Diurnal variability in soil nitrous oxide emissions is a widespread phenomenon.

Manual measurements of nitrous oxide (N O) emissions with static chambers are commonly practised. However, they generally do not consider the diurnal variability of N O flux, and little is known about the patterns and drivers of such variability. We systematically reviewed and analysed 286 diurnal data sets of N O fluxes from published literature to (i) assess the prevalence and timing (day or night peaking) of diurnal N O flux patterns in agricultural and forest soils, (ii) examine the relationship between N O flux and soil temperature with different diurnal patterns, (iii) identify whether non-diurnal factors (i.