Two placebo-controlled, randomized withdrawal studies to evaluate the fentanyl 1 day patch in opioid-naïve patients with chronic pain.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of fentanyl 1 day patch in opioid-naïve patients with non-cancer chronic pain insufficiently relieved by non-opioid analgesics.

Research Design And Methods: Two phase III placebo-controlled, double-blind, group-comparison, randomized withdrawal studies were conducted in patients with osteoarthritis and/or low back pain (N01 study) and post-herpetic neuralgia, complex regional pain syndrome, or chronic postoperative pain (N02) in Japan. Both studies consisted of period I (10-29 days of titration, fentanyl 12.

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system methylphenidate HCl in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in Japan.

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of osmotic-controlled release oral delivery system (OROS) methylphenidate (MPH) HCl in adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).

Methods: In this study, 284 adults with ADHD were randomized to OROS MPH or placebo. During the 4-week titration period, patients were titrated from a starting dose of 18 mg once daily to an individually-optimized dose of up to 72 mg once daily in weekly 18-mg increments.

ERK1/2 phosphorylate GEF-H1 to enhance its guanine nucleotide exchange activity toward RhoA.

Rho GTPases play an essential role in the regulation of many cellular processes. Although various guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) are involved in the activation of Rho GTPases, the precise mechanism regulating such activity remains unclear. We have examined whether ERK1/2 are involved in the phosphorylation of GEF-H1, a GEF toward RhoA, to modulate its activity.