Chemoradiotherapy and Lymph Node Metastasis Affect Dendritic Cell Infiltration and Maturation in Regional Lymph Nodes of Laryngeal Cancer.

Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most specialized antigen-presenting cells, and lymph nodes (LNs) play an important role in the DC-mediated T-cell response. We evaluated the infiltration of CD1a-positive DCs (CD1a-DCs), i.e.

Cetuximab Plus Concurrent Radiotherapy in Patients With Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Several reports have evaluated the efficacy and safety of concurrent radiotherapy with cetuximab (BRT) in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Combination therapy with cetuximab can be a treatment option for NPC. Although clinical data regarding the efficacy and safety of BRT without induction chemotherapy (ICT) or adjuvant chemotherapy is essential for the development of new therapeutic strategies, such data are rarely reported.

Collision tumor of a papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma: a case report.

Background: Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (FTC) are common differentiated thyroid cancers, but the detection of a collision tumor is an extremely rare event.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 69-year-old Japanese female with multiple cervical lymph node swellings and a thyroid tumor. Preoperative fine needle aspiration cytology of the enlarged lymph node revealed a cytological diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).

Cerebellar Abscess Induced by Cochlear Fistula due to Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.

Cochlear fistulas with cholesteatoma as the primary disease have been reported frequently in the relevant literature. However, there are no reports of cochlear fistula without cholesteatoma due to chronic suppurative otitis media with intracranial complications. We report a case of cochlear fistula due to chronic otitis media that was diagnosed after the onset of a cerebellar abscess.

WPOI-4/5 Correlates With Lymph Node Recurrence and Poor Prognosis in Early-stage Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Neck management in patients with early-stage tongue cancer remains controversial. The worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) of the primary tumor has been associated with the incidence of regional metastasis. We investigated the prognostic role of WPOI, especially in relation to regional lymph node recurrence and disease-specific survival (DSS).

Induction Chemotherapy With 5-Fluorouracil, Cisplatin, and Cetuximab in Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Background/aim: Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with high-dose cisplatin has become the standard of care for larynx preservation in patients with locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (LA-SCCHN). However, the long-term results are unsatisfactory. Induction chemotherapy (ICT) with docetaxel/cisplatin/5-fluorouracil (TPF) is associated with hematologic toxicity, and a safer therapy with comparable efficacy is desired.

Effectiveness and safety of weekly paclitaxel and cetuximab as a salvage chemotherapy following immune checkpoint inhibitors for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A multicenter clinical study.

Objectives: The benefit of sequential therapy after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment for recurrent or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (R/M HNSCC) has been recently reported. Furthermore, there is a growing interest in the impact of cetuximab (Cmab)-containing salvage chemotherapy (SCT) and the therapeutic efficacy and adverse events (AEs) of Cmab administration prior to ICI administration.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 52 patients with R/M HNSCC treated with SCT (weekly paclitaxel [PTX], n = 7, or weekly PTX and Cmab [PC], n = 45).

Real-world Experience With Pembrolizumab for Advanced-stage Head and Neck Cancer Patients: A Retrospective, Multicenter Study.

Background/aim: This study investigated the effectiveness of pembrolizumab with or without chemotherapy on advanced-stage head and neck cancer (HNC), including nasopharyngeal, sinonasal cavity and external auditory canal cancer, in a real-world setting.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected data from 97 HNC patients who were treated with pembrolizumab alone (n=60) or with chemotherapy (n=37), and we investigated the association between clinicopathological findings and treatment response or prognosis.

Results: Patients treated with pembrolizumab and chemotherapy had a 1-year overall survival (OS) of 72.

Retrospective Study of Cisplatin/Carboplatin, 5-Fluorouracil Plus Cetuximab (EXTREME) for Advanced-stage Salivary Gland Cancer.

Background/aim: Surgery remains the standard treatment for salivary gland carcinoma (SGC). Our study investigated the association between epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) status in recurrent/metastatic SGC and the effectiveness of treatment with cisplatin/carboplatin and 5-fluorouracil plus cetuximab (EXTREME).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively collected 19 SGCs from patients treated with the EXTREME regimen.

Infiltration of CD1a-positive dendritic cells in advanced laryngeal cancer correlates with unfavorable outcomes post-laryngectomy.

Background: The prognosis of advanced laryngeal cancer is unfavorable despite advances in multidisciplinary therapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) play a central role in antitumor immunity. Tumor-infiltrating CD1a DCs have been reported to be associated with clinical outcomes in carcinomas of various organs, but the clinical impact of CD1a DCs in laryngeal cancer remains to be unequivocally established.

Evaluation of olfactory dysfunction to estimate the presence of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis in patients with asthma.

Background: Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) is often complicated by asthma and can be difficult to diagnose. This study aimed to clarify the usefulness of the self-administered odor questionnaire (SAOQ) and visual analog scale (VAS) to identify olfactory disorders in patients with asthma.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on patients with asthma who were referred to the Otolaryngology clinic between May and September 2018.

Didactic surgical experience of thyroid metastasis from renal cell carcinoma: A case report.

Background: The optimal therapeutic strategy in treating thyroid metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has not been clearly established. Here we describe a case of didactic surgical experience of the disease which caused massive intraoperative bleeding.

Case Summary: A 59-year-old male patient presented with a thyroid left lobe soft mass detected by chest computed tomography scans prior to the surgical treatment of RCC of the left kidney.

Dental and oropharyngeal lesions in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis.

Objective: In this study, we evaluated pathological changes in the tooth and pharynx of GERD rats to elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and oral and pharyngeal diseases.

Methods: An experimental rat model of chronic acid reflux esophagitis was surgically created. The oral cavities were observed histologically every 2 weeks until 20 weeks after surgery.

Difficulty in the Cytodiagnosis of Mammary Analogue Secretory Carcinoma: Survey of 109 Cytologists with a Case Originating from a Minor Salivary Gland.

Background: Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma (MASC) of the salivary gland shows morphologic similarities and shares an immunophenotype and characteristic ETV6-NTRK3 translocation with secretory carcinoma of the breast. We present a buccal case of MASC along with a survey-based debate about its cytologic diagnosis by fine-needle aspiration (FNA).

Case: FNA of the buccal nodule of a 58-year-old Japanese man was initially performed by 3 cytologists who gave different assessments of the Papanicolaou classification (i.

Experimental pulmonary fibrosis in rats with chronic gastric acid reflux esophagitis.

Objective: To elucidate the association between gastric acid reflux and respiratory diseases by studying the histological changes of the lower airway in rats with chronic acid reflux esophagitis.

Methods: An experimental rat model of chronic acid reflux esophagitis was surgically created. The lower airways of these rats were histologically observed for more than 50 weeks.

Laryngeal granuloma in experimental rats with gastroesophageal reflux disease and mechanically injured vocal cord mucosa.

Objective: This study was undertaken to elucidate the mechanisms underlying laryngeal granuloma formation in a rat model of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with mechanically injured vocal cord mucosa.

Methods: The rat model of GERD was surgically created by tying the pyloric sphincter and ligating the transitional region between the forestomach and the glandular portion (limiting ridge). The control rats received only a midline incision.

Innate immune reactions in locally limited tonsillar cancer.

Tonsillar cancers often present as locally limited tumors but with cervical metastases. When the primary tumors of tonsillar cancers with cervical metastases are as small as clinically occult, the clinical features are diagnosed as primary-unknown cervical metastases. However, little is known as to why small tonsillar cancers establish cervical metastases.

A case of typical carcinoid of the larynx.

We report herein a rare case of typical carcinoid occurring primarily in the epiglottis. The patient was a 70-year-old man. On initial examination, a polypoid lesion with irregular surface near the center right-hand side of the laryngeal surface of the epiglottis was observed, and a biopsy was performed.

Pathological characteristics of the epiglottis relevant to acute epiglottitis.

Objective: The characteristic swelling of acute epiglottitis is thought to be caused by histological factors in the epiglottis. We investigated the relationships between histological findings and the pathology of acute epiglottitis.

Methods: We examined 23 autopsy cases.

[A comparative study of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with S-1 or CDDP for pharyngeal or laryngeal cancer].

Adverse events and therapeutic effects were analyzed in patients with pharyngeal or advanced laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas(SCCs)receiving concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with S-1 or weekly CDDP between 2004 and 2007. Low-dose CDDP (25 mg/m2) was administered once a week and S-1 (65 mg/m2) was administered for 3 weeks with one-week rest during conventional radiation with 2 Gy/fraction. Both of the two CCRT regimens showed little toxicity with grade 4 toxicities in less than 5%of the patients.

Relationship between squamous cell carcinoma antigen and the clinical severity of allergic rhinitis caused by Dermatophagoides farinae and Japanese cedar pollen.

Objectives: Allergic rhinitis is known to be related to the Th2-type immune response, but no sensitive biomarker of severity yet exists. Serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA) is clinically used as a popular tumor biomarker. We have demonstrated that SCCA is related to allergic diseases such as asthma.

Coccoid Helicobacter pylori exists in the palatine tonsils of patients with IgA nephropathy.

Purpose: Helicobacter pylori infection is acquired by oral ingestion. H. pylori has been reported to be present in the palatine tonsils.