The oxidative potential of fine ambient particulate matter in Xinxiang, North China: Pollution characteristics, source identification and regional transport.

Atmospheric fine particulate matter (PM) can trigger the production of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS), which can trigger or exacerbate oxidative stress and pulmonary inflammation. We collected 111 daily (∼24 h) ambient PM samples within an urban region of North China during four seasons of 2019-2020. PM samples were examined for carbonaceous components, water-soluble ions, and elements, together with their oxidative potential (represent ROS-producing ability) by DTT assay.

A Current Understanding of FXR in NAFLD: The multifaceted regulatory role of FXR and novel lead discovery for drug development.

The global prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has reached 30 %, with an annual increase. The incidence of NAFLD-induced cirrhosis is rapidly rising and has become the leading indicator for liver transplantation in the US. However, there are currently no US Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs for NAFLD.

Global patterns of human exposure to flame retardants indoors.

To fill the knowledge gaps regarding the global patterns of human exposure to flame retardants (FRs) (i.e., brominated flame retardants (BFRs) and organophosphorus flame retardants (OPFRs)), data on the levels and distributions of FRs in external and internal exposure mediums, including indoor dust, indoor air, skin wipe, serum and urine, were summarized and analysed.

Association between white blood cell count and adverse pregnancy outcomes: a retrospective cohort study from a tertiary hospital in China.

Objectives: This study aimed to clarify the relationship between white blood cell (WBC) and adverse pregnancy outcomes.

Design: A total of 25 270 pregnant women underwent peripheral blood white blood cell count tests in the first, second and third trimesters. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, preterm birth, low birth weight, caesarean delivery, macrosomia and fetal distress.

Short-hairpin RNA-mediated suppression of cortactin may inhibit the migration and invasion abilities of endometrial cancer cells by reducing lamellipodia.

Objectives: The prognosis of endometrial cancer (EC) is significantly affected by tumor infiltration and metastasis. Cortactin (CTTN) regulates infiltration and metastasis in other tumors. Studies on the role and mechanism of CTTN in EC are limited and further studies are needed.

lhCLIP reveals the in vivo RNA-RNA interactions recognized by hnRNPK.

RNA-RNA interactions play a crucial role in regulating gene expression and various biological processes, but identifying these interactions on a transcriptomic scale remains a challenge. To address this, we have developed a new biochemical technique called pCp-biotin labelled RNA hybrid and ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (lhCLIP) that enables the transcriptome-wide identification of intra- and intermolecular RNA-RNA interactions mediated by a specific RNA-binding protein (RBP). Using lhCLIP, we have uncovered a diverse landscape of intermolecular RNA interactions recognized by hnRNPK in human cells, involving all major classes of noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) and mRNA.

The contribution of IL-17A-dependent low LCN2 levels to Helicobacter pylori infection: Insights from clinical and experimental studies.

Background: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common bacterial infection that is widespread globally. It is crucial to comprehend the molecular mechanisms that underlie the infection caused by H.

Occurrences of typical PPCPs during wastewater treatment and the composting of sewage sludge with micron-sized and nano-sized FeO.

New pollutants, pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs), accumulate in sewage sludge (SS) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), posing risks to the environment and to human health. In the present study, the fates of typical PPCPs, carbamazepine (CBZ), triclosan (TCS), ibuprofen (IBU) and galaxolide (HHCB), were examined during WW treatment. Additionally, SS collected from a WWTP was used for aerobic composting to investigate the influences of micron-sized FeO (M-Fe) and nano-sized FeO (N-Fe) on the degradation of these PPCPs and the succession of microbial communities during the composting process.

A systematic characterization of soil/dust ingestion for typical subpopulations in China.

An accurate assessment of human exposure to pollutants through the ingestion of dust and/or soil particles depends on a thorough understanding their rate of human ingestion. To this end, we investigated the load and size distribution patterns of dust/soil particles on the hands of three typical subpopulations, including preschoolers, college students, and security guards (outdoor workers). The geometric mean diameter of dust/soil particles on hands was observed to be 38.

The change of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is associated with risk of incident diabetes.

Background & Aims: The effect of change in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) status on incident diabetes has not been well studied. We aimed to investigate the association of NAFLD development and remission with the risk of incident diabetes during a median of 3.5-year follow-up.

Fasting serum fructose is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease: A prospective study.

Aim: The association between sugar-sweetened beverages and metabolic disorders has been well studied. However, it has not been determined whether fasting serum fructose is associated with metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD).

Methods: Participants were enrolled from 2011 to 2012 in Shanghai.

Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Women With Normal Prepregnant Weight.

Context: Existing studies focusing on the effects of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) combined with normal prepregnant weight on pregnancy outcomes are limited.

Objective: This study aimed to explore the relationship between maternal NAFLD and adverse pregnancy outcomes in different body mass index (BMI) groups.

Methods: Using an antenatal care and delivery database, we retrospectively analyzed women who delivered in Minhang Hospital affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China from January 1, 2013, to June 30, 2020.

Validated quantitative P NMR spectroscopy for positional isomeric impurity determination in L-α-glycerylphosphorylcholine (L-α-GPC).

In this study a quantitative P nuclear magnetic resonance (P NMR) spectroscopy method was described to determine positional isomeric impurity β-GPC in commercial products of L-α-GPC. The samples were dissolved in DO and trimethyl phosphate (TMP) was selected as an internal calibrant. The measurements were performed on a Bruker 500 MHz spectrometer and the spectra were recorded under optimized process conditions.

Efficacy and Mechanisms of Oleuropein in Postmenopausal Osteoporosis.

Background: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMOP) has a supernal morbidity rate in elderly females.

Objective: To appraise the effects of oleuropein on bone densitometry, bone metabolic index, oxidative stress, and inflammatory index in PMOP. In addition, the mechanism of olive bittersweet preventing bone loss was explored.

"Two-birds-one-stone" colon-targeted nanomedicine treats ulcerative colitis via remodeling immune microenvironment and anti-fibrosis.

Dysregulated mucosal immune responses and colonic fibrosis impose two formidable challenges for ulcerative colitis treatment. It indicates that monotherapy could not sufficiently deal with this complicated disease and combination therapy may provide a potential solution. A chitosan-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticle (CS-PLGA NP) system was developed for co-delivering patchouli alcohol and simvastatin to the inflamed colonic epithelium to alleviate the symptoms of ulcerative colitis via remodeling immune microenvironment and anti-fibrosis, a so-called "two-birds-one-stone" nanotherapeutic strategy.

Phloretin ameliorates diabetes-induced endothelial injury through AMPK-dependent anti-EndMT pathway.

Diabetic cardiovascular complications contribute more than half of diabetes mortality. Endothelial damage and subsequent pathological changes play a key role in this process. Phloretin, a plant-derived dihydrochalcone compound, was reported to have the activities in regulating metabolism homeostasis and anti-inflammation.

Evaluation of the diagnostic and prognostic values of serum HSP90α in sepsis patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Sepsis is a serious syndrome that is caused by immune responses dysfunction and leads to high mortality. The abilities of heat shock protein 90α (HSP90α) in assessing the diagnosis and prognosis in patients with sepsis remain ill-defined to date. We conducted a study to reveal the possible clinical applications of HSP90α as biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis in patients with sepsis.

Gas-particle partition and size-segregated distribution of flame retardants in indoor and outdoor air: Reevaluation on the role of fine particles in human exposure.

In this study, we investigated the distribution of brominated and organophosphate flame retardants (BFRs and OPFRs) in the paired gaseous and nine size-segregated particulate samples collected from 8 typical indoor compartments and monthly outdoor in Xinxiang, China, respectively. For the indoor environments, total concentrations of FRs (ΣFRs) in bulk air ranged from 3.9 ng/m to 37.

Identifying dermal exposure as the dominant pathway of children's exposure to flame retardants in kindergartens.

Exploration of multiple sources of brominated (BFRs) and organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) for children promotes the understanding of exposure pathways and health risk. 10 BFRs and 9 OPFRs were measured in skin wipes from hands, forehead, and arms of 30 children, and surface wipe samples from sills, toys, desks and floors, and indoor air samples of kindergartens from Xinxiang, China. Higher ∑OPFRs concentrations were observed in the forehead (1840 ng/m), followed by hand (1420 ng/m) and arm wipes (1130 ng/m), and the ∑BFRs concentrations in forehead, hand and arm wipes were 116, 315 and 165 ng/m, respectively.

Characteristics of airborne particles retained on conifer needles across China in winter and preliminary evaluation of the capacity of trees in haze mitigation.

To fully understand the characteristics of particulate matter (PM) retained on plant leaves (PMR) and the effect of vegetation on haze on a large spatial scale, we investigated needle samples collected from 78 parks and campuses in 31 cities (30 provincial cities) of China and developed a comprehensive method to characterise PMR. Both the PMR load (including water-insoluble particulate matter (WIPM), water-soluble inorganic ions (WSIS) and water-soluble organic matter (WSOM)), with a mean value of 554 ± 345 mg m leaf area, and component profiles of PMR showed obvious spatial variation across the cities. Though haze pollution levels vary greatly among the 31 cities, the PM retention capacity of needles does not depend on haze level because PMR generally reaches saturation before precipitation in winter.

The Association between the rs312457 Genotype of the SLC16a13 Gene and Diabetes Mellitus in a Chinese Population.

Objective: SLC16a genes encode H + -coupled monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs). MCTs are involved in maintaining interstitial fluids' pH and regulating insulin's binding affinity to its receptor, which is a potential mechanism for the onset of diabetes. In this research, we make explorations of the association between the rs312457 genotype of the SLC16a13 gene and diabetes in the Chinese population.

Lifetime bioaccumulation, gender difference, tissue distribution, and parental transfer of organophosphorus plastic additives in freshwater fish.

Plastic pollution has been a growing global issue. Various plastic additives may enter the environment with plastic debris, which could also become contaminants. Lifetime bioaccumulation, gender difference, tissue distribution, and parental transfer potential of commonly applied organophosphorus plastic additives (OPPAs) were investigated in wildlife fish of the Pearl River system, China.