Publications by authors named "Yuichiro Nasu"

: We aimed to determine the trends over time and current status of early -uninfected gastric cancer (HpUIGC) treatment in a region with an aging population. : This retrospective, multi-center observational study was conducted at seven major general hospitals in Kagoshima Prefecture. From January 2009 to July 2022, 2091 patients who received endoscopic resection (ER) for early gastric cancer (EGC) were retrospectively enrolled, of which 35 were identified as early HpUIGC cases.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • A 75-year-old woman was diagnosed with clinical stage III lung cancer and received chemoradiotherapy followed by durvalumab, an immune checkpoint inhibitor, which led to liver dysfunction classified as a grade 3 adverse event.
  • Subsequent hospitalization revealed liver injury linked to immune-related adverse effects, with a liver biopsy showing features similar to autoimmune hepatitis, particularly the presence of specific lymphocyte infiltration.
  • Pulse steroid therapy was initiated to address the liver dysfunction, highlighting the challenges of managing adverse effects from immune checkpoint inhibitors, particularly as their use is on the rise in cancer treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hyperammonemia is often experienced as a complication of liver cirrhosis, but it is not well known that hyperammonemic encephalopathy is induced by urease-splitting bacteria in the urinary tract. We report two cases of hyperammonemia in two women in their 80s with liver cirrhosis. Both cases were treated as hepatic encephalopathy with usual treatment, but there was no improvement.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background And Aims: Hexanoyl (Hx:C6) group-modified alkaline-treated gelatin porous film (HAG) is a newly developed degradable hydrogel characterized by strong adhesiveness and high affinity for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of HAG sheets on the healing process of post-endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) porcine gastric artificial ulcers.

Methods: (1) To evaluate the adhesiveness of HAG sheets over time, we performed ESD to create 1 artificial ulcer and covered the lesion with 1 HAG sheet using 1 miniature swine.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • Gallbladder neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC) is a rare form of gallbladder cancer that was diagnosed pre-surgery using a special imaging technique called somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS).
  • A 63-year-old man had thickening of the gallbladder walls detected through an abdominal ultrasound, leading to further imaging that confirmed potential cancer, yet it didn't fit the usual cancer profiles.
  • After surgery, the tumor was identified as small cell NEC, and tests showed it had unique characteristics, suggesting that SRS could be a helpful tool for diagnosing this type of cancer before surgery.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

 Recent studies recommend histological mucosal healing of intestinal tissue as a treatment goal in ulcerative colitis (UC). Linked-color imaging (LCI) is a new endoscopy system that enhances the color differences of the gastrointestinal mucosa. We investigated the efficacy of LCI in the evaluation of intestinal activity, including the histological activity in UC.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

An 87-year-old bedridden woman developed intestinal obstruction caused by an enterolith or bezoar. Since the patient refused surgery, we administered 1,000 mL/day of cola via an ileus tube to dissolve the stone. Occlusion of the small intestine disappeared on day 6.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Rationale: Minimally invasive surgery is used to treat early colorectal tumors. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for resection of tumors extending above the dentate line (particularly those with concomitant hemorrhoids) is technically difficult. We present a case of a patient with a lower rectal adenoma extending above the dentate line, which underwent combined ESD and transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS) to achieve accurate excision and prevent complications.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background/aims: Esophageal mucosal damage often causes scar tissue, leading to refractory stricture. The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) on esophageal mucosal repair and fibrosis leading to stricture in a rat model of esophageal ulcer.

Methods: Esophageal ulcers were induced in rats by topical exposure of the lower esophageal serosa to acetic acid, followed by intraperitoneal administration of HGF (200 µg/day) using an osmotic pump for 7 days.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

A 65-year-old man underwent subtotal gastrectomy for advanced gastric cancer. The histological type of the cancer was signet-ring cell carcinoma, and the clinical stage was stage IB (T2N0M0). Three years after surgery, the patient had the following symptoms:dysphagia, odynophagia, and weight loss.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • The study evaluates the effectiveness of liquid-based cytology (LBC) compared to conventional Papanicolaou smear (CPS) for diagnosing malignancies in solid pancreatic lesions obtained through endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA).
  • A cohort of 126 patients was analyzed, showing that LBC significantly outperformed CPS in both diagnostic sensitivity and accuracy for detecting pancreatic cancer, particularly for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC).
  • It was found that smaller tumors (≤20 mm) and certain types of malignant tumors other than PDAC were more likely to be misdiagnosed with LBC, emphasizing challenges in diagnosing these cases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) not only have antimicrobial properties, but also exert multiple immunomodulatory effects depending on the concentration used. We have previously demonstrated that the intraperitoneal administration of high-dose HNP-1 (100 µg/day) aggravates murine dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, suggesting a potential pro-inflammatory role for HNPs at high concentrations. However, the role of low physiological concentrations of HNPs in the intestinal tract remains largely unknown.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Metabolic syndrome based on insulin resistance (IR) and hypertension is a risk factor for advanced liver disease and cardiovascular disease in patients with nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). The present study investigated the effects of severe hypertension induced by a high‑salt (HS) diet and antihypertensive therapy on the pathophysiological condition of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) with steatohepatitis. Steatohepatitis was induced using a choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined diet (CDAA).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • - This study investigated the usefulness of fecal human neutrophil peptides (F-HNP) as a non-invasive marker for assessing intestinal inflammation in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).
  • - It involved 70 participants, including those with ulcerative colitis (UC), Crohn's disease (CD), and non-IBD controls, and found that F-HNP levels were significantly higher in IBD patients than in controls.
  • - The results showed that F-HNP levels correlated well with disease activity and endoscopic findings, particularly in UC patients, suggesting F-HNP is effective for monitoring disease status.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Human neutrophil peptides (HNPs) are antimicrobial peptides produced predominantly by neutrophils. We have previously reported that HNP 1-3 levels are increased in the sera and plasma of patients with active ulcerative colitis. The increased expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) has also been demonstrated in the colonic mucosa of patients with active ulcerative colitis.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) enables wider tumor resection compared with endoscopic mucosal resection and en bloc resection of superficial esophageal neoplasms. However, ESD may cause difficult-to-treat stricture of the esophagus, and therefore, prediction of and measures against postoperative esophageal stricture are critical. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ESD on superficial esophageal neoplasms and identify risk factors associated with esophageal stricture after ESD.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF
Article Synopsis
  • An 89-year-old man with difficult-to-manage diabetes was found to have primary squamous cell carcinoma of the duodenum after investigation in the hospital.
  • Following two rounds of chemotherapy, tests showed that the tumor had disappeared, with no signs of recurrence after 19 months.
  • The case indicates that chemotherapy, particularly with TS-1, could be a promising treatment option for patients with unresectable duodenal squamous cell carcinoma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Background: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) is essential for epithelial restitution, a process in which epithelial cells rapidly migrate to cover desquamated epithelium after mucosal injury in the gastrointestinal tract. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the HGF-mediated reconstitution of gastric epithelial structures by analyzing the expression and subcellular dynamics of tight junction proteins.

Methods: We treated human gastric epithelial MKN74 cells with HGF, and examined the effects of HGF on cell migration and proliferation, and the expression and subcellular dynamics of tight junction proteins; as well, we investigated the effect of HGF on paracellular permeability to macromolecules (using fluorescein isothiocyanate [FITC]-dextran).

View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Hepatic steatosis (HS) has a negative effect on liver regeneration, but different pathophysiologies of HS may lead to different outcomes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fructose (66% fructose; H-fruc), high fat (54% fat; H-fat), or control chow diet for 4 weeks. Based on hepatic triglyceride content and oil red O staining, HS developed in the H-fruc group, but was less severe compared to the H-fat group.

View Article and Find Full Text PDF