Factors associated with prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear in patients with reflux oesophagitis.

Background: Extrinsic factors for erosive tooth wear (ETW) have been widely reported, but the intrinsic factors for wear remain unclear.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors associated with the prevalence of ETW in patients with reflux oesophagitis (RO). To prevent severe ETW with RO, factors associated with severity of ETW were also evaluated.

In females, salivary secretion was significantly lower in patients with severe reflux esophagitis than in healthy controls.

Background: The salivary secretion in patients with mild reflux esophagitis (RE) and non-erosive reflux disease is significantly lower in females, but not in males. However, sex differences in salivary secretion in patients with severe RE remain unknown. Therefore, the present study investigated sex differences in saliva secretion in patients with severe RE.

Patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (both reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease): Prevalence and severity of erosive tooth wear and saliva properties.

Background: The prevalence between erosive tooth wear (ETW) in association with reflux oesophagitis (RO) has been reported. However, the severity of both diseases and the relationship between ETW and non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) is unclear.

Objectives: The prevalence and severity of ETW were investigated in RO, NERD and healthy controls.

Saliva Secretion Is Significantly Lower in Female Patients with Mild Reflux Esophagitis than in Female Healthy Controls.

Introduction: Saliva secretion is significantly lower in patients with mild reflux esophagitis than in healthy controls. A previous study on healthy controls showed that stimulated saliva secretion was lower in females than in males. Saliva secretion may be lower in female patients with mild reflux esophagitis than in male patients.

Proton Pump Inhibitor Treatment Has Little Effects on Secretion of Saliva in Patients with Proton Pump Inhibitor-Responsive Mild Reflux Esophagitis and Non-Erosive Reflux Disease.

Introduction: The secretion of saliva, which is triggered by acid reflux into the esophagus via the esophagosalivary reflex, plays a crucial role in the defensive mechanisms of the esophagus. The volume of saliva secreted in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is reduced. However, the effects of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) on the secretion of saliva have rarely been reported.

Evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for gastroesophageal reflux disease 2021.

In Japan, with the increasing prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and growing public interest, the Japanese Society of Gastroenterology issued Evidence-based Clinical Practice Guidelines for GERD (1st edition) in 2009 and a revised 2nd edition in 2015. A number of studies on GERD were subsequently conducted in Japan and abroad, and vonoprazan, a potassium-competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), became available for the first time in Japan in February 2015. The revised 3rd edition (Japanese edition), which incorporates new findings and information, was published in April 2021.

Saliva secretion is reduced in mild reflux esophagitis patients.

Background: Salivary secretion in patients with mild reflux esophagitis has not been examined. In this study, saliva secretion and salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) in patients with mild reflux esophagitis were investigated.

Methods: Thirty-eight mild reflux esophagitis patients and 38 control subjects were recruited for this case-control study.

Surface analysis of dental caries using a wireless pH sensor and Raman spectroscopy for chairside diagnosis.

A chairside tool for quantitative analysis of dental caries would improve clinical dental inspections. The wireless caries sensing tool with dental-explorer size has been developed comparing two sensing methods, Raman reading and pH reading for evaluating dental caries. The Raman spectra at 575 cm and 960 cm for in inorganic compounds, as well as 1450 cm and 2940 cm for organic compounds reinforced and supported the pH results.

The prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) with or without erosive etiological factors among adults of different ages in Tokyo.

Objectives: To evaluate the prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) on teeth with or without erosive etiological factors across a broad range of ages of Japanese adults.

Materials And Methods: The study sample consisted of a total of 1108 subjects aged 15 to 89 years in Tokyo, Japan. Two examiners evaluated NCCLs and dental erosion (DE) during a full-mouth examination.

Stimulated saliva secretion is reduced in proton pump inhibitor-resistant severe reflux esophagitis patients.

Background: Salivary secretion in patients with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)-resistant severe reflux esophagitis has not been examined. In this study, saliva secretion and salivary epidermal growth factor (EGF) in patients with PPI-resistant severe reflux esophagitis were investigated.

Methods: We recruited 22 PPI-resistant and 22 PPI-responsive severe reflux esophagitis patients who were not infected with Helicobacter pylori.

Evidence-based consensus for treating incipient enamel caries in adults by non-invasive methods: recommendations by GRADE guideline.

Remineralization treatment, which offers the advantage of being non-invasive, is increasingly being used as a minimal intervention treatment in managing incipient enamel caries. The aim of this review was to develop EBM guideline for optimized strategies for non-invasive treatment of incipient enamel caries. Japanese Society of Conservative Dentistry (JSCD) guideline committee formulated a Guideline for treating incipient enamel caries using the GRADE system, which is the global, mainstream standard for guideline development.

Remineralization capacity of carious and non-carious white spot lesions: clinical evaluation using ICDAS and SS-OCT.

Objectives: To assess the remineralization capacity of carious, non-carious, and combined white spot lesions (WSLs) using the ICDAS and SS-OCT.

Materials And Methods: This clinical trial was based on a quasi-experimental design. Forty-two healthy subjects (median age 26.

pH Mapping on Tooth Surfaces for Quantitative Caries Diagnosis Using Micro Ir/IrOx pH Sensor.

A quantitative diagnostic method for dental caries would improve oral health, which directly affects the quality of life. Here we describe the preparation and application of Ir/IrOx pH sensors, which are used to measure the surface pH of dental caries. The pH level is used as an indicator to distinguish between active and arrested caries.

Effect of a calcium phosphate and fluoride paste on prevention of enamel demineralization.

This study aimed to examine the anti-demineralization capacities of (a) tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous (DCPA) and 950 ppm fluoride paste, (b) casein phosphopeptide amorphous calcium phosphate paste and (c) 950 ppm fluoride solution using optical coherence tomography (OCT). Enamel blocks were cut from the bovine incisors and treated using one of the above-mentioned three materials or deionized water as control (n=10). All samples were subjected to a demineralization gel for 1 h followed by a remineralization solution for 23 h.

Erosive Tooth Wear Among Different Tooth Types and Surfaces in Japanese Adults 15 to 89 Years Old.

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of erosive tooth wear on buccal, incisal/occlusal and palatal/lingual surfaces in a wide age range of Japanese adults.

Materials And Methods: The study included a total of 1108 adults aged 15 to 89 years in Tokyo, Japan. The subjects were asked to complete a self-administered nutrition-related questionnaire.

Multifactorial logistic regression analysis of factors associated with the incidence of erosive tooth wear among adults at different ages in Tokyo.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate factors associated with the incidence of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among adults at different ages in Tokyo using multifactorial logistic regression analysis.

Materials And Methods: The study sample consisted of a total of 1108 subjects aged 15 to 89 years in Tokyo, Japan. Two examiners evaluated ETW in a full-mouth recording.

A comparative study of the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel to erosive demineralization.

This study aimed to evaluate the susceptibility of cut and uncut enamel surfaces to an erosive challenge and to examine the resultant characteristics/morphological changes. Ten extracted human incisors were used for preparation of enamel samples, and samples were immersed in citric acid. After 3 (total 3 min) and 6 cycles (total 6 min) of erosive challenges, surface loss (SL) and morphological changes were measured using scanning microscopy and FIB-TEM.

White spot lesion remineralization by sugar-free chewing gum containing bio-available calcium and fluoride: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.

Objectives: To assess the effect of chewing gum containing phosphoryl oligosaccharides of calcium (POs-Ca) and fluoride on white spot lesion (WSL) remineralization in comparison with POs-Ca or placebo (control) chewing gums, in double- blind, randomized, controlled trial.

Methods: Thirty-seven healthy subjects, who had at least one WSL, with an ICDAS score of 2 or 1, were recruited for this study. The subjects were randomly divided into three groups (control, POs-Ca, POs-Ca+F) and chewed two slabs of each gum three times every day for 3 months.

Effects of brushing timing after erosive challenge on enamel loss in situ: White light interferometer and nanoindentation study.

This in situ study aimed to evaluate effects of waiting periods after erosive challenge before toothbrushing on enamel abrasion and nanoindentation hardness. Ten subjects wore intraoral appliances each with a set of 4 bovine enamel blocks. The enamel blocks were subjected to 2 cycles a day for 3 days as follows; intraoral exposure to form acquired pellicle and extraoral erosion followed by either 0, 3, 30 or 60 min intraoral exposure and then brushing, which was performed using an automatic brushing machine.

[Dental erosion: Clinical appearance and management].

Dental erosion is defined as the pathologic, chronic, localized loss of dental hard tissue caused by the exposure of tooth surfaces to extrinsic or intrinsic acids, not related to bacterial metabolism. The main intrinsic factor is regurgitated gastric acid, while extrinsic factors are acidic industrial vapors or dietary components such as acidic drinks and foods. In recent epidemiological study in Japan, 26.

Impact of toothpaste on abrasion of sound and eroded enamel: An in vitro white light interferometer study.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of brushing using toothpastes marketed under different categories on abrasion of sound and eroded enamel in vitro at nanometer scale using a white light interferometer (WLI).

Methods: Enamel surface of resin-embedded bovine incisors were fine polished with diamond slurry and divided into testing area (approximately 2 mm x 4 mm) and reference area using a nail varnish. The enamel specimens were randomly assigned to 10 groups (n = 10 each); six of which were subjected to erosive challenge.

Observation of white spot lesions using swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT): in vitro and in vivo study.

This study aimed to assess swept source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) for in vitro and in vivo detection of enamel white spot lesion (WSL). WSLs without surface breakdown on 33 extracted human posterior teeth were non-invasively scanned using SSOCT. The teeth were then cross-sectioned and imaged under confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and light microscopy (LM).

Age-specific prevalence of erosive tooth wear by acidic diet and gastroesophageal reflux in Japan.

Objectives: To evaluate the age-specific prevalence of erosive tooth wear in Japanese adults.

Methods: The study sample consisted of a total of 1108 adults aged 15-89 yrs in Tokyo, Japan. The subjects were asked to complete a self-administered nutrition-related questionnaire.