Comparative study on the inhibitory effects of antioxidant vitamins and radon on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy.

We have previously reported that radon inhalation activates anti-oxidative functions and inhibits carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced hepatopathy. It has also been reported that antioxidant vitamins can inhibit CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy. In the current study, we examined the comparative efficacy of treatment with radon, ascorbic acid and α-tocopherol on CCl(4)-induced hepatopathy.

Comparative study on the inhibitory effects of α-tocopherol and radon on carbon tetrachloride-induced renal damage.

Since the 2011 nuclear accident in Fukushima, the effects of low-dose irradiation, especially internal exposure, are at the forefront of everyone's attention. However, low-dose radiation induced various stimulating effects such as activation of antioxidative and immune functions. In this study, we attempted to evaluate the quantitative effects of the activation of antioxidative activities in kidney induced by radon inhalation on carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced renal damage.

Ultrafast delocalization of cationic states in poly(N-vinylcarbazole) solid leading to carrier photogeneration.

Femtosecond measurements of the transient dichroism and near-IR time-resolved spectra revealed the ultrafast delocalization of the cationic state in poly(N-vinylcarbazole), leading to carrier photogeneration.

Implications of arterial anatomy in patients with cancer of the periampullary region.

Background/aims: Preoperative information on arterial anatomy in the peripancreatic and hepatic areas is valuable to any surgeon performing pancreatoduodenectomy.

Methodology: Between 1994 and 1998, 49 patients with periampullary cancer (31 distal bile duct and 18 ampullary tumors) underwent visceral angiography and radical pancreatoduodenectomy with lymphadenectomy. Surgically "significant" arterial variations and their effects on operative management and results were examined retrospectively.

Double duct-to-mucosa pancreaticojejunostomy for bifid pancreatic duct.

We report a pancreaticojejunostomy with double duct-to-mucosa anastomotic technique after pyloruspreserving pancreaticoduodenectomy for chronic pancreatitis with bifid pancreatic duct. A 49-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed preoperatively as having chronic pancreatitis with common bile duct stricture and pseudocyst of the pancreatic head. In a pancreaticoduodenectomy, the main pancreatic duct (7mm in diameter) and a secondary pancreatic duct (4mm in diameter) were identified intraoperatively at the transected surface.

Lymphatic spread differs according to tumor location in extrahepatic bile duct cancer.

Background/aims: Identification of nodal involvement according to primary tumor location in extrahepatic bile duct carcinoma may guide surgical therapy.

Methodology: Pathologic data of 81 patients who underwent curative operation for bile duct carcinoma were studied to clarify the differences in lymphatic spread from distal bile duct carcinoma, middle bile duct carcinoma, and proximal bile duct carcinoma.

Results: Lymph node metastases were present in 25 of 41 patients (61%) with distal bile duct carcinoma, 9 of 19 (47%) with middle bile duct carcinoma, and 11 of 21 (52%) with proximal bile duct carcinoma.

Indications for pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for gastric cancer based on lymph node metastasis.

Background/aims: It is necessary to study the relation between lymph node metastasis in the suprapyloric or lesser curvature regions and clinicopathologic findings in order to determine the indications for pylorus-preserving gastrectomy.

Methodology: We reviewed all pertinent data from the cases of 109 patients with gastric cancer located mainly in the middle third of the stomach focusing particularly on status of lymph node metastasis and clinicopathologic findings. All patients had been treated by conventional gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection (D2 or D3).

Staging with helical computed tomography and laparoscopy in pancreatic head cancer.

Background/aims: Helical computed tomography provides valuable information about extent of pancreatic cancer. However, it remains difficult to detect small distant metastases. Laparoscopic examination is becoming standard for cancer staging.

Prognostic factors after pancreatoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy for distal bile duct cancer.

Background: Since 1995, we have been performing pancreatoduodenectomy with regional and para-aortic lymph node dissection for patients with distal bile duct cancer. Prognostic indicators after extended lymphadenectomy have not been fully understood.

Hypothesis: Pancreatoduodenectomy with extended lymphadenectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy is the treatment of choice for patients with distal bile duct cancer.