Genetic polymorphisms in genes involved in the type I interferon system (STAT4 and IRF5): association with Asian SLE patients.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease with a polymorphic clinical presentation involving multisystem damages with significant differences in prevalence and disease severity among different ethnic groups. Although genetic, hormonal, and environmental factors have been demonstrated to contribute a lot to SLE, the pathogenesis of SLE is still unknown. Numerous evidence revealed that gene variants within the type I interferons (IFN) signaling pathway performed the great genetic associations with autoimmune diseases including SLE.

Transcription Factor JunB Suppresses Hepatitis C Virus Replication.

We previously reported that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection activates the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. Activation of JNK contributes to the development of liver diseases, including metabolic disorders, steatosis, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. JNK is known to have numerous target genes, including JunB, a member of activator protein-1 transcription factor family.

CpxA/R-Controlled Nitroreductase Expression as Target for Combinatorial Therapy against Uropathogens by Promoting Reactive Oxygen Species Generation.

The antibiotic resistances emerged in uropathogens lead to accumulative treatment failure and recurrent episodes of urinary tract infection (UTI), necessitating more innovative therapeutics to curb UTI before systematic infection. In the current study, the combination of amikacin and nitrofurantoin is found to synergistically eradicate Gram-negative uropathogens in vitro and in vivo. The mechanistic analysis demonstrates that the amikacin, as an aminoglycoside, induced bacterial envelope stress by introducing mistranslated proteins, thereby constitutively activating the cpxA/R two-component system (Cpx signaling).

A multicomponent gas wavelength selection method based on an absorbance mathematical model.

In order to quickly and accurately determine the optimal absorption spectra of the gases to be measured, a method for selecting the optimal wavelengths for multicomponent gases was proposed. A mathematical model of the absorbance of multicomponent gases was established, and the selection conditions of the optimal wavelengths were analyzed from the perspective of geometric significance. The best measurement spectra for the gas mixture of CO, CH and CH were determined and the gas mixture was measured using the supercontinuum laser absorption spectroscopy (SCLAS) technique, and the partial least squares (PLS) model and the least squares (LS) model were established to quantify the experimental results.

Hepatitis C Virus-Induced ROS/JNK Signaling Pathway Activates the E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Itch to Promote the Release of HCV Particles via Polyubiquitylation of VPS4A.

We previously reported that hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection activates the reactive oxygen species (ROS)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. However, the roles of ROS/JNK activation in the HCV life cycle remain unclear. We sought to identify a novel role of the ROS/JNK signaling pathway in the HCV life cycle.

Prevalence and Distribution of Rotavirus Genotypes Among Children With Acute Gastroenteritis in Areas Other Than Java Island, Indonesia, 2016-2018.

Group A rotaviruses (RVAs) are the leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, which is often associated with severe symptoms in children under 5 years old. Genetic reassortments and interspecies transmission commonly occur, resulting in a great diversity of RVA circulating in the world. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and distribution of RVA genotypes among children in Indonesia over the years 2016-2018 across representative areas of the country.

Association Between HBx Variations and Development of Severe Liver Disease Among Indonesian Patients.

Multi-site mutations in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X gene are often found in patients with advanced liver diseases such as liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. It has been reported that modifications in the X protein play crucial roles in the development of HBV-related severe liver disease. However, the prevalence of genetic variations in Indonesian strains has not been systematically assessed.

Association between quasispecies variants of hepatitis B virus, as detected by high‑throughput sequencing, and progression of advanced liver disease in Indonesian patients.

Mutations in the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X region and truncation of the preS2 region are well‑known to affect the progression of liver disease. Recently, it has been observed that an increasing number of S region quasispecies variants are associated with disease progression. However, few studies have analysed quasispecies of the whole genome using high‑throughput sequencing methods.

Early changes in quasispecies variant after antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) polymerase gene is targeted by nucleos(t)ide analogues (NUC), but it is unclear how HBV quasispecies of whole genome changes during early period of NUC treatment. To understand the unknown region of drug sensitivity and treatment resistance, HBV quasispecies of whole genome during early period of NUC treatment was examined using ultra‑deep sequencing. Eleven patients with chronic HBV infection who received NUC treatment were enrolled in the current study.

Genetic polymorphisms of HLA-DP and isolated anti-HBc are important subsets of occult hepatitis B infection in Indonesian blood donors: a case-control study.

Background: Occult hepatitis B infection (OBI) is defined as the presence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA in the serum and/or liver in HBsAg-negative individuals. OBI is associated with the risk of viral transmission, especially in developing countries, and with progressive liver disease and reactivation in immunosuppressive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relation of OBI to HLA-DP single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) encoding antigen-binding sites for the immune response to HBV infection.

Protective effects of HLA-DPA1/DPB1 variants against Hepatitis B virus infection in an Indonesian population.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DPA1/DPB1 variants have been reported to influence Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. HLA-DPA1/DPB1 plays a pivotal role in antigen presentation to CD4(+) helper T cells and influences the outcome of HBV infection. To investigate the influence of HLA-DP variants on the outcome of HBV infection in an Indonesian population where it has the third-highest prevalence of HBV infection worldwide, we performed a case-control study of 686 participants, including patients with HBV-related advanced or nonadvanced liver disease, patients with spontaneously resolved HBV, and healthy controls.

Ultradeep Sequencing for Detection of Quasispecies Variants in the Major Hydrophilic Region of Hepatitis B Virus in Indonesian Patients.

Quasispecies of hepatitis B virus (HBV) with variations in the major hydrophilic region (MHR) of the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg) can evolve during infection, allowing HBV to evade neutralizing antibodies. These escape variants may contribute to chronic infections. In this study, we looked for MHR variants in HBV quasispecies using ultradeep sequencing and evaluated the relationship between these variants and clinical manifestations in infected patients.