Study Objectives: Exploding head syndrome (EHS) is a parasomnia characterized by the perception of loud noises, or explosions inside the head during the sleep-to-wake transition. The prevalence of EHS remains unclear. This survey aimed to elucidate the prevalence of and factors associated with EHS in this cohort.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe increased risk of adverse drug reactions due to the concomitant use of antipsychotics is problematic in the treatment of schizophrenia. Therefore, the simultaneous analysis of their plasma concentrations is required. In this study, we developed a simultaneous liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for analyzing plasma antipsychotics approved in Japan for therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) applications.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Several hypotheses regarding the pathomechanisms of schizophrenia have been proposed. If schizophrenia is a unitary disease, then these pathological processes must be linked; however, if such links do not exist, schizophrenia may best be considered a group of disorders. Only a few studies have examined the relationships among these pathomechanisms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWomens Health Rep (New Rochelle)
February 2024
Background: Psychiatric interventions may be required during pregnancy. In the aspect of the management of psychiatric symptoms and the consideration of the need for pharmacotherapy, possibly to manage the effects on the fetus, pregnant women with mental disorders are considered high risk as other physical illnesses.
Objective: We investigated the characteristics of pregnant women with psychiatric disorders compared with high-risk pregnant women with physical illnesses at our university hospital and the effects of psychotropic drug use on pregnant women with mental disorders and their children.
Introduction: Auditory hallucinations are the most common type of hallucinations observed in schizophrenia; however, visual hallucinations are not uncommon. In Graves' disease, depression, hypomania, and psychosis can occur. While the association between Graves' disease and psychosis has been explored, understanding of the specific impact of thyroid dysfunction severity on psychiatric symptom severity is limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Schizophrenia patients treated with antipsychotics are at higher risk of sudden cardiac death. Decreased deceleration capacity (DC) of the heart rate is an accurate predictor of cardiac mortality. We evaluated the risk of sudden cardiac death due to antipsychotic use by assessing DC and examining the association between DC and the corrected QT interval (QTc) in schizophrenia patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlabelled: In clinical psychiatric cases, the placement of a nasogastric tube is occasionally considered. If a patient who presents with mania or other psychiatric conditions refuses to take drugs, they are administered via the nasogastric tube. The tablet is crushed, suspended, passed via the nasogastric line, and reaches the stomach directly.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Lack of social support is associated with depression, anxiety, and insomnia. This study aimed to determine the source of support related to depression, anxiety, and insomnia among Japanese workers.
Methods: As part of a cohort study, we conducted a questionnaire survey among city government employees in Koka City, Shiga Prefecture, Japan, from September 2021 to March 2022.
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate depression prevalence and depression-related symptoms among patients with isolated/idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). We systematically searched online databases (PubMed and Scopus), performed meta-analyses of psychiatric symptoms prevalence using a random-effects model, and calculated 95% prediction intervals (PIs) and I values to evaluate the degree of heterogeneity. We conducted a meta-regression analysis to assess the relationship between psychiatric symptom severity, age at diagnosis, and disease duration from onset of iRBD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: There is little evidence on the effects of antipsychotic polypharmacy on metabolic parameters in patients with schizophrenia. Thus, this cross-sectional study explored the associations between the number of antipsychotics prescribed and metabolic parameters in Japanese patients with schizophrenia.
Methods: We obtained metabolic parameter data from 19,675 patients with schizophrenia.
Background: It is unclear whether the toe grip force (TGF) of the dominant foot (DF) and the lower limb function asymmetry (LLFA) in older adults are associated with fall risk. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of lower limb properties (such as TGF, muscle strength, and plantar sensation) on the risk of falls in older adults, while considering the foot dominance and asymmetry of lower limb function.
Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study.
Int J Environ Res Public Health
February 2022
Background: Examining the relationship between sleep and depression may be important for understanding the aetiology of affective disorders. Most studies that use electroencephalography (EEG) to objectively assess sleep have been conducted using polysomnography in the laboratory. Impaired sleep continuity, including prolonged sleep latency and changes in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, have been reported to be associated with depression in clinical settings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: Minor hallucinations (MH) are psychotic symptoms that can occur anywhere between prodromal to early Parkinson's disease and after onset of motor problems. MH include visual illusions, presence hallucinations, and passage hallucinations. Isolated rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is a harbinger of neurodegenerative diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is used to treat major depressive disorder (MDD). Relapse is often observed even after successful ECT, followed by adequate pharmaceutical treatment for MDD.
Aim: To investigate the diagnostic factors and treatment strategies associated with depression relapse.
Background: The pathology underlying exploding head syndrome, a parasomnia causing a loud sound/sense of explosion, is not well understood. Kappa rhythm is a type of electroencephalogram alpha band activity with maximum potential between contralateral temporal electrodes We report a case of preceding kappa activity before exploding head syndrome attacks.
Case Report: A 57-year-old woman complained of explosive sounds for 2 months; a loud sound would transpire every day before sleep onset.
Although standing plantar perception training (SPPT) may improve standing postural stability, the underlying neural mechanisms remain unclear. The authors investigated the relationship between regional cortical responses to SPPT using a balance pad and training outcomes in 32 older participants (mean ± SD:72.2 ± 6.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Antipsychotic drugs have been implicated as risk factors for QT prolongation, which is a predictor of sudden cardiac death. However, the QT interval is considered an imperfect marker for proarrhythmic risk. Recently, improved methods, namely, QT dispersion (QTD), QTD ratio (QTDR), T wave peak-to-end interval (Tp-e), Tp-e/QT ratio and Tp-e/QTc ratio, have been regarded as proarrhythmic risk markers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA number of scholarly reports have shown the importance of mental health care during pregnancy, especially for women with mental disorders. Nevertheless, the postpartum mortality rate due to mental disorders has been a serious issue in Japan. Therefore, since January 2015, our hospital has implemented a liaison system in which one psychiatric nurse specialist contributes to perinatal care.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrthostatic hypotension (OH) caused by autonomic dysfunction is a common symptom in older people and patients with idiopathic rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (iRBD). The orthostatic challenge test is a standard autonomic function test that measures a decrease of blood pressure during a postural change from supine to standing positions. Although previous studies have reported that changes in heart rate variability (HRV) are associated with autonomic dysfunction, no study has investigated the relationship between HRV before standing and the occurrence of OH in an orthostatic challenge test.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Reliable and easy screening for metabolic syndrome (MetS) is important for patients with schizophrenia. The aim of this study was to assess the predictive utility of body mass index (BMI) for MetS among patients with schizophrenia in Japan.
Methods: In total, 8468 patients (4705 males, 3763 females) with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition (DSM-IV), or the International Classification of Diseases, tenth revision (ICD-10), were assessed for MetS using the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (ATP III-A).
Background: Hyperprolactinemia is a troublesome adverse effect of antipsychotics. Aripiprazole (ARP), which is one of second-generation antipsychotics, has been reported to lower serum prolactin (PRL) levels. However, few studies have compared the effect of ARP on plasma PRL levels between monopharmacy and polypharmacy with antipsychotics.
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