Difference in carcinogenicities of two different vapor grown carbon fibers with different physicochemical characteristics induced by intratracheal instillation in rats.

Background: Carbon fibers are high aspect ratio structures with diameters on the submicron scale. Vapor grown carbon fibers are contained within multi-walled carbon tubes, with VGCF™-H commonly applied as a conductive additive in lithium-ion batteries. However, several multi-walled carbon fibers, including MWNT-7, have been reported to induce lung carcinogenicity in rats.

Lung toxicity of a vapor-grown carbon fiber in comparison with a multi-walled carbon nanotube in F344 rats.

Carbon fibers have excellent physicochemical and electrical properties. Vapor-grown carbon fibers are a type of carbon fibers that have a multi-walled carbon tube structure with a high aspect ratio. The representative vapor-grown carbon fiber, VGCF-H, is extremely strong and stable and has superior thermal and electrical conductivity.

Comparison of the effects of multiwall carbon nanotubes on the epithelial cells and macrophages.

Effects of two kinds of multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) on cells were examined. The effects of MWNT-7, which has been reported to be carcinogenic, and MWCNT-B, whose toxicity is unclear, were examined in both epithelial cells and macrophages. Human lung carcinoma A549 cells were used as representative epithelial cells and differentiated human monocyte THP-1 cells, as well as rat pulmonary macrophages NR8383, were employed to examine possible harmful effects of the MWCNTs.

Effect of iron overload from multi walled carbon nanotubes on neutrophil-like differentiated HL-60 cells.

Multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) are one of the most intensively explored nanomaterials because of their unique physical and chemical properties. Due to the widespread use of MWCNTs, it is important to investigate their effects on human health. The precise mechanism of MWCNT toxicity has not been fully elucidated.

Trisomy 6 as the sole stemline abnormality in a patient with acute monocytic leukemia: a case report.

It is rare for trisomy 6 to occur as the sole autosomal anomaly in hematological malignancies, but this finding has been reported to be associated with a hypoplastic bone marrow. We report the case of a 75-year-old male with acute monocytic leukemia, in which trisomy 6 was detected as the sole stemline abnormality. We also summarize the 26 published cases of acute myeloid leukemia involving isolated trisomy 6.

Design and synthesis of a photoaromatization-based two-stage photobase generator for pitch division lithography.

The synthesis of a two-stage photobase generator (PBG) based on photoinduced aromatization is described. This material was designed for use in resolution-enhanced photolithography. Computer modeling predicts that a delay in the onset of base generation can lead to improved image quality.

Study of a two-stage photobase generator for photolithography in microelectronics.

The investigation of the photochemistry of a two-stage photobase generator (PBG) is described. Absorption of a photon by a latent PBG (1) (first step) produces a PBG (2). Irradiation of 2 in the presence of water produces a base (second step).

Application of the improved BALB/c 3T3 cell transformation assay to the examination of the initiating and promoting activities of chemicals: the second interlaboratory collaborative study by the non-genotoxic carcinogen study group of Japan.

The Non-genotoxic Carcinogen Study Group in the Environmental Mutagen Society of Japan organised the second step of the inter-laboratory collaborative study on one-stage and two-stage cell transformation assays employing BALB/c 3T3 cells, with the objective of confirming whether the respective laboratories could independently produce results relevant to initiation or promotion. The method was modified to use a medium consisting of DMEM/F12 supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum and a mixture of insulin, transferrin, ethanolamine and sodium selenite, at the stationary phase of cell growth. Seventeen laboratories collaborated in this study, and each chemical was tested by three to five laboratories.

Rh-catalyzed [4 + 2] carbocyclization of vinylarylaldehydes with alkenes and alkynes leading to substituted tetralones and 1-naphthols.

Regio-, diastereo-, and enantioselective intermolecular [4 + 2] carbocyclizations of vinylarylaldehydes with alkenes and alkynes leading to substituted tetralones and 1-naphthols have been developed by using a cationic rhodium(I)/dppb or dppp complex as a catalyst.

Direct intermolecular hydroacylation of N,N-dialkylacrylamides with aldehydes catalyzed by a cationic rhodium(I)/dppb complex.

[structure: see text]. A cationic rhodium(I)/dppb complex catalyzed direct intermolecular hydroacylation of N,N-dialkylacrylamides with both aliphatic and aromatic aldehydes has been achieved through the stabilization of acylrhodium intermediates by alkene chelation to rhodium. This method represents a versatile new route to gamma-ketoamides in view of the high atom economy and commercial availability of substrates.