Bovine surfactant in the treatment of pneumonia-induced-neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (NARDS) in neonates beyond 34 weeks of gestation: a multicentre, randomized, assessor-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Neonatal acute respiratory distress syndrome (NARDS) reflects pulmonary surfactant dysfunction, and the usage of bovine surfactant (Calsurf) supplement may therefore be beneficial. To determine whether bovine surfactant given in NARDS can improve oxygenation and survival rate, we conducted a multicenter, randomized trial between January 2018 and June 2019, and we compared Calsurf treatment to controls in neonates with pneumonia accompanied by NARDS. Neonates who met the Montreux criteria definition of NARDS were included, and those with congenital heart and lung malformations were excluded.

[Detection of CPS1 gene mutation in a neonate with carbamoyl phosphate synthetase I deficiency].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a neonate featuring hyperammonemia.

Methods: The patient was examined and tested by tandem mass spectrometry and next generation sequencing (NGS). Suspected mutations were confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the proband and her parents.

Interleukin 17 is an important pathogenicity gene in pediatric sepsis.

Objective: Sepsis represents a complex disease with the dysregulated inflammatory response. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of interleukin 17 (IL-17, also known as IL-17A) in the occurrence and development of pediatric sepsis.

Methods: We established the sepsis neonatal rat model with the method of intraperitoneal injection of Escherichia coli (E coli).