The role of glycogen and lipid metabolism in the testes of Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) during different stages of the hibernation cycle and their influence on reproductive function remain poorly understood. This study examined testicular morphology across hibernation stages and investigated potential molecular mechanisms. Results showed that: (1) Spermatocyte density was reduced in the torpor group compared to the pre-hibernation (PRE) group, suggesting a suppression of spermatogenesis during torpor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDue to the unique geographical features of large numbers, isolated by water and diverse formation histories, islands have become natural laboratories for ecological and evolutionary research. Islands have a high proportion of endemic species and disharmony in representing the species compared with that in the continent, which provides a good opportunity to explore the formation of island biodiversity. In this review, we focuse on island ecosystems and describes the progress of research in island biogeography in recent years from three aspects: formation, maintenance, and loss of island biodiversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol
January 2025
Cyclic hibernation bouts in Daurian ground squirrels (Spermophilus dauricus) lead to repeated suppression and recovery of mitochondrial respiratory function across multiple organs, potentially impacting reactive oxygen species (ROS) dynamics. The Harderian gland (HG) plays an important role in endocrine regulation through porphyrin secretion. However, the influence of hibernation on oxidative pressure and associated antioxidant pathways in the HG remains inadequately understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrganic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells (OIH-PSCs) have developed rapidly in the past decade, and the commercialization of OIH-PSCs demands low-cost hole-transport materials (HTMs) with high performance and stability. The present study synthesized two organic HTMs containing dibenzothiophene S-dioxide as the acceptor unit and triphenylamine as the donor (denoted by TPAF-SO2 and TPA-SO2). In TPAF-SO, the methoxy group and adjacent fluorine atom were introduced to decrease the highest occupied molecular orbital energy level.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExfoliation from quaternary hexagonal MAB (h-MAB) phases has been suggested as a method for producing 2D in-plane ordered MBenes (i-MBenes) with the general formula (M'M″)AB. However, experimental realization of defect-free i-MBenes has not been achieved yet due to the absence of a suitable parent quaternary h-MAB phase. In this study, a machine learning (ML) model is used to predict the stability of 15771 quaternary h-MAB phases generated by considering 33 transition metals for the M site and 16 p-block elements for the A site.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOver the past decade, conventional MAX phases and MXenes have garnered significant interest, primarily limited to carbides and/or nitrides. However, in 2019, the hexagonal ternary boride TiInB was successfully synthesized, sparking extensive research into hexagonal MAB (h-MAB) phases and their derived MBenes (h-MBenes). In recent years, h-MAB and h-MBenes have become focal points in the fields of physics, chemistry, and materials science.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular analyses of rapidly radiating groups often reveal incongruence between gene trees. This mainly results from incomplete lineage sorting, introgression, and gene tree estimation error, which complicate the estimation of phylogenetic relationships. In this study, we reconstruct the phylogeny of Theaceae using 348 nuclear loci from 68 individuals and two outgroup taxa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThis study combines machine learning (ML) and high-throughput calculations to uncover new ternary electrides in the family of compounds with the 4/ space group. Starting from a library of 214 known phases, density functional theory calculations were used to compute the maximum value of the electron localization function, indicating that 42 are potential electrides. A model was then trained on this data set and used to predict the electride behavior of 14,437 hypothetical compounds generated by structural prototyping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To evaluate the diagnostic value of computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) software on ultrasound in distinguishing benign and malignant breast masses and avoiding unnecessary biopsy.
Methods: This prospective, multicenter study included patients who were scheduled for pathological diagnosis of breast masses between April 2019 and November 2020. Ultrasound images, videos, CAD analysis, and BI-RADS were obtained.
Objective: This study aimed to explore the value of elasticity score (ES) and strain ratio (SR) combined with conventional ultrasound in distinguishing benign and malignant breast masses and reducing biopsy of BI-RADS (Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System) 4a lesions.
Methods: This prospective, multicenter study included 910 patients from nine different hospitals. The acquisition and analysis of conventional ultrasound and strain elastography (SE) were obtained by radiologists with more than 5 years of experience in breast ultrasound imaging.
Objectives: To evaluate the value of the computer-aided diagnosis system, S-Detect (based on deep learning algorithm), in distinguishing benign and malignant breast masses and reducing unnecessary biopsy based on the experience of radiologists.
Methods: From February 2018 to March 2019, 266 breast masses in 192 women were included in our study. Ultrasound (US) examination, including S-Detect technique, was performed by the radiologist with about 10 years of clinical experience in breast US imaging.
The tea family (Theaceae) has a highly unusual amphi-Pacific disjunct distribution: most extant species in the family are restricted to subtropical evergreen broadleaf forests in East Asia, while a handful of species occur exclusively in the subtropical and tropical Americas. Here, we used an approach that integrates the rich fossil evidence of this group with phylogenies in biogeographic analysis to study the processes behind this distribution pattern. We first combined genome-skimming sequencing with existing molecular data to build a robust species-level phylogeny for c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: The purpose of this study was to improve the differentiation between malignant and benign thyroid nodules using deep learning (DL) in category 4 and 5 based on the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS, TR) from the American College of Radiology (ACR).
Design And Methods: From June 2, 2017 to April 23, 2019, 2082 thyroid ultrasound images from 1396 consecutive patients with confirmed pathology were retrospectively collected, of which 1289 nodules were category 4 (TR4) and 793 nodules were category 5 (TR5). Ninety percent of the B-mode ultrasound images were applied for training and validation, and the residual 10% and an independent external dataset for testing purpose by three different deep learning algorithms.
The extract rates, multicomponent content and fingerprint were determined in this study to investigate the quality diffe-rence between standard decoction of raw Paeoniae Radix Alba and fried Paeoniae Radix Alba. UPLC fingerprint was established for 17 batches of standard decoction of raw and fried Paeoniae Radix Alba, and the contents of gallic acid, catechin, albiflorin, paeoniflorin and benzoyl paeoniflorin were determined. The peak areas of standard decoction were analyzed by the independent t-test and orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDifferent hypotheses have been proposed to interpret the observed unusual ITS (internal transcribed spacer) sequences in . The coexistence of diverged ITS paralogs in a single genome was previously shown by amplifying the ITS region from mono-ascospore isolates using specific primers designed for different ITS paralog groups. Among those paralogs, are AT-biased ITS sequences which were hypothesized to result from repeat-induced point mutation (RIP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To compare the diagnostic value of S-Detect (a computer aided diagnosis system using deep learning) in differentiating thyroid nodules in radiologists with different experience and to assess if S-Detect can improve the diagnostic performance of radiologists.
Materials And Methods: Between February 2018 and October 2019, 204 thyroid nodules in 181 patients were included. An experienced radiologist performed ultrasound for thyroid nodules and obtained the result of S-Detect.
Background: With the increase of chimeric antigen receptor-modified T (CAR-T) cell therapy, serious complications initiated by CAR-T cells have garnered wide attention. We have previously developed a 4-1BB/CD3-ζ-costimulated CAR-T cells against CD19 (CART19) for adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). In this study, a preclinical safety assessment of CART19 was performed on NSG mice, to evaluate the preclinical toxicity along with its efficacy and tissue distribution.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJolkinolide B (JB), which is isolated from the dried root of Euphorbia fischeriana Steud., has been reported to possess various therapeutic effects, such as treatment of edema and abdominal distention and protection against acute lung injury, and it has also been reported to have anti-inflammatory even antitumor properties. Thus, JB has always been considered a promising anticancer drug candidate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmodin is a natural anthraquinone derivative that is present in various herbal preparations. The pharmacological effects of emodin include anticancer, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and even antimicrobial activities. However, emodin also has been reported to induce hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, genotoxicity and reproductive toxicity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChemoresistance remains a major obstacle to successful treatment of breast cancer. Although soluble tumor necrosis factor-α (sTNF-α) has been implicated in mediating drug-resistance in human cancers, whether transmembrane tumor necrosis factor-α (tmTNF-α) plays a role in chemoresistance remains unclear. Here we found that over 50% of studied patients expressed tmTNF-α at high levels in breast cancer tissues and tmTNF-α expression positively correlated with resistance to anthracycline chemotherapy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBurkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma with rapid growth and dissemination propensity. Triptolide (TP), an active component extracted from Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f., has broad-spectrum anti-tumor activities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF"RenqingMangjue" pill (RMP), as an effective prescription of Traditional Tibetan Medicine (TTM), has been widely used in treating digestive diseases and ulcerative colitis for over a thousand years. In certain classical Tibetan Medicine, heavy metal may add as an active ingredient, but it may cause contamination unintentionally in some cases. Therefore, the toxicity and adverse effects of TTM became to draw public attention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHedyotis diffusa, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is widely used for oncotherapy and shows a positive effect in the clinical treatment. But its mechanism of anticancer activities is complicated and unclear. This study was undertaken to assess the therapeutic effects and reveal detailed mechanisms of H.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYing Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao
October 2015
The objective of this study was to screen and evaluate the zinc deficiency tolerance among eight apple rootstocks, i.e., Malus baccata, M.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Huazhong Univ Sci Technolog Med Sci
February 2016
Radioiodine ablation (RIA) therapy is one of the most important treatments for papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), but some patients who received (131)I have radioiodine-refractory disease caused by the decreased expression of the Na(+)/I(-) symporter (NIS). BRAF(V600E) mutation is one possible risk factor that can disturb the NIS expression, but the roles are unclear in clinical practice. This research discussed the association of BRAF(V600E) mutation and NIS expression in PTC tissue and the clinical implications in RIA therapy.
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