Electrochemical Upgrading of Waste Polylactic Acid Plastic for the Coproduction of C Chemicals and Green Hydrogen.

Tandem alkali-catalyzed hydrolysis and alkaline electrolysis have gradually become appealing avenues for the reformation of polyester plastics into high-value-added chemicals and green hydrogen with remarkable environmental and economic benefits. In this study, an electrochemical upcycling strategy was developed for the electrocatalytic oxidation of polylactic acid (PLA) hydrolysate into valued C chemicals (i.e.

Value of portal venous gas and a nomogram for predicting severe neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis.

Background: Whether portal venous gas (PVG) is a sign of severe neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) and predicts poor prognosis remains uncertain.

Methods: Patients from two centres were randomly assigned to a training set or a validation set. A nomogram model for predicting severe NEC was developed on the basis of the independent risk factors selected by least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis.

Mulberry leaf flavonoids activate BAT and induce browning of WAT to improve type 2 diabetes via regulating the AMPK/SIRT1/PGC-1α signaling pathway.

Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf is a well-established traditional Chinese botanical and culinary resource. It has found widespread application in the management of diabetes.

Changes in corneal biomechanics and posterior corneal surface elevation after FS-LASIK.

Aim: To investigate the changes in corneal biomechanics and posterior corneal surface elevation after femtosecond laser-assisted keratomileusis (FS-LASIK).

Methods: Totally 197 eyes of 100 patients who underwent the FS-LASIK from April 2022 to November 2022 were included. They were divided into three groups according to the ratio of residual corneal stroma thickness/corneal thickness (RCST/CT): Group I (50%≤RCST/CT<55%, 63 eyes of 32 patients), Group II (55%≤RCST/CT<60%, 67 eyes of 34 patients), and Group III (RCST/CT≥60%, 67 eyes of 34 patients).

Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon Derived from Coconut Shell for Ultrahigh-Performance Supercapacitors.

In this research, we successfully produced hierarchical porous activated carbon from biowaste employing one-step KOH activation and applied as ultrahigh-performance supercapacitor electrode materials. The coconut shell-derived activated carbon (CSAC) features a hierarchical porous structure in a honeycomb-like morphology, leading to a high specific surface area (2228 m g) as well as a significant pore volume (1.07 cm g).

Identifying potential therapeutic targets of mulberry leaf extract for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: a TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis.

Background: Mulberry (Morus alba L.) leaf, as a medicinal and food homologous traditional Chinese medicine, has a clear therapeutic effect on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), yet its underlying mechanisms have not been totally clarified. The study aimed to explore the mechanism of mulberry leaf in the treatment of T2DM through tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics analysis of skeletal muscle.

One-year clinical efficacy evaluation of selective corneal wavefront aberration-guided FS-LASIK correction in patients with high myopia.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness, safety, predictability, precision and changes of higher-order aberrations (HOAs) on corneal front surface of selective corneal wavefront aberration-guided femtosecond laser-assisted keratomileusis (CW-FS-LASIK) in patients with high myopia 1-year postoperatively.

Methods: Totally 74 eyes of 37 patients with high myopia or myopic astigmatism in both the eyes who underwent the CW-FS-LASIK procedure in Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital from January 2021 to June 2021 were included. The changes of uncorrected distance visual acuity (UDVA), best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), spherical equivalent refraction (SER), astigmatism, HOAs and Strehl ratio (SR) on the anterior surface of the cornea after 1y of the surgery were analyzed.

The relationship between gut microbiota and susceptibility to type 2 diabetes mellitus in rats.

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between the susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and gut microbiota in rats and to explore the potential mechanism involved.

Methods: Thirty-two SPF-grade SD rats were raised as donor rats, and divided into control, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, fasting blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L), and Non-T2DM (fasting blood glucose < 11.

Mulberry Leaf Flavonoids Inhibit Liver Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Rats by Regulating TLR4/MyD88/NF-B Signaling Pathway.

The incidence of liver-related complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rapidly increasing, which affects the physical and mental health of T2DM patients. Mulberry leaf flavonoids (MLF) were confirmed to have certain effects on lowering blood glucose and anti-inflammation. In this study, the high-fat diet (HFD) + STZ method was used to establish T2DM rat model and the MLF was administered by gavage for eight weeks.

Rutin-activated adipose tissue thermogenesis is correlated with increased intestinal short-chain fatty acid levels.

The activation of thermogenic programs in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and white adipose tissue (WAT) provides a promising approach to increasing energy expenditure during obesity and diabetes treatment. Although evidence has been found that rutin activates BAT against obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), its potential mechanism is not completely understood. In this study, we focused on the potential modulating effect of rutin on short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and the thermogenesis of BAT and WAT, aiming to elucidate the molecular mechanism of rutin in the treatment of obesity and T2DM.

Qingwei San treats oral ulcer subjected to stomach heat syndrome in db/db mice by targeting TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB pathway.

Background: Qingwei San (QWS), one of classic Chinese Medicine prescripts, has been widely used to treat stomach heat syndrome which manifests oral ulcer (OU), periodontitis and upper gastrointestinal bleeding for seven hundred years. However, the therapeutic effects of QWS on diabetic OU subjected to stomach heat syndrome are still ambiguous. In the study, we investigated the pharmacological mechanisms.

Mulberry leaf activates brown adipose tissue and induces browning of inguinal white adipose tissue in type 2 diabetic rats through regulating AMP-activated protein kinase signalling pathway.

The current epidemic of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) significantly affects human health worldwide. Activation of brown adipocytes and browning of white adipocytes are considered as a promising molecular target for T2DM treatment. Mulberry leaf, a traditional Chinese medicine, has been demonstrated to have multi-biological activities, including anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects.

Investigation of brain damage mechanism in middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion rats based on i-TRAQ quantitative proteomics.

The objective of this study is to analyze the differential protein expression profile in cerebral cortex of rats with middle cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (MCAO/R), explore the brain damage mechanism of MCAO/R at protein level, and provide experimental foundation for searching specific marker proteins of MCAO/R. Rat model of MCAO/R was established by modified suture-occluded method, and the model was evaluated by the results of brain 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) and hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Cerebral cortex of rats from sham-operated group (Sham) and MCAO/R groups was used for FASP enzymatic hydrolysis, i-TRAQ quantitative labeling, and reverse-phase liquid chromatography purification and separation.

Brown and beige adipose tissue: a novel therapeutic strategy for obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Mammalian adipose tissue can be divided into two major types, namely, white adipose tissue (WAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT). According to classical view, the main function of WAT is to store excess energy in the form of triglycerides, while BAT is a thermogenic tissue that acts a pivotal part in maintaining the core body temperature. White adipocytes display high plasticity and can transdifferentiate into beige adipocytes which have many similar morphological and functional properties with brown adipocytes under the stimulations of exercise, cold exposure and other factors.

Therapeutic effects and mechanisms study of Hanchuan Zupa Granule in a Guinea pig model of cough variant asthma.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Hanchuan Zupa Granule (HCZP), a traditional Chinese ethnodrug, has the functions of supressing a cough, resolving phlegm, warming the lungs, and relieving asthma. In clinical practice employing traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), HCZP is commonly used to treat acute colds, cough and abnormal mucous asthma caused by a cold, or "Nai-Zi-Lai" in the Uygur language. Studies have confirmed the use of HCZP to treat cough variant asthma (CVA) and other respiratory diseases.

Investigation of gut microbiome changes in type 1 diabetic mellitus rats based on high-throughput sequencing.

The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is increasing year by year, gut microbiota is considered to be closely related to the occurrence and development of T1DM in recent years. In this study, Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were intraperitoneally injected with 75mg/kg streptozotocin to establish T1DM model, fecal samples were collected and DNA were extracted, 16S rRNA microbial gene clone library were constructed, and lastly high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed. The results showed that the abundances of pathogenic bacteria such as Ruminococcaceae, Shigella, Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Rothia and Alistipes associated with infection and inflammation in T1DM rats were up-regulated, while the abundances of beneficial bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Faecalitalea, Butyricicoccus and Allobaculum were reduced.

Opening of mitoKATP improves cardiac function and inhibits apoptosis via the AKT-Foxo1 signaling pathway in diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Decreasing phosphorylation of AKT‑Foxo1 is closely associated with the onset of insulin resistance and apoptosis during diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM). Opening of mitochondrial ATP‑sensitive potassium channels (mitoKATP) increases the expression of p‑AKT in the process of reperfusion injury. It was therefore hypothesized that opening of mitoKATP may regulate the AKT‑Foxo1 signaling pathway and improve cardiac function in DCM.

[Three Different Digestion Methods to Separate Neonatal Rat Cardiomyocytes].

Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of three different digestion methods for the separation of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes.

Methods: We employed three different digestion methods to separate neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Group A was 0.

[Effect of early caffeine treatment on the need for respirator therapy in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome].

Objective: To study the efficacy of early caffeine treatment in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).

Methods: A prospective controlled clinical trial was performed. A total of 59 preterm infants with RDS were enrolled and divided into a caffeine group (30 infants) and a control group (29 infants).