Mechanisms Underlying the Therapeutic Effects of Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction in Treating Asthma Based on GEO Datasets, Network Pharmacology, Experimental Validation, and Molecular Docking.

Purpose: The Yiqi Wenyang Huwei Decoction (YWHD) is an herbal formula frequently utilized to treat asthma. Despite its wide usage, the specific mechanism of action remains unknown. Through an in-depth investigation utilizing network pharmacology, molecular docking techniques, and experimental validation, this study aims to uncover the molecular mechanism and material basis of YWHD in the treatment of asthma.

Senolytic therapy is neuroprotective and improves functional outcome long-term after traumatic brain injury in mice.

Introduction: Chronic neuroinflammation can exist for months to years following traumatic brain injury (TBI), although the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood.

Methods: In the current study, we used a controlled cortical impact mouse model of TBI to examine whether proinflammatory senescent cells are present in the brain long-term (months) after TBI and whether ablation of these cells via administration of senolytic drugs can improve long-term functional outcome after TBI. The results revealed that astrocytes and microglia in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, corpus callosum and lateral posterior thalamus colocalized the senescent cell markers, p16 or p21 at 5 weeks post injury (5wpi) and 4 months post injury (4mpi) in a controlled cortical impact (CCI) model.

Recombinant human DNase-I improves acute respiratory distress syndrome via neutrophil extracellular trap degradation.

Background: Respiratory failure is the primary cause of death in patients with COVID-19, whereas coagulopathy is associated with excessive inflammation and multiorgan failure. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) may exacerbate inflammation and provide a scaffold for thrombus formation.

Objectives: The goal of this study was to determine whether degradation of NETs by recombinant human DNase-I (rhDNase), a safe, Food and Drug Administration-approved drug, reduces excessive inflammation, reverses aberrant coagulation, and improves pulmonary perfusion after experimental acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Development and Characterization of Inducible Astrocyte-Specific Aromatase Knockout Mice.

17β-estradiol (E2) is produced in the brain as a neurosteroid, in addition to being an endocrine signal in the periphery. The current animal models for studying brain-derived E include global and conditional non-inducible knockout mouse models. The aim of this study was to develop a tamoxifen (TMX)-inducible astrocyte-specific aromatase knockout mouse line (GFAP-ARO-iKO mice) to specifically deplete the E synthesis enzymes and aromatase in astrocytes after their development in adult mice.

Inflammaging, cellular senescence, and cognitive aging after traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with mortality and morbidity worldwide. Accumulating pre-clinical and clinical data suggests TBI is the leading extrinsic cause of progressive neurodegeneration. Neurological deterioration after either a single moderate-severe TBI or repetitive mild TBI often resembles dementia in aged populations; however, no currently approved therapies adequately mitigate neurodegeneration.

A prognostic 15-gene model based on differentially expressed genes among metabolic subtypes in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

The outcomes of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) vary widely, and about 40% of them could not be cured by the standard first-line treatment, R-CHOP, which could be due to the high heterogeneity of DLBCL. Here, we aim to construct a prognostic model based on the genetic signature of metabolic heterogeneity of DLBCL to explore therapeutic strategies for DLBCL patients. Clinical and transcriptomic data of one training and four validation cohorts of DLBCL were obtained from the GEO database.

Altered endocannabinoid metabolism compromises the brain-CSF barrier and exacerbates chronic deficits after traumatic brain injury in mice.

Endocannabinoids [2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) and N-arachidonoylethanolamine (AEA)], endogenously produced arachidonate-based lipids, are anti-inflammatory physiological ligands for two known cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, yet the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying their effects after brain injury are poorly defined. In the present study, we hypothesize that traumatic brain injury (TBI)-induced loss of endocannabinoids exaggerates neurovascular injury, compromises brain-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barriers (BCB) and causes behavioral dysfunction. Preliminary analysis in human CSF and plasma indicates changes in endocannabinoid levels.

Brain-Derived Estrogen and Neurological Disorders.

Astrocytes and neurons in the male and female brains produce the neurosteroid brain-derived 17β-estradiol (BDE) from androgen precursors. In this review, we discuss evidence that suggest BDE has a role in a number of neurological conditions, such as focal and global cerebral ischemia, traumatic brain injury, excitotoxicity, epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Much of what we have learned about BDE in neurological disorders has come from use of aromatase inhibitors and global aromatase knockout mice.

The influence of social and commercial pension insurance differences and social capital on the mental health of older adults-Microdata from China.

The number of older adults is rising rapidly in China. Various concerns such as chronic diseases, financial inadequacy, and a feeling of loneliness have adversely affected the mental health of older adults, and this has become an important public health and social issue. To realize healthy aging, the Nineteenth National People's Congress of China put forth the Healthy China strategy, speeding up the promotion activities of mental health and pension measures, carrying out public welfare pension insurance for the entire population, and contributing to the mental health of older adults.

Regulation and Role of Neuron-Derived Hemoglobin in the Mouse Hippocampus.

Hemoglobin (Hb) is the oxygen transport protein in erythrocytes. In blood, Hb is a tetramer consisting of two Hb-alpha (Hb-α) chains and two Hb-beta (Hb-β) chains. A number of studies have also shown that Hb-α is also expressed in neurons in both the rodent and human brain.

Neuron-Derived Estrogen-A Key Neuromodulator in Synaptic Function and Memory.

In addition to being a steroid hormone, 17β-estradiol (E) is also a neurosteroid produced in neurons in various regions of the brain of many species, including humans. Neuron-derived E (NDE) is synthesized from androgen precursors via the action of the biosynthetic enzyme aromatase, which is located at synapses and in presynaptic terminals in neurons in both the male and female brain. In this review, we discuss evidence supporting a key role for NDE as a neuromodulator that regulates synaptic plasticity and memory.

Brain-derived estrogen and neural function.

Although classically known as an endocrine signal produced by the ovary, 17β-estradiol (E) is also a neurosteroid produced in neurons and astrocytes in the brain of many different species. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the localization, regulation, sex differences, and physiological/pathological roles of brain-derived E (BDE). Much of what we know regarding the functional roles of BDE has come from studies using specific inhibitors of the E synthesis enzyme, aromatase, as well as the recent development of conditional forebrain neuron-specific and astrocyte-specific aromatase knockout mouse models.

Comprehensive landscape and interference of clonal haematopoiesis mutations for liquid biopsy: A Chinese pan-cancer cohort.

Tumour-derived DNA found in the plasma of cancer patients provides the probability to detect somatic mutations from circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma samples. However, clonal hematopoiesis (CH) mutations affect the accuracy of liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and treatment. Here, we integrated landscape of CH mutations in 11,725 pan-cancer patients of Chinese and explored effects of CH on liquid biopsies in real-world.

A Short-Term Efficacy of Anlotinib in the Treatment of Refractory Nasopharyngeal Inverted Papilloma: A Case Report.

To our knowledge, no studies have reported the use of anlotinib in the treatment of locally cancerous nasopharyngeal inverted papillomas that cannot be operated on or treated with radiotherapy. Here, we report a case of a 53-year-old woman diagnosed with recurrent local canceration of nasopharynx papilloma. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed that the right parapharyngeal space, nasopharynx, and ethmoid sinus were changed, and recurrence was considered.

Ganglioside GD3 is up-regulated in microglia and regulates phagocytosis following global cerebral ischemia.

Gangliosides, the major sialic-acid containing glycosphingolipids in the mammalian brain, play important roles in brain development and neural functions. Here, we show that the b-series ganglioside GD3 and its biosynthetic enzyme, GD3-synthase (GD3S), were up-regulated predominantly in the microglia of mouse hippocampus from 2 to 7 days following global cerebral ischemia (GCI). Interestingly, GD3S knockout (GD3S-KO) mice exhibited decreased hippocampal neuronal loss following GCI, as compared to wild-type (WT) mice.

Astrocyte-Derived Estrogen Regulates Reactive Astrogliosis and is Neuroprotective following Ischemic Brain Injury.

Expression of the 17β-estradiol (E2) synthesis enzyme aromatase is highly upregulated in astrocytes following brain injury. However, the precise role of astrocyte-derived E2 in the injured brain remains unclear. In the current study, we generated a glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) promoter-driven aromatase knock-out (GFAP-ARO-KO) mouse model to deplete astrocyte-derived E2 in the brain and determine its roles after global cerebral ischemia (GCI) in male and female mice.

Aerobic exercise attenuates neurodegeneration and promotes functional recovery - Why it matters for neurorehabilitation & neural repair.

Aerobic exercise facilitates optimal neurological function and exerts beneficial effects in neurologic injuries. Both animal and clinical studies have shown that aerobic exercise reduces brain lesion volume and improves multiple aspects of cognition and motor function after stroke. Studies using animal models have proposed a wide range of potential molecular mechanisms that underlie the neurological benefits of aerobic exercise.

Neuron-Derived Estrogen Is Critical for Astrocyte Activation and Neuroprotection of the Ischemic Brain.

17β-Estradiol (E2) is produced from androgens via the action of the enzyme aromatase. E2 is known to be made in neurons in the brain, but the functions of neuron-derived E2 in the ischemic brain are unclear. Here, we used a forebrain neuron-specific aromatase KO (FBN-ARO-KO) mouse model to deplete neuron-derived E2 in the forebrain and determine its roles after global cerebral ischemia.

Methylene blue post-treatment improves hypoxia-ischemic recovery in a neonatal rat model.

Recent work suggested that methylene blue (MB) has beneficial effects in a variety of neurological disorders, while its role in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) encephalopathy is still unclear. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of MB on HI-induced brain damage and its underlying mechanisms. The results showed that MB treatment can strongly attenuate HI-induced brain loss and neuronal damage in the cortex and hippocampus of neonatal rats.

Wideband Metamaterial Absorbers Based on Conductive Plastic with Additive Manufacturing Technology.

This paper proposes a wideband and polarization-insensitive metamaterial absorber (MA) based on tractable conductive plastic, which is compatible with an additive manufacturing technology. We provide the design, fabrication, and measurement result of the proposed absorber and investigate its absorption principle. The performance characteristics of the structure are demonstrated numerically and experimentally.

Investigation on the microstructure, mechanical properties, in vitro degradation behavior and biocompatibility of newly developed Zn-0.8%Li-(Mg, Ag) alloys for guided bone regeneration.

In order to develop a biodegradable guided bone regeneration membrane with the required mechanical properties and high corrosion resistance, Zn-0.8%Li(wt), Zn-0.8%Li-0.

Neuron-Derived Estrogen Regulates Synaptic Plasticity and Memory.

17β-estradiol (E2) is produced from androgens via the action of the enzyme aromatase. E2 is known to be made in neurons in the brain, but its precise functions in the brain are unclear. Here, we used a forebrain-neuron-specific aromatase knock-out (FBN-ARO-KO) mouse model to deplete neuron-derived E2 in the forebrain of mice and thereby elucidate its functions.

Sodium Fluoride Arrests Renal G2/M Phase Cell-Cycle Progression by Activating ATM-Chk2-P53/Cdc25C Signaling Pathway in Mice.

Background/aims: Excessive fluoride intake can induce cytotoxicity, DNA damage and cell-cycle changes in many tissues and organs, including the kidney. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of fluoride-induced renal cell-cycle changes are not well understood at present. In this study, we used a mouse model to investigate how sodium fluoride (NaF) induces cell-cycle changes in renal cells.

Mutations in Peptidoglycan Synthesis Gene Improve Electrotransformation Efficiency of ATCC 13869.

is frequently engineered to serve as a versatile platform and model microorganism. However, due to its complex cell wall structure, transformation of with exogenous DNA is inefficient. Although efforts have been devoted to improve the transformation efficiency by using cell wall-weakening agents, direct genetic engineering of cell wall synthesis for enhancing cell competency has not been explored thus far.

Photobiomodulation Therapy Attenuates Hypoxic-Ischemic Injury in a Neonatal Rat Model.

Photobiomodulation (PBM) has been demonstrated as a neuroprotective strategy, but its effect on perinatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy is still unknown. The current study was designed to shed light on the potential beneficial effect of PBM on neonatal brain injury induced by hypoxia ischemia (HI) in a rat model. Postnatal rats were subjected to hypoxic-ischemic insult, followed by a 7-day PBM treatment via a continuous wave diode laser with a wavelength of 808 nm.