Accessing Furan-Linked Methylene Oxindoles/Benzofurans via Stereoselective Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Cyclization/Cycloisomerization.

A palladium-catalyzed domino cyclization/cycloisomerization reaction of alkyne-tethered carbamoyl chlorides with ()-β-chloroenones is reported. This reaction proceeds via a -carbopalladation of the alkyne, followed by a vinyl-Pd-catalyzed cycloisomerization of the ()-β-chloroenone cascade, which provides an efficient method to synthesize furan-linked methylene oxindoles. The reaction features stereodefined vinyl-Pd species, high to excellent 5-exo/6-endo selectivity, excellent / selectivity, and the sequential formation of three bonds and bis-heterocycles.

Palladium-Catalyzed Domino Heck/Cross-Coupling Cyclization Reaction: Diastereoselective Synthesis of Furan-Containing Indolines.

Herein, a palladium-catalyzed diastereoselective dearomatization/cross-coupling cyclization reaction between -arylacyl indoles and ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones is reported. Through this cyclization/cycloisomerization cascade, a series of furan-containing indolines were obtained in yields up to 95%. The reaction features readily accessible starting materials, benzyl Pd(II)-catalyzed cycloisomerization of ()-β-chlorovinyl ketones, the sequential formation of three bonds and bis-heterocycles, and excellent diastereoselectivity.

Origin and significance of leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 antibodies in cerebrospinal fluid.

Background: Whether antibodies against leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1-Abs) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are partially transferred from serum and the impact of CSF-LGI1-Ab positivity on clinical features and prognosis are unclear. Therefore, we aim to investigate the differences in serum titers, clinical features, and outcomes between LGI1-Ab CSF-positive and LGI1-Ab CSF-negative patients.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of serum titers and clinical features according to CSF LGI1-Ab status.

Predictive value of persistent antibodies at 6 months for relapse in neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis.

Background: For patients with neuronal surface antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis (NSAE) whose clinical symptoms gradually improve, the recommended course of immunotherapy in China is about 6 months. We aim to explore the relationship between persistent antibody positivity when immunotherapy is discontinued at 6 months and subsequent relapse.

Methods: Prospective inclusion of NSAE patients with clinical remission after 6-month immunotherapy.

Clinical risk factors for recurrence of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease.

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a CNS demyelinating disease that targets myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein and recurs in approximately 50% of patients after the initial episode. Multiple relapses may have adverse consequences, but the factors influencing relapse are unclear. This study analyzed the clinical risk factors for relapse in patients with MOGAD.