status epilepticus (SE) is an important pathologic condition that should be differentiated from cerebral infarction. Herein, we reported 2 patients who had partial SE associated with old infarction in the right parietal lobe. Each patient had 2 episodes of left hemiparesis and hemisensory disturbance without convulsion.

[Case of intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) with central nervous system symptoms diagnosed by renal biopsy].

A 60-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of fever, headache and vertigo. Neurological examination on admission showed mild ataxic gait. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed linear high intensity in the left parietal lobe on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and laboratory data revealed elevated serum lactate dehydrogenase and soluble interleukin-2 receptor.

[Case of CNS-limited ANCA-associated vasculitis presenting as recurrent ischemic stroke].

A 73-year-old man was admitted to our hospital because of a decrease in spontaneity. His medical history included two stroke episodes, probably related to hypertension. Brain MRI on admission demonstrated acute infarction in the right caudate nucleus and left putamen.

Magnetic resonance imaging in breath-hold divers with cerebral decompression sickness.

The mechanism of cerebral decompression sickness (DCS) is still unclear. We report 2 cases of breath-hold divers with cerebral DCS in whom magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated distinctive characteristics. One case presented right hemiparesthesia, diplopia, and gait disturbance after breath-hold diving into the sea at a depth of 20 m.

[Progression of right internal carotid artery stenosis in ischemic stroke patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome: A case report].

A 40-year-old man who presented with left hemiparesis was admitted to our hospital. He had tachycardia and a fever. He had a 25-year history of insulin therapy for diabetes mellitus.

[Neurological decompression illness in a Japanese breath-held diver: a case report].

We report a Japanese breath-hold diver (Ama) who presented neurological disorders after diving. He repeated diving into 25-30 meters depth in the sea for 6 hours. After diving, he felt dizziness and unsteady gait.

Outcomes associated with carotid pseudo-occlusion.

Purpose: We tested the hypothesis that patients with carotid pseudo-occlusion (PO) have a different prognosis from those with carotid artery stenosis (CS) without PO.

Materials And Methods: 500 patients were examined for CS by cerebral angiography; those with severe CS ≥ 70% (CS group) or with PO (PO group) were enrolled in this study. The primary endpoint was defined as the combined endpoint of the occurrence of stroke, myocardial infarction, or death.