Enfortumab vedotin versus platinum rechallenge in post-platinum, post-pembrolizumab advanced urothelial carcinoma: A multicenter propensity score-matched study.

Objective: Enfortumab vedotin (EV) was approved for advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) in 2021 after the EV-301 trial showed its superiority to non-platinum-based chemotherapy as later-line treatment after platinum-based chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors including pembrolizumab. However, no study has compared EV with rechallenging platinum-based chemotherapy (i.e.

Serum soluble B7-H3 is a prognostic marker for patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

Background: B7-H3 is a member of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands and is a costimulatory molecule promoting the T cell response in vitro. We herein investigated the clinical utility of serum soluble B7-H3 (sB7-H3) in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC).

Methods: We analyzed 555 patients in whom NMIBC was diagnosed at Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center between 2008 and 2013.

Serum soluble B7-H4 is a prognostic marker for patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: B7-H4 is a member of the B7 family of immune-regulatory ligands and is considered to be a negative regulator of the immune response. We investigated the clinical significance of serum soluble B7-H4 in patients with non-metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: We analyzed 108 patients in whom non-metastatic clear cell renal cancer was diagnosed at Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center between 2008 and 2013.

Drug review: Pazopanib.

Pazopanib (Votrient®) is an oral small-molecule multi-kinase inhibitor that primarily inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1, -2 and -3, platelet endothelial growth factor receptor-α, and -β, and the stem-cell factor receptor c-kit. In preliminary experiments using angiogenesis models with mice and rabbits, pazopanib inhibited angiogenesis caused by combined vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor. Although pazopanib was developed as a therapeutic agent against various tumors, it is currently approved in many countries for advanced soft-tissue sarcoma and renal cell carcinoma.

Effect of dutasteride on castration-resistant prostate cancer.

It has previously been demonstrated that the intratumoral generation of the potent androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT), contributes critically to the progression of prostate cancer and its castration-resistant form, castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). Circulating testosterone is converted into DHT by 5α-reductase (SRD5A). Dutasteride is a dual inhibitor of type I and II SRD5A.

[METASTATIC SMALL CELL CARCINOMA OF THE URINARY BLADDER TREATED WITH SYSTEMIC CHEMOTHERAPY INCLUDING AN AMRUBICIN; A CASE REPORT].

We report a 59-year-old male patient with metastatic small cell carcinoma of the bladder treated with systemic chemotherapy including an amrubicin. The patient was referred to our hospital complaining of macrohematuria. A cytoscopy revealed a non-papillary, broad-based tumor extending from the right to the posterior wall of the bladder.

The safety and effect of chemotherapy with short hydration for urothelial cancer on patients' quality of life.

Objective: Our aim was 2-fold: first, to assess the safety of short hydration treatment for urothelial cancer; and second, to assess the resultant quality of life of patients who received the treatment.

Methods: We assessed 61 patients including 31 outpatients and 30 inpatients, who received a combination of gemcitabine and cisplatin chemotherapy with short hydration. The serum creatinine (Cr) level and the estimated glomerular filtration rate were measured to assess renal function using linear mixed model analysis.

Preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio as an independent prognostic marker for patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma.

Background: To predict the prognosis, we evaluated the significance of the preoperative neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with upper urinary tract urothelial carcinoma (UUTUC).

Patients And Methods: A cohort of 137 patients diagnosed with UUTUC from 1994 to 2008 at Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center was enrolled in this retrospective study. Log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression models were used for univariate and multivariate analyses.

Metastatic renal cell carcinoma change vascularity.

Several molecular targeted agents have been approved for clinical use for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). A case of a 32-year-old woman with mRCC is presented. These tumors could change vascularity by administration of molecular agents.