CAISeg: A Clustering-Aided Interactive Network for Lesion Segmentation in 3D Medical Imaging.

Accurate lesion segmentation in medical imaging is critical for medical diagnosis and treatment. Lesions' diverse and heterogeneous characteristics often present a distinct long-tail distribution, posing difficulties for automatic methods. Currently, interactive segmentation approaches have shown promise in improving accuracy, but still struggle to deal with tail features.

[Retracted] Chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis in renal cancer HEK‑293 and SW‑839 cell lines.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.

Similarity measure method of near-infrared spectrum combined with multi-attribute information.

Due to the high-dimensionality, redundancy, and non-linearity of the near-infrared (NIR) spectra data, as well as the influence of attributes such as producing area and grade of the sample, which can all affect the similarity measure between samples. This paper proposed a t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding algorithm based on Sinkhorn distance (St-SNE) combined with multi-attribute data information. Firstly, the Sinkhorn distance was introduced which can solve problems such as KL divergence asymmetry and sparse data distribution in high-dimensional space, thereby constructing probability distributions that make low-dimensional space similar to high-dimensional space.

γH2A/γH2AX Mediates DNA Damage-Specific Control of Checkpoint Signaling in .

DNA lesions trigger DNA damage checkpoint (DDC) signaling which arrests cell cycle progression and promotes DNA damage repair. In , phosphorylation of histone H2A (γH2A, equivalent to γH2AX in mammals) is an early chromatin mark induced by DNA damage that is recognized by a group of DDC and DNA repair factors. We find that γH2A negatively regulates the G2/M checkpoint in response to the genotoxin camptothecin, which is a DNA topoisomerase I poison.

YH1136 plays a protective role against endogenous pathogenic bacteria induced intestinal dysfunction by reconstructing gut microbiota in mice exposed at high altitude.

Background: Intestinal microbiota plays an important role in maintaining the microecological balance of the gastrointestinal tract in various animals. Disturbances in the intestinal microbiota may lead to the proliferation of potentially pathogenic bacteria that become the dominant species, leading to intestinal immune disorders, intestinal inflammation, and other intestinal diseases. Numerous studies have been confirmed that high-altitude exposure affects the normal function of the intestine and the composition of the intestinal microbiota.

Study on outlier detection method of the near infrared spectroscopy analysis by probability metric.

Due to the high dimensionality and non-linearity of the near infrared (NIR) spectra data result the difficulty of the outlier measure. This paper proposed a probability based outlier detection method, which adopted the distribution probability of the spectra data to identify outliers at each wavelength by using of copula function. The negative logarithmic function was also used to quantify the overall variation of the joint distribution for the outliers.

Urine metabolic profiling of dementia rats with vital energy deficiency using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with an orbitrap mass spectrometer.

Dementia is a chronic and multifactor-induced neurodegenerative disorder that occurs frequently in the elderly with weak constitution and insufficient vital energy. However, the relationship between vital energy deficiency and the occurrence and development of dementia is still unclear. In this study, a rat model of dementia with vital energy deficiency was established through intraperitoneal injection with d-galactose and AlCl and combined with exhaustive swimming.

An integrated strategy using LC-MS/MS combined with microdialysis for the simultaneous determination of lignans of (Turcz.) Baill. Fructus and endogenous neurotransmitters: application in pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies.

(Turcz.) Baill Fructus (SCF) is the ripe fruit of (Turcz.) Baill, and is often used as a neuroprotective drink.

The relationship between major depressive disorder and glucose parameters: A cross-sectional study in a Chinese population.

Background: Depressive symptoms have been linked with insulin resistance in middle-aged and elderly populations. A strong relationship between peripheral insulin resistance and glucose homeostasis imbalance has been well established in previous studies. The role of serum fructosamine and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in elevating glucose homeostasis has been documented in the literature.

Factors influencing medication knowledge and beliefs on warfarin adherence among patients with atrial fibrillation in China.

Objectives: Warfarin is often used for ischemic stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), but the factors affecting patient adherence to warfarin therapy have not been fully understood.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in AF patients undergoing warfarin therapy at least 6 months prior to the study. The clinical data collected using questionnaires by phone interviews included the following: 1) self-reported adherence measured by the Morisky Medication Adherence Scale-8; 2) beliefs about medicines surveyed by Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire (BMQ); and 3) drug knowledge as measured by the Warfarin Related Knowledge Test (WRKT).

Aucubin and its hydrolytic derivative attenuate activation of hepatic stellate cells via modulation of TGF-β stimulation.

Eucommia ulmoides is an important traditional Chinese medicine and has been used as a tonic with a long history. Aucubin is an active component extracted from Eucommia ulmoides, which has liver-protection effects. However the mechanisms are still unclear.

SPECT and PET radiopharmaceuticals for molecular imaging of apoptosis: from bench to clinic.

Owing to the central role of apoptosis in many human diseases and the wide-spread application of apoptosis-based therapeutics, molecular imaging of apoptosis in clinical practice is of great interest for clinicians, and holds great promises. Based on the well-defined biochemical changes for apoptosis, a rich assortment of probes and approaches have been developed for molecular imaging of apoptosis with various imaging modalities. Among these imaging techniques, nuclear imaging (including single photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography) remains the premier clinical method owing to their high specificity and sensitivity.

Effects of cytochrome P450 3A4 and non-genetic factors on initial voriconazole serum trough concentrations in hematological patients with different cytochrome P450 2C19 genotypes.

1. Polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 2C19 (CYP2C19) is an important factor contributing to variability of voriconazole pharmacokinetics. Polymorphisms of CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C9 and non-genetic factors such as age, gender, body mass index (BMI), transaminase levels, concomitant medications might also affect voriconazole initial steady serum trough concentration (VIC) in haematological patients, but the effects were not clear.

Induction of the mitochondria-mediated apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cells by DS2, a newly synthetic diterpenoid analog, is regulated by Bax and caused by generation of reactive oxygen species.

Ent-kaurane diterpene compounds have attracted considerable attention in recent years due to its antitumor, antibacterial, and antiviral activities. However, the clinical development of natural kaurane diterpenes, for example, oridonin for cancer therapy has been hampered by its relatively moderate potency, limited bioavailability. Herein, we report a newly synthetic analog of natural ent-kaurane diterpene, DS2, which exhibits significantly improved activity of antiproliferation against various cancer cell lines relative to oridonin.

[Clinical value of detecting serum soluble CD163 level in patients with atrial fibrillation].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between atrial fibrillation (AF) and serum soluble CD163.

Methods: A total of 336 patients with heart valve disease were included in this study, including 167 with AF and 169 with sinus rhythm. The clinical data were compared between the two grops, and Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the risk factors associated with AF.

Biogeography and Adaptive evolution of Streptomyces Strains from saline environments.

The genus Streptomyces is a widespread genus within the phylum Actinobacteria and has been isolated from various environments worldwide. However, little is known about whether biogeography affects distributional pattern of Streptomyces in salty environments. Such information is essential for understanding the ecology of Streptomyces.

A prospective study investigating the causes of warfarin under-utilization in Chinese patients.

Background Warfarin is efficacious for ischemic stroke prevention in intermediate- to high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation; thus, warfarin is the recommended treatment according to evidence-based guidelines. Objective This prospective study evaluated the reasons for under-utilization of warfarin in Chinese patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF). Setting The People's Hospital of Henan Province of Zhengzhou City, which is a 3900-bed tertiary-care teaching institution.

Chelerythrine chloride induces apoptosis in renal cancer HEK-293 and SW-839 cell lines.

Previous studies have demonstrated that the benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloid chelerythrine chloride (CC) has inhibitory effects on various tumors. However, the anticancer activity of CC and its underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated in renal cancer cells. The present study examined the effects of CC on growth inhibition and apoptosis of renal cancer cells and .

Education is critical for medication adherence in patients with coronary heart disease.

Background: Although non-adherence to medications is associated with increased cardiovascular risks, very little information is focused on the relationship between knowledge and medication adherence among patients with coronary heart disease (CHD).

Aim: The purposes were to assess the relationship between medication adherence and medication- or disease-related knowledge in patients with CHD, and to investigate whether educating patients would alter their medication adherence behaviour.

Methods: This study was carried out at the outpatient clinic of a public university teaching hospital in China.

ALDH2*2 Allele is a Negative Risk Factor for Cerebral Infarction in Chinese Women.

Unlike its reported role in the cardiovascular diseases, little information is available for mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) in the cerebrovascular function. We investigated the different effects of ALDH2 genotypes on the risk of cerebral infarction between the genders, because different genders had different smoking and/or dinking status which are also risk factors for cerebral infarction. 247 healthy Chinese Han people (controls, group 1), 287 Chinese Han male patients with cerebral infarction (group 2), and 82 Chinese Han female patients with cerebral infarction (group 3) were involved in this study.

Andrographolide inhibits the migration, invasion and matrix metalloproteinase expression of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes via inhibition of HIF-1α signaling.

Aims: Hypoxia is implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), contributing to the tumor-like phenotypes of RA fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLSs). Andrographolide is the main bioactive component of Andrographis paniculata, an herbal medicine that shows therapeutic benefits in RA patients. Here, we explored the effects of andrographolide on hypoxia-induced migration and invasion of RA-FLSs.

[Jaridonin induces apoptosis in human esophageal cancer cells by depleting GSH and inducing DNA damage].

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the molecular mechanism of apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells induced by Isodon rubescens.

Methods: The DNA-damage effect of Jaridonin was detected by single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). The p53 protein was determined by Western blot.

The role of mitochondrial tRNA variants in female breast cancer.

Mitochondrial tRNA (Mt-tRNA) variants have been found to be involved in the carcinogenesis of breast cancer. These tRNAs, which played critical roles in mitochondrial protein synthesis, were important regulators in tumorigenesis. Distinguishing the polymorphisms or mutations in mt-tRNA genes was still puzzling for the clinicians and geneticists when confronted with the breast cancer.

[Identification of marine-derived shell TCM by near infrared spectroscopy].

The identification of five marine-derived shell traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia were studied. Using near infrared technology (NIR) combined with principal component analysis (PCA) methods, Ostreae Concha, Haliotidis Concha, and Margaritifera Concha could be efficiently distinguished from Meretricis Concha together with Arcae Concha. In the first principal components, Ostreae Concha exhibited obvious differences with high loadings in 4 236, 5 263, 7 142 cm(-1) concerning to the contents of CaCO3 and H2O in the samples.