Crafting and Authenticating Prognostic Nomograms for Overall and Cancer-specific Survival in Pediatric Small Renal Masses: A Comprehensive Two-Decade Cohort Study.

Background: The intricate task of diagnosing and managing small renal masses (SRMs) has become progressively convoluted within the realm of clinical practice. Contemporary clinical prediction instruments may succumb to a gradual decay in precision, coupled with an absence of unambiguous guidelines to navigate patient management.

Methods: This investigation was devised to formulate and authenticate nomograms for the overall survival (OS) and cancer- specific survival (CSS) among patients afflicted with SRMs.

MiR-135b-5p promotes cetuximab resistance in colorectal cancer by regulating FOXN3.

Despite advances in targeted therapies, primary and acquired resistance make the treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC) a pressing issue to be resolved. According to reports, the development of CRC is linked to miRNA dysregulation. Multiple studies have demonstrated that miR-135b-5p has an aberrant expression level between CRC tissues and adjacent tissues.

Tumor microenvironment responsive nano-herb and CRISPR delivery system for synergistic chemotherapy and immunotherapy.

Chemoresistance remains a significant challenge for effective breast cancer treatment which leads to cancer recurrence. CRISPR-directed gene editing becomes a powerful tool to reduce chemoresistance by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment. Previous research has revealed that Chinese herbal extracts have significant potential to overcome tumor chemoresistance.

Bibliometric insights into drug resistance in bladder cancer: Two decades of progress (1999-2022).

Aims: To provide a comprehensive bibliometric overview of drug resistance in bladder cancer (BC) from 1999 to 2022, aiming to illuminate its historical progression and guide future investigative avenues.

Methods: Literature on BC drug resistance between 1999 and 2022 was sourced from the Web of Science. Visual analyses were executed using Vosviewer and Citespace software, focusing on contributions by countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords.

Precise nano-system-based drug delivery and synergistic therapy against androgen receptor-positive triple-negative breast cancer.

Targeting androgen receptor (AR) has shown great therapeutic potential in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet its efficacy remains unsatisfactory. Here, we aimed to identify promising targeted agents that synergize with enzalutamide, a second-generation AR inhibitor, in TNBC. By using a strategy for screening drug combinations based on the Sensitivity Index (SI), we found that MK-8776, a selective checkpoint kinase1 (CHK1) inhibitor, showed favorable synergism with enzalutamide in AR-positive TNBC.

Estimation of the tumor size at cure threshold among adult patients with adrenocortical carcinoma: A populational-based study.

Background: The prognostic significance of tumor size with adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) patients has not yet been thoroughly evaluated. Our objective was to investigate the influence of tumor size on prognostic value in adult ACC patients.

Methods: The Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program (SEER) was employed to identify adult ACC patients who had been diagnosed from 2004 to 2015.

Benralizumab efficacy and safety in severe asthma: A randomized trial in Asia.

Background: Benralizumab is indicated as add-on therapy in patients with uncontrolled, severe eosinophilic asthma; it has not yet been evaluated in a large Asian population with asthma in a clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of benralizumab in patients with severe asthma in Asia.

Methods: MIRACLE (NCT03186209) was a randomized, Phase 3 study in China, South Korea, and the Philippines.

A bibliometric insight into neoadjuvant chemotherapy in bladder cancer: trends, collaborations, and future avenues.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) followed by radical cystectomy (RC) remains the cornerstone of treatment for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). While platinum-based regimens have demonstrated benefits in tumor downstaging and improved long-term survival for selected patients, they may pose risks for those who are ineligible or unresponsive to chemotherapy.

Objective: We undertook a bibliometric analysis to elucidate the breadth of literature on NAC in bladder cancer, discern research trajectories, and underscore emerging avenues of investigation.

Immune regulation and the tumor microenvironment in anti-PD-1/PDL-1 and anti-CTLA-4 therapies for cancer immune evasion: A bibliometric analysis.

This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis, employing visualization tools to examine literature pertaining to tumor immune evasion related to anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy from 1999 to 2022. A special emphasis is placed on the interplay between tumor microenvironment, signaling pathways, immune cells and immune evasion, with data sourced from the Web of Science core collection (WoSCC). Advanced tools, including VOSviewer, Citespace, and Scimago Graphica, were utilized to analyze various parameters, such as co-authorship/co-citation patterns, regional contributions, journal preferences, keyword co-occurrences, and significant citation bursts.

Examining the existing usage gap of electronic health records in the United States: A study of National Health Survey.

Background: Little is known about the extent of geographic variation in online health record usage and related demographic characteristics in the United States.

Methods: In order to examine geographical variation in the usage of online e-health records (EHR) patient portals in the US, and the sociodemographic factors effects on the access and use of the EHR patient's portal. This study using data from the 2019 and 2020 Health Information National Trends Survey.

Development of a radiomics model to discriminate ammonium urate stones from uric acid stones in vivo : A remedy for the diagnostic pitfall of dual-energy computed tomography.

Background: Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) is purported to accurately distinguish uric acid stones from non-uric acid stones. However, whether DECT can accurately discriminate ammonium urate stones from uric acid stones remains unknown. Therefore, we aimed to explore whether they can be accurately identified by DECT and to develop a radiomics model to assist in distinguishing them.

Preoperative fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis as a predictor of tumor recurrence in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a bi-institutional study.

Background: Non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is known for its elevated recurrence rate, necessitating an enhancement in the current risk stratification for recurrence. The urine-based fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay has emerged as a noninvasive auxiliary tool for detecting bladder cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the potential relationship between the preoperative FISH assay and recurrence, and to develop a FISH-clinical nomogram for predicting the recurrence-free survival (RFS) in NMIBC patients.

Microbiota-derived acetate enhances host antiviral response via NLRP3.

Pathogenic viral infections represent a major challenge to human health. Host immune responses to respiratory viruses are closely associated with microbiome and metabolism via the gut-lung axis. It has been known that host defense against influenza A virus (IAV) involves activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, however, mechanisms behind the protective function of NLRP3 are not fully known.

Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Benralizumab: A Phase 1, Randomized, Single-Blind Study of Healthy Chinese Participants.

Purpose: Biological therapies targeting eosinophils have been shown to be effective in treating patients with severe eosinophilic asthma. Benralizumab (Fasenra, AstraZeneca) is a humanized monoclonal antibody binding to the alpha subunit of the interleukin-5 receptor, which rapidly depletes eosinophils via antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. The aim of this Phase 1 study was to assess the safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of benralizumab in healthy Chinese individuals.

An artificial intelligence model for the pathological diagnosis of invasion depth and histologic grade in bladder cancer.

Background: Accurate pathological diagnosis of invasion depth and histologic grade is key for clinical management in patients with bladder cancer (BCa), but it is labour-intensive, experience-dependent and subject to interobserver variability. Here, we aimed to develop a pathological artificial intelligence diagnostic model (PAIDM) for BCa diagnosis.

Methods: A total of 854 whole slide images (WSIs) from 692 patients were included and divided into training and validation sets.

Identification of the Shared Gene Signatures between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Epilepsy via Bioinformatic Analysis.

Purpose: To identify gene signatures that are shared by autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and epilepsy (EP) and explore the potential molecular mechanism of the two diseases using WGCNA analysis. Additionally, to verify the effects of the shared molecular mechanism on ADHD, which is another neurological comorbidity.

Methods: We screened the crosstalk genes between ASD and EP based on WGCNA and differential expression analysis from GEO and DisGeNET database and analyzed the function of the genes' enrichment by GO and KEGG analyses.

m6A methylation regulators as predictors for treatment of advanced urothelial carcinoma with anti-PDL1 agent.

Purpose: Immune checkpoint blockade agents were shown to provide a survival advantage in urothelial carcinoma, while some patients got minimal benefit or side effects. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the prognostic value of m6A methylation regulators, and developed a nomogram for predicting the response to atezolizumab in urothelial carcinoma patients.

Methods: A total of 298 advanced urothelial carcinoma patients with response data in the IMvigor210 cohort were included.

Cognitive impairment and associated factors among the elderly in the Shanghai suburb: findings from a low-education population.

Objective: Our purpose was to investigate the prevalence of cognitive impairment and associated factors among elderly people in the Shanghai suburb.

Methods: A population-based survey was conducted for people aged 60 years and over in a community of 2 towns (Huaxin and Xujing) in Qingpu district, located in the western suburb of Shanghai. Face-to-face interviews were carried out to collect relevant information with prepared questionnaires.