Inhalation and intravenous studies of UF6/UO2F2 in dogs.

Nineteen UF6/UO2F2 inhalation studies were undertaken in purebred, female beagle dogs (N = 16) to examine inter alia, (a) the possible relations of exposure, whole body, lung and renal uranium levels to excretion rates; (b) the threshold U6+ dose and renal concentration for renal injury; (c) the distribution and retention functions for U6+ in major tissues; (d) biochemical indicators of renal injury; and (e) aspects of U-induced tolerance. Each of these issues was investigated in the context of the chemical toxicity of U6+ following brief exposures to 235UO2F2 in the presence or absence of HF (the decomposition products of 235UF6). Both gamma-(235U) and alpha-(234U) counting methods were applied.

The disposition of coal dusts in the lungs and tracheobronchial lymph nodes of dogs.

The pulmonary disposition, histopathology and lymphatic uptake of anthracite (Tamaqua) and bituminous (Lower Kittaning) coal dusts were measured as part of a pulmonary retention study which revealed a mean half-time of 1.92 years in dogs (Morrow et al. 1981).

Effects in the liver of methylene chloride inhaled alone and with ethyl alcohol.

When high concentrations of methylene chloride in combination with high concentrations of ethanol were inhaled for one day by guinea pigs, the extent of the hepatic damage induced suggested an antagonism between the effects of the two agents. However, exposure for five days to approximately 500 ppm of methylene chloride plus high concentrations of ethanol suggested ethanol may potentiate the effects of methylene chloride.

Plasma protein turnover and tissue exchange; influence of dietary protein and protein depletion.

The rate of plasma protein turnover is more rapid in dogs receiving adequate dietary protein than when a diet devoid of protein is fed. Both albumin and combined globulins are involved in this change. The difference in turnover is reflected in a total protein half-life of 4.

Depletion of reserve protein from extravascular extracellular fluid; C14 labeling of plasma proteins in dogs after plasmapheresis.

During protein depletion produced by plasmapheresis and a very low protein diet there is a proportionately greater decrease in extravascular, extracellular fluid protein than in plasma protein. A shift in the normal ratio of protein in these 2 compartments, approximately 1 to 1 in the dog, to over 2 to 1 as a result of depletion indicates an important, labile source of reserve protein for the plasma in the interstitial fluids. This reserve source is limited since a maximum drop of 50 per cent in the total exchangeable pool and of 75 per cent in the extravascular, extracellular protein occurred after both shorter and longer periods of depletion.

Red cell stroma and hemoglobin metabolism in anemic dogs; regeneration of red cell proteins labeled with C14 lysine.

Red cell stroma protein and hemoglobin can be labeled by feeding C(14) lysine during periods of active blood regeneration following anemia. Stroma proteins are produced and a maximum concentration of the C(14) label appears 2 to 3 days earlier than with hemoglobin,-which is to say that stroma building precedes hemoglobin construction. The concentration of isotope in stroma protein may exceed its concentration in hemoglobin during regeneration following anemia due to blood loss.

The placenta and protein metabolism; transfer studies using carbon 14-labeled proteins in dogs.

Plasma proteins tagged in vivo by feeding D-L-lysine-epsilon-C(14) to donor dogs have been administered to pregnant dogs by both oral and intravenous routes. A relatively small percentage of the C(14) activity originally incorporated in these proteins is found to pass from mother to fetus after intravenous injection. The amount transferred tends to increase with the length of gestation period and total number of fetuses.

Inflammation and protein metabolism studies of carbon-14-labeled proteins in dogs with sterile abscesses.

Carbon-14-labeled plasma proteins given by mouth to dogs with sterile abscesses undergo decreased absorption, presumably owing to impaired digestion of protein. The turnover of plasma albumin is greatly accelerated but the globulins, excluding fibrinogen, show little change during the acute stage of the sterile inflammation. Fibrinogen shows very rapid production and utilization during acute inflammation.