Residue Behavior of Methoxyfenozide and Pymetrozine in Chinese Cabbage and Their Health Risk Assessment.

Methoxyfenozide and pymetrozine are used for pest control in the cultivation of Chinese cabbage. This has raised concerns in recent years due to health risks. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the residual concentrations of pesticides in the target crop and associated health risks.

Structural, Optical, and Magnetic Properties of Erbium-Substituted Yttrium Iron Garnets.

We synthesized a series of slightly erbium-substituted yttrium iron garnets (Er:YIG), Y Er FeO at different Er concentrations ( = 0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.

Healthcare Utilization for Lateral Epicondylitis: A 9-Year Analysis of the 2010-2018 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service National Patient Sample Data.

This retrospective cross-sectional study examined healthcare utilization among 213,025 patients with lateral epicondylitis over a nine-year period using the 2010-2018 Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) data (ICD code M771). Healthcare utilization, types of treatment, and the route of the visit were analyzed with frequency analysis for Western medicine (WM) and Korean medicine (KM). The findings revealed that the number of patients visiting WM and KM facilities for lateral epicondylitis rose every year from 2010 to 2018.

Uniform deposition method of monodispersed SiO nanoparticles on a 300-mm Si wafer surface.

A study of the uniform deposition of nanoparticles across a 300-mm wafer was conducted to assess the uniformity of the wafer center-to-edge cleaning technique. A new method of particle deposition was devised different from the conventional method using electrostatic force. The strategy implements wafer rotation and deposition through principles of convection and diffusion.

Gender differences in the effect of self-rated health (SRH) on all-cause mortality and specific causes of mortality among individuals aged 50 years and older.

Although different gender associations between self-rated health (SRH) and mortality have been reported, the results of the respective studies have been inconsistent and little is known about the cause-specific relation of mortality with SRH by gender. Therefore, to evaluate the gender differences in all-cause or specific causes of mortality by SRH, this retrospective cohort study was conducted using the data of 19,770 Korean adults aged 50 years and over who underwent health screening at Seoul National University Hospital between March 1995 and December 2008. SRH was surveyed using a simple questionnaire, and the all-cause mortality and cause-specific mortality were followed up from baseline screening until December 31, 2016.

Molecular Oriented Charge Accumulation in High-Efficiency Polymer Solar Cells as Revealed by Operando Spin Analysis.

A low band-gap polymer, PTB7-Th, is one of the typical p-type semiconductors among the next-generation solar-cell materials that have achieved power conversion efficiencies of over 10%. However, the internal deterioration mechanism of high-efficiency polymer solar cells such as PTB7-Th-based cells is still an open issue and has been extensively studied. Here, we report a study with operando electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy for PTB7-Th polymer solar cells with an n-type semiconductor PCBM to clarify the internal deterioration mechanism at a molecular level.

An Oligoimide Particle as a Pickering Emulsion Stabilizer.

A pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and 4,4'-oxydianiline (ODA)-based oligoimide (PMDA-ODA) was synthesized by a one-step procedure using water as a solvent. The PMDA-ODA particles showed excellent partial wetting properties and were stably dispersed in both water and oil phases. A stable dispersion was not obtained with comparison PMDA-ODA particles that were synthesized by a conventional two-step method using an organic solvent.

Significantly enhanced photoluminescence and thermal stability of LaSiNO:Ce,Tb the Ce → Tb energy transfer: a blue-green phosphor for ultraviolet LEDs.

A series of Ce-, Tb- and Ce/Tb-doped LaSiNO phosphors were synthesized by gas-pressure sintering (GPS). The energy transfer between Ce and Tb occurred in the co-doped samples, leading to a tunable emission color from blue to green under the 360 nm excitation. The energy transfer mechanism was controlled by the dipole-dipole interaction.

Operando Direct Observation of Charge Accumulation and the Correlation with Performance Deterioration in PTB7 Polymer Solar Cells.

Polymer solar cells are one of the promising energy sources because of the easy solution-processable production with large area at a low cost without toxicity. Among the polymer materials, a donor-acceptor conjugated copolymer PTB7 has been extensively studied because of the typical high-performance polymer solar cells. Here, we show operando direct observation of charge accumulation in PTB7:PCBM blend solar cells from a microscopic viewpoint using electron spin resonance spectroscopy.

Synthesis and Photoluminescence Properties of a Blue-Emitting LaSiNO:Eu Phosphor.

Eu-doped LaSiNO phosphors were synthesized by the high temperature solid-state method, and their photoluminescence properties were investigated in this work. LaSiNO:Eu exhibits a strong broad absorption band centered at 320 nm, spanning the spectral range of 300-600 nm due to 4f → 4f5d electronic transitions of Eu. The emission spectra show a broad and asymmetric band peaking at 481-513 nm depending on the Eu concentration, and the emission color can be tuned in a broad range owing to the energy transfer between Eu ions occupying two independent crystallographic sites.

Transition of Emission Colours as a Consequence of Heat-Treatment of Carbon Coated Ce-Doped YAG Phosphors.

To modify the luminescence properties of Ce-doped Y₃Al₅O (YAG) phosphors, they have been coated with a carbon layer by chemical vapor deposition and subsequently heat-treated at high temperature under N₂ atmosphere. Luminescence of the carbon coated YAG:Ce phosphors has been investigated as a function of heat-treatment at 1500 and 1650 °C. The 540 nm emission intensity of C@YAG:Ce is the highest when heated at 1650 °C, while a blue emission at 400-420 nm is observed when heated at 1500 °C but not at 1650 °C.

Low-Temperature Self-Healing of a Microcapsule-Type Protective Coating.

Low-temperature self-healing capabilities are essential for self-healing materials exposed to cold environments. Although low-temperature self-healing concepts have been proposed, there has been no report of a microcapsule-type low-temperature self-healing system wherein the healing ability was demonstrated at low temperature. In this work, low-temperature self-healing of a microcapsule-type protective coating was demonstrated.

Out-of-Plane Piezoelectricity and Ferroelectricity in Layered α-InSe Nanoflakes.

Piezoelectric and ferroelectric properties in the two-dimensional (2D) limit are highly desired for nanoelectronic, electromechanical, and optoelectronic applications. Here we report the first experimental evidence of out-of-plane piezoelectricity and ferroelectricity in van der Waals layered α-InSe nanoflakes. The noncentrosymmetric R3m symmetry of the α-InSe samples is confirmed by scanning transmission electron microscopy, second-harmonic generation, and Raman spectroscopy measurements.

Microcapsule-Type Self-Healing Protective Coating for Cementitious Composites with Secondary Crack Preventing Ability.

A microcapsule-type self-healing protective coating with secondary crack preventing capability has been developed using a silanol-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (STP)/dibutyltin dilaurate (DD) healing agent. STP undergoes condensation reaction in the presence of DD to give a viscoelastic substance. STP- and DD-containing microcapsules were prepared by in-situ polymerization and interfacial polymerization methods, respectively.

Mo cluster-based compounds for energy conversion applications: comparative study of photoluminescence and cathodoluminescence.

We report the photoluminescence (PL) and cathodoluminescence (CL) properties of face-capped [MoXL] (X = Cl, Br, I; L = organic or inorganic ligands) cluster units. We show that the emission of Mo metal atom clusters depends not only on the nature of X and L ligands bound to the cluster and counter-cations, but also on the excitation source. Seven members of the AMoXL series (A = Cs, (n-CH)N, NH) were selected to evaluate the influence of counter-cations and ligands on de-excitation mechanisms responsible for multicomponent emission of cluster units.

Low-energy Cathodoluminescence for (Oxy)Nitride Phosphors.

Nitride and oxynitride (Sialon) phosphors are good candidates for the ultraviolet and visible emission applications. High performance, good stability and flexibility of their emission properties can be achieved by controlling their composition and dopants. However, a lot of work is still required to improve their properties and to reduce the production cost.

Grassy Silica Nanoribbons and Strong Blue Luminescence.

Silicon dioxide (SiO) is one of the key materials in many modern technological applications such as in metal oxide semiconductor transistors, photovoltaic solar cells, pollution removal, and biomedicine. We report the accidental discovery of free-standing grassy silica nanoribbons directly grown on SiO/Si platform which is commonly used for field-effect transistors fabrication without other precursor. We investigate the formation mechanism of this novel silica nanostructure that has not been previously documented.

Chemical Amination via Cycloaddition of Graphene for Use in a Glucose Sensor.

Graphene was chemically aminated via cycloaddition. Aziridine-ring linkages were formed by covalently modifying the C-C double bonds in graphene. The aminated graphene presents an enhanced hydrophilicity, the contact angle with water decreases from 80.

Prevention of thermal- and moisture-induced degradation of the photoluminescence properties of the Sr2Si5N8:Eu(2+) red phosphor by thermal post-treatment in N2-H2.

A red phosphor of Sr2Si5N8:Eu(2+) powder was synthesized by a solid state reaction. The synthesized phosphor was thermally post-treated in an inert and reductive N2-H2 mixed-gas atmosphere at 300-1200 °C. The main phase of the resultant phosphor was identified as Sr2Si5N8.

Solubility and crystallographic facet tailoring of (GaN)(1-x)(ZnO)(x) pseudobinary solid-solution nanostructures as promising photocatalysts.

(GaN)1-x(ZnO)x solid-solution nanostructures with superior crystallinity, large surface areas and visible light absorption have been regarded as promising photocatalysts for overall water splitting to produce H2. In this work, we report the preparation of (GaN)1-x(ZnO)x solid-solution nanorods with a high ZnO solubility up to 95% via a two-step synthetic route, which starts from a sol-gel reaction and follows with a nitridation process. Moreover, we clearly demonstrated that the crystallographic facets of (GaN)1-x(ZnO)x solid-solution nanorods can be finely tailored from non-polar {10̄10} to semipolar {10̄11} and then finally to mixed {10̄1} and polar {000̄1} by carefully controlling the growth temperature and nitridation time.

Bright visible light emission from graphene.

Graphene and related two-dimensional materials are promising candidates for atomically thin, flexible and transparent optoelectronics. In particular, the strong light-matter interaction in graphene has allowed for the development of state-of-the-art photodetectors, optical modulators and plasmonic devices. In addition, electrically biased graphene on SiO2 substrates can be used as a low-efficiency emitter in the mid-infrared range.

Strong Energy-Transfer-Induced Enhancement of Luminescence Efficiency of Eu(2+)- and Mn(2+)-Codoped Gamma-AlON for Near-UV-LED-Pumped Solid State Lighting.

A series of Eu(2+)- and Mn(2+)-codoped γ-AlON (Al1.7O2.1N0.

Nanoetching process on silicon solar cell wafers during mass production for surface texture improvement.

Major challenge in nanotechnology is to improve the solar cells efficiency. This can be achieved by controlling the silicon solar cell wafer surface structure. Herein, we report a KOH wet etching process along with an ultrasonic cleaning process to improve the surface texture of silicon solar cell wafers.