Discovery of novel DPP4 inhibitory peptides from egg yolk by machine learning and molecular docking: In vitro and in vivo validation.

DPP4 inhibitors could treat T2DM. Low-cost and accessible egg yolk protein (EYP) has the potential to produce highly bioactive peptides. Therefore, this study was to explore the novel DPP4 inhibitory peptide in EYP.

Cross-trait multivariate GWAS confirms health implications of pubertal timing.

Pubertal timing is highly variable and is associated with long-term health outcomes. Phenotypes associated with pubertal timing include age at menarche, age at voice break, age at first facial hair and growth spurt, and pubertal timing seems to have a shared genetic architecture between the sexes. However, puberty phenotypes have primarily been assessed separately, failing to account for shared genetics, which limits the reliability of the purported health implications.

STMGraph: spatial-context-aware of transcriptomes via a dual-remasked dynamic graph attention model.

Spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies enable dissecting the tissue architecture in spatial context. To perceive the global contextual information of gene expression patterns in tissue, the spatial dependence of cells must be fully considered by integrating both local and non-local features by means of spatial-context-aware. However, the current ST integration algorithm ignores for ST dropouts, which impedes the spatial-aware of ST features, resulting in challenges in the accuracy and robustness of microenvironmental heterogeneity detecting, spatial domain clustering, and batch-effects correction.

Optimal timing of anti-PD-1 antibody combined with chemotherapy administration in patients with NSCLC.

Background: Anti-programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) antibody combined with chemotherapy simultaneously is regarded as the standard treatment for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) by current clinical guidelines. Different immune statuses induced by chemotherapy considerably affect the synergistic effects of the chemo-anti-PD-1 combination. Therefore, it is necessary to determine the optimal timing of combination treatment administration.

Enhance Photo-Stability of Up-Scalable Organic Solar Cells: Suppressing Radical Generation in Polymer Donors.

The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of single-junction organic solar cells (OSCs) has been promoted above 20%. Device up-scaling draws more and more research attentions. Besides the high PCE for devices with up-scalable fabrication methods and conditions, achieving high stability simultaneously is essential for pushing industrialization of this technology.

The divergent association of diet intake, parental education, and nutrition policy with childhood overweight and obesity from low- to high-income countries: A meta-analysis.

Background: It is unclear whether the effects of dietary intake, parental education, and nutrition policy on childhood overweight and obesity is consistent between high-income (HICs) and low- and middle-income (LMICs) countries. The objective of this meta-analysis was to investigate the association of diet, parental education and nutrition policy with childhood overweight and obesity when the economic levels were controlled.

Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Embase and Scopus were searched for observational studies published from January 1980 to October 2023 that examined the association of diet, parental education and nutrition policy with childhood overweight and obesity.

Clinical features and treatment of newly diagnosed multiple myeloma with secondary myelofibrosis: a retrospective study.

Background: Secondary myelofibrosis (SMF) is characterized by the excessive deposition of fibrous tissue on top of the primary disease, often causing clinical manifestations to be overshadowed by the primary disease. Unfortunately, current staging systems do not incorporate myelofibrosis, leading to potential treatment delays for SMF.

Objectives: To evaluate the prognosis of patients with multiple myeloma (MM) complicated with myelofibrosis.

Periplocin improves the sensitivity of oxaliplatin-resistant hepatocellular carcinoma cells by inhibiting M2 macrophage polarization.

The aim of this research was to investigate the impact of periplocin (PPLN) on oxaliplatin (OXA) resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and offer insights for improving clinical treatment of HCC. The IC50 value of HCC cell lines against OXA was detected by the CCK-8 assay, and an OXA-resistant HepG2 cell line (HepG2/OXA) was constructed. THP-1 cells were induced into M1 or M2 macrophages, and M2 macrophage-conditioned medium (M2-CM) was prepared.

Machine learning approach for the prediction of macrosomia.

Fetal macrosomia is associated with maternal and newborn complications due to incorrect fetal weight estimation or inappropriate choice of delivery models. The early screening and evaluation of macrosomia in the third trimester can improve delivery outcomes and reduce complications. However, traditional clinical and ultrasound examinations face difficulties in obtaining accurate fetal measurements during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Dose-Response Relationships of Moderate to Vigorous Physical Activity and Sedentary Time With Renal Function Indices in Adolescents With Reduced Renal Function: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: This study aimed to explore the associations between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time with renal function indices in adolescents with kidney disease.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 719 adolescents (median age 15 y, 40.6% female) with kidney disease from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2016.

A novel study on CXXC5: unraveling its regulatory mechanisms in hematopoietic stem cell biology through proteomics and gene editing.

Background: This study investigates the role of CXXC5 in the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) within the bone marrow microenvironment, utilizing advanced methodologies such as single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq), CRISPR-Cas9, and proteomic analysis.

Methods: We employed flow cytometry to isolate HSCs from bone marrow samples, followed by scRNA-seq analysis using the 10x Genomics platform to examine cell clustering and CXXC5 expression patterns. CRISPR-Cas9 and lentiviral vectors facilitated the knockout and overexpression of CXXC5 in HSCs.

Synthesis and Biological Activities of C1-Substituted Acylhydrazone -Carboline Analogues as Antifungal Candidates.

In our ongoing work to create potential antifungal agents, we synthesized and tested a group of C1-substituted acylhydrazone -carboline analogues - and - for their effectiveness against , , , and . Their compositions were analyzed using different spectral techniques, such as H/C NMR and HRMS, with the structure of being additionally confirmed through X-ray diffraction. The antifungal evaluation showed that, among all the target -carboline analogues, compounds and exhibited more promising and broad-spectrum antifungal activity than the commercial pesticide hymexazol.

A deep learning model for anti-inflammatory peptides identification based on deep variational autoencoder and contrastive learning.

As a class of biologically active molecules with significant immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects, anti-inflammatory peptides have important application value in the medical and biotechnology fields due to their unique biological functions. Research on the identification of anti-inflammatory peptides provides important theoretical foundations and practical value for a deeper understanding of the biological mechanisms of inflammation and immune regulation, as well as for the development of new drugs and biotechnological applications. Therefore, it is necessary to develop more advanced computational models for identifying anti-inflammatory peptides.

The Core-Shell Microneedle with Probiotic Extracellular Vesicles for Infected Wound Healing and Microbial Homeostasis Restoration.

Wound healing is a dynamic process involving the timely transition of organized phases. However, infected wounds often experience prolonged inflammation due to microbial overload. Thus, addressing the viable treatment needs across different healing stages is a critical challenge in wound management.

Fu-zi decoction attenuate rheumatoid arthritis and by modulating RANK/RANKL signaling pathway.

Background: Fu-zi decoction (FZD) has a long history of application for treating Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) as a classic formulation. However, its underlying mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to decipher the potential mechanism of FZD in treating RA, with a specific focus on receptor activator of nuclear factor κB/receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANK/RANKL) signaling pathway.

Symmetry in thermal cycles and processes.

Symmetry analysis is a cutting-edge research approach in physics, yet its application in macroscopic energy systems remains limited. This study demonstrates its potential to provide valuable insights for a deeper understanding and development of thermodynamic cycles. This article first studies the symmetry of the proposed - diagrams and finds rich symmetries including reflection symmetry, translation symmetry, and rotational symmetry within Carnot cycles.

TMB Signature-Related RCAN2 Promotes Apoptosis by Upregulating EHF/DR5 Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: The tumour mutation burden (TMB) is a valuable indicator of the accumulation of somatic mutations, and is thought to be associated with the biological behaviour and prognosis of tumours. However, the related genetic mechanism for these association is still unclear. The aim of the present study was to identify the key gene(s) associated with TMB in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and to investigate its biological functions, downstream transcription factors, and mechanism of action.

Correlation between type 2 diabetes mellitus remission and intrapancreatic fat deposition.

Background: Intrapancreatic fat deposition (IPFD) exerts a significant negative impact on patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), accelerates disease deterioration, and may lead to impaired β-cell quality and function.

Aim: To investigate the correlation between T2DM remission and IPFD.

Methods: We enrolled 80 abdominally obese patients with T2DM admitted to our institution from January 2019 to October 2023, including 40 patients with weight loss-induced T2DM remission (research group) and 40 patients with short-term intensive insulin therapy-induced T2DM remission (control group).

Peritoneal fluid indocyanine green test for diagnosis of gut leakage in anastomotic leakage rats and colorectal surgery patients.

Background: Application of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence has led to new developments in gastrointestinal surgery. However, little is known about the use of ICG for the diagnosis of postoperative gut leakage (GL). In addition, there is a lack of rapid and intuitive methods to definitively diagnose postoperative GL.

Highly Efficient Organic Solar Cells with the Highly Crystalline Third Component as a Morphology Regulator.

The morphology of the active layer is crucial for highly efficient organic solar cells (OSCs), which can be regulated by selecting a rational third component. In this work, the highly crystalline nonfullerene acceptor BTP-eC9 is selected as the morphology regulator in OSCs with PM6:BTP-BO-4Cl as the main system. The addition of BTP-eC9 can prolong the nucleation and crystallization progress of acceptor and donor molecules, thereby enhancing the order of molecular arrangement.

Innate lymphoid cell-based immunomodulatory hydrogel microspheres containing Cutibacterium acnes extracellular vesicles for the treatment of psoriasis.

Psoriasis is a chronic skin inflammation influenced by dysregulated skin microbiota, with the role of microbiota in psoriasis gaining increasing prominence. Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) serve as crucial regulators in the interaction between hosts and microbiota. However, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic potential of bEVs from commensal bacteria in psoriasis remains unclear.