Pachymic acid promotes ferroptosis and inhibits gastric cancer progression by suppressing the PDGFRB-mediated PI3K/Akt pathway.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a common malignant tumour with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Despite current treatment modalities, including surgical resection and chemotherapy, challenges such as postoperative recurrence, metastasis and drug resistance persist. Therefore, investigating the feasibility and mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine in treating gastric cancer is crucial for discovering new anti-gastric cancer drugs or adjuvant therapies.

-Trifluoroethoxy Benzotriazolium Triflate: A Readily Available Reagent for Direct Radical Trifluoroethoxylation of Alkenes.

Herein, we describe the development and application of a novel benzotriazole-based reagent toward radical trifluoroethoxylation. Various alkene classes, including styrene derivatives, enol carbonates, and allyl silanes, are viable reaction partners in this transformation, yielding diverse trifluoroethoxylated products. Furthermore, this method is readily applicable for the late-stage modification of natural product and drugs molecules.

Effects of reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials on transformation of C-triclosan in soils.

Increasing use and release of graphene nanomaterials and pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) in soil environment have polluted the environment and posed high ecological risks. However, little is understood about the interactive effects and mechanism of graphene on the behaviors of PPCPs in soil. In the present study, the effects of reduced graphene oxide nanomaterials (RGO) on the fate of triclosan in two typical soils (S1: silty loam; S2: silty clay loam) were investigated with C-triclosan, high-resolution mass spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and microbial community structure analysis.

Regulation of hepatocyte phospholipid peroxidation signaling by a Chinese patent medicine against psychological stress-induced liver injury.

Background: Psychological stress is associated with various diseases including liver dysfunction, yet effective intervention strategies remain lacking due to the unrevealed pathogenesis mechanism.

Purpose: This study aims to explore the relevance between BMAL1-controlled circadian rhythms and lipoxygenase 15 (ALOX15)-mediated phospholipids peroxidation in psychological stress-induced liver injury, and to investigate whether hepatocyte phospholipid peroxidation signaling is involved in the hepatoprotective effects of a Chinese patent medicine, Pien Tze Huang (PZH).

Methods: Restraint stress models were established to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of psychological stress-induced liver injury and the hepatoprotective effects of PZH.

Fufang Luohanguo Qingfei granules reduces influenza virus susceptibility via MAVS-dependent type I interferon antiviral signaling.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fufang Luohanguo Qingfei granules (LQG) is a Chinese patent medicine, clinically used to treat flu-like symptoms including cough with yellow phlegm, impeded phlegm, dry throat and tongue. However, the protective activity of LQG against influenza infection is indeterminate.

Aim Of The Study: This study is to investigate the therapeutic effect of LQG on influenza infection and elucidate its underlying mechanism.

DEAD-box helicase 1 inhibited CD8 T cell antitumor activity by inducing PD-L1 expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) does not respond well to current treatments, even immune checkpoint inhibitors. PD-L1 (programmed cell death ligand 1 or CD274 molecule)-mediated immune escape of tumor cells may be a key factor affecting the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. However, the regulatory mechanisms of PD-L1 expression and immune escape require further exploration.

Ab initio studies of counterion effects in molecular quantum-dot cellular automata.

Molecular quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a low-power computing paradigm that may offer ultra-high device densities and THz-speed switching at room temperature. A single mixed-valence (MV) molecule acts as an elementary QCA device known as a cell. Cells coupled locally via the electrostatic field form logic circuits.

Scutellaria baicalensis: a promising natural source of antiviral compounds for the treatment of viral diseases.

Viruses, the smallest microorganisms, continue to present an escalating threat to human health, being the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Over the decades, although significant progress has been made in the development of therapies and vaccines against viral diseases, the need for effective antiviral interventions remains urgent. This urgency stems from the lack of effective vaccines, the severe side effects associated with current drugs, and the emergence of drug-resistant viral strains.

Mechanism of Xiezhuo Huayu Yiqi Tongluo Formula in the Treatment of Uric Acid Nephropathy Based on Network Pharmacology, Molecular Docking, and In Vivo Experiments.

Background: Xiezhuo Huayu Yiqi Tongluo Formula (XHYTF) consists of 14 Chinese herbal medicines. In this study, we investigated the potential mechanism of XHYTF in the treatment of uric acid nephropathy (UAN) through network pharmacology, molecular docking, and in vivo methods.

Methods: Using various pharmacological databases and analysis platforms, information on the active ingredients and targets of Chinese herbal medicine was collected, and UAN disease targets were retrieved using OMIM, Gene Cards, and NCBI.

Single-cell omics: A new direction for functional genetic research in human diseases and animal models.

Over the past decade, with the development of high-throughput single-cell sequencing technology, single-cell omics has been emerged as a powerful tool to understand the molecular basis of cellular mechanisms and refine our knowledge of diverse cell states. They can reveal the heterogeneity at different genetic layers and elucidate their associations by multiple omics analysis, providing a more comprehensive genetic map of biological regulatory networks. In the post-GWAS era, the molecular biological mechanisms influencing human diseases will be further elucidated by single-cell omics.

Reduced graphene oxide accelerates the dissipation of C-Triclosan in paddy soil via adsorption interactions.

Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) is one of common carbon nanomaterials, which is widely used in various fields. Triclosan is an antimicrobial agent added in pharmaceuticals and personal care products. Extensive release of RGO and triclosan has posed potential risks to humans and the environment.

Designing boron-cluster-centered zwitterionic Y-shaped clocked QCA molecules.

Quantum-dot cellular automata (QCA) is a nanoscale, transistor-less device technology. A single molecule may provide an elementary QCA device known as a cell. Molecular redox centers function as quantum dots, and the configuration of mobile charge on the dots encodes device states useful for classical computing.

Nucleosome-Omics: A Perspective on the Epigenetic Code and 3D Genome Landscape.

Genetic information is loaded on chromatin, which involves DNA sequence arrangement and the epigenetic landscape. The epigenetic information including DNA methylation, nucleosome positioning, histone modification, 3D chromatin conformation, and so on, has a crucial impact on gene transcriptional regulation. Out of them, nucleosomes, as basal chromatin structural units, play an important central role in epigenetic code.

Injectable conductive and angiogenic hydrogels for chronic diabetic wound treatment.

Chronic diabetic wounds are lack of angiogenesis and susceptible to bacterial infections due to their high sugar microenvironment, making them difficult to heal. Here, a conductive and intrinsically antibacterial hydrogel with pH responsiveness has been developed. This hydrogel has good mechanical properties, self-healing ability and biocompatibility, and can smartly release the pro-angiogenic drug, deferoxamine.

Intrinsic Antibacterial and Conductive Hydrogels Based on the Distinct Bactericidal Effect of Polyaniline for Infected Chronic Wound Healing.

Most chronic wounds suffer from infections, and their treatment is challenging. The usage of antibiotics may lead to bacterial resistance and adverse side effects. Positively charged substances have shown promise, but their applications are usually limited by certain cytotoxicity or complex synthesis.

Distinct uptake and accumulation profiles of triclosan in youdonger (Brassica campestris subsp. Chinensis var. communis) under two planting systems: Evidence from C tracing techniques.

Triclosan is a widely used biocide against microorganisms and is ubiquitously distributed in the environment. Triclosan can be accumulated into plants from soil and hydroponic media. However, little information is currently available on the comparative fate of triclosan in plants under soil and hydroponics cultivation conditions and factors governing uptake.

Synthesis and Characterization of Salinomycin-Loaded High-Density Lipoprotein and Its Effects on Cervical Cancer Cells and Cervical Cancer Stem Cells.

Background: Cervical cancer stem cells (CCSCs), a small part of tumor population, are one of the important reasons for metastasis and recurrence of cervical cancer. Targeting CCSCs may be an effective way to eliminate tumors. Salinomycin (Sal) has been proved to be an effective anticancer drug in many studies, especially for cancer stem cells (CSCs).

Conductive dual hydrogen bonding hydrogels for the electrical stimulation of infected chronic wounds.

Electrical stimulation (ES) rigid electrodes near the wound is one of the promising approaches for chronic wound treatment, but it is unable to stimulate the whole wound area and treat infected wounds. In this study, a tough conductive hydrogel was prepared by the copolymerization of -acryloyl glycinamide (NAGA) with quaternized chitosan--polyaniline (QCSP). The hydrogel showed a similar conductivity to the human skin and robust mechanical properties due to the dual hydrogen bonding motifs.

Soft-hard hybrid covalent-network polymer sponges with super resilience, recoverable energy dissipation and fatigue resistance under large deformation.

Energy absorption or dissipation ability has been widely developed in tough hydrogels and 3D nano-structured sponges for a variety of applications. However, fully recoverable energy dissipation and fatigue resistance under large deformation is still challenging yet highly desirable. Polymer network with homogeneous chemical crosslinking structures is an efficient way to construct hydrogels with high resilience and fatigue resistance.

Novel insights into stress-induced susceptibility to influenza: corticosterone impacts interferon-β responses by Mfn2-mediated ubiquitin degradation of MAVS.

Although stress has been known to increase the susceptibility of pathogen infection, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we reported that restraint stress dramatically enhanced the morbidity and mortality of mice infected with the influenza virus (H1N1) and obviously aggravated lung inflammation. Corticosterone (CORT), a main type of glucocorticoids in rodents, was secreted in the plasma of stressed mice.

Translocation and metabolism of imidacloprid in cabbage: Application of C-labelling and LC-QTOF-MS.

Imidacloprid (IMI) is a widely used neonicotinoid insecticide effective against sucking and some chewing insects. Translocation and metabolism of IMI in plants are related to food safety. In this study, C-labeled IMI was used to investigate its translocation, transformation, radioactive IMI metabolites and possible metabolic pathways in cabbage.

Uptake, translocation and accumulation of the fungicide benzene kresoxim-methyl in Chinese flowering cabbage (Brassica campastris var. parachinensis) and water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica).

Benzene kresoxim-methyl (BKM) is an important methoxyacrylate-based strobilurin fungicide widely used against various phytopathogenic fungi in crops. Uptake, translocation and accumulation of BKM in vegetables remain unknown. This study was designed to investigate uptake, translocation, and accumulation of C-BKM and/or its potential metabolites in Chinese flowering cabbage and water spinach.

Flexible and self-healing electrochemical hydrogel sensor with high efficiency toward glucose monitoring.

The commercial sensor of a continuous glucose monitoring system suffers from restricted penetration of glucose in the dense sensing coating, uncontrolled leakage of the glucose oxidase and electrocatalytic medium, and susceptibility to mechanical damage. Herein, a self-healing hydrogel based on quaternized chitosan and oxidized dextran was designed, and CeO/MnO hollow nanospheres were covalently linked in the hydrogel as the electrocatalytic medium. Glucose oxidase was loaded via the strong electrostatic interactions with the CeO/MnO hollow nanospheres.

Synergistic Chemical and Photodynamic Antimicrobial Therapy for Enhanced Wound Healing Mediated by Multifunctional Light-Responsive Nanoparticles.

Recently, rapid acquisition of antibiotic resistance, increased prevalence of antibiotic-resistant bacterial infections, and slow healing of infected wound have led to vast difficulties in developing innovative antimicrobial agents to obliterate pathogenic bacteria and simultaneously accelerate wound healing. To effectively solve this problem, we designed light-responsive multifunctional nanoparticles with conjugation of quaternary ammonium chitosan and photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Ce6) to merge chemical and photodynamic therapy to efficient antibacteria. The Mg/(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) complex rapidly responded to light irradiation under 660 nm with release of magnesium ions, which effectively accelerated wound healing without toxicity to mammalian cells.