A Case of COVID-19-Associated Pediatric Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Shock Managed by Cytokine Filtration.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) after COVID-19 has been recognized as a complication arising due to cytokine storm. Several management strategies including intravenous immunoglobulin and immunomodulators have been reported. This case report highlights the use of a cytokine filter (oXiris®) in the management of MIS-C.

gene of isolated from 2016 to 2019 and relationship between genotyping and macrolide resistance in Hokkaido, Japan.

We characterized 515 specimens in Hokkaido. In 2013 and 2014, the gene type 1 strain, mostly macrolide-resistant, was dominant and the prevalence of macrolide resistance was over 50 %. After 2017, the gene type 2 lineage, mostly macrolide-sensitive, increased and the prevalence of macrolide resistance became 31.

Therapeutic efficacy of azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin against macrolide-resistant and macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in pediatric patients.

Objective: To clarify therapeutic effects of azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin against macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MRMP) pneumonia and against macrolide-sensitive Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MSMP) pneumonia in pediatric patients.

Methods: A prospective, multicenter observational study was conducted from July 2013 to August 2015. The therapeutic effects of azithromycin, clarithromycin, minocycline and tosufloxacin were evaluated in 59 patients with pneumonia caused by MRMP and in 50 patients with pneumonia caused by MSMP.

Optimal step-down approach for pediatric asthma controlled by salmeterol/fluticasone: A randomized, controlled trial (OSCAR study).

Background: Several guidelines, including the Japanese Pediatric Guideline for the Treatment and Management of Asthma (JPGL), recommend salmeterol/fluticasone combination therapy (SFC) as step 3 to 4 treatment for moderate to severe asthma. However, the optimal step-down approach to SFC remains unclear. In the current study, we examined step-down approaches in asthmatic children whose symptoms had been stabilized by SFC 100/200 μg/day.

[Successful application of cholangioscope as an intravascular endoscope in hybrid operation for a child].

We performed hybrid operation on a 3-year-old boy with thrombosis in the pulmonary arterial conduit which had been implanted concomitantly at the time of Fontan operation. We used a cholangioscope as a substitute of intravascular endoscope. It visualized the organized thrombus and the suture line in the conduit.

Two Japanese patients with gitelman syndrome.

Gitelman syndrome (GS) is a renal tubular disorder characterized by hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis and hypocalciuria due to defective tubular reabsorption of magnesium and potassium. This disease is caused by mutations of the thiazide-sensitive Na-Cl cotransporter (NCCT) gene, SLC12A3. Manifestations of GS are heterogeneous, from asymptomatic to mild symptoms of cramps and easy fatigue, to tetany and paralysis.