The effects of aperture position and length in side-vented needles on root canal irrigation: A computational fluid dynamics study.

Introduction: Root canal irrigation is crucial for infection control during root canal treatment. Side-vented needles for positive pressure irrigation are commonly used in clinical practice. However, variations in needle design among manufacturers can impact the fluid dynamics of irrigation.

Topology Optimization Method of Stamping Structures Based on the Directional Density Field.

The stamping process produces thin-walled structures that, in general, have uniform wall thickness and no enclosed cavity. However, it is difficult to satisfy the above geometric requirements with the current density-based topology optimization method, since configuring the related geometric constraints is challenging. In order to solve this problem, a topology optimization method for stamping structures based on a directional density field is proposed.

Preparation of Epoxy Resin with Disulfide-Containing Curing Agent and Its Application in Self-Healing Coating.

Intrinsic self-healing polymers via dynamic covalent bonds have been attracting extensive attention because of their repeatable self-healing property. Herein, a novel self-healing epoxy resin was synthesized with disulfide-containing curing agent via the condensation of dimethyl 3,3'-dithiodipropionate (DTPA) and polyether amine (PEA). Therefore, in the structure of cured resin, flexible molecular chains and disulfide bonds were imported into the cross-linked polymer networks for triggering self-healing performance.

Chitosan-Grafted Carbon Oxynitride Nanoparticles: Investigation of Photocatalytic Degradation and Antibacterial Activity.

In this work, a series of chitosan (CS)-grafted carbon oxynitride (OCN) nanoparticles (denoted as CS-OCN) were successfully synthesized for the first time by thermal polycondensation and subsequent esterification. The structure and photocatalytic performance of CS-OCN nanoparticles were investigated. The XPS spectra of CS-OCN-3 showed the presence of amino bonds.

High-conductivity thiocyanate ionic liquid interface engineering for efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

A high-conductivity thiocyanate ionic liquid (EMIMSCN) was introduced into perovskite solar cells for the first time. The high conductivity of EMIMSCN ensures an adequate supply of free SCN anions and EMIM cations, so as to multifunctionally passivate the I vacancy and Pb-I antisite defects and realize an optimized interfacial energy level. Consequently, the devices with EMIMSCN treatment achieve a high PCE of 22.

Robust Self-Assembled Molecular Passivation for High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells.

Defect passivation via post-treatment of perovskite films is an effective method to fabricate high-performance perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, the passivation durability is still an issue due to the weak and vulnerable bonding between passivating functional groups and perovskite defect sites. Here we propose a cholesterol derivative self-assembly strategy to construct crosslinked and compact membranes throughout perovskite films.

The Feasibility of Targeted Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoagent for Noninvasive IgA Nephropathy Diagnosis.

IgA nephropathy is the most common glomerular disease in the world and has become a serious threat to human health. Accurate and non-invasive molecular imaging to detect and recognize the IgA nephropathy is critical for the subsequent timely treatment; otherwise, it may progress to end-stage renal disease and lead to glomerular dysfunction. In this study, we have developed a sensitive, specific, and biocompatible integrin αvβ3-targeted superparamagnetic FeO nanoparticles (NPs) for the noninvasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of integrin αvβ3, which is overexpressed in glomerular mesangial region of IgA nephropathy.

Aspartame and sucralose extend the lifespan and improve the health status of .

Aspartame (ASP) and sucralose (SUC) are non-nutritive sweeteners which are widely consumed worldwide. They are considered safe for human consumption, but their effects on certain physiological aspects, such as the lifespan or health status, of the organism have not yet been studied in depth and only limited data are available in the literature. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of ASP and SUC on the lifespan and health indexes using () as a model system.

Evaluation of the antimicrobial effect of silver ion tubing on dental unit waterlines.

Purpose: To assess the antimicrobial effects of silver ion tubing (ST) on dental unit waterlines (DUWLs) and their sustainability over time.

Methods: Six dental chair units (DCUs) equipped with ST and four with common tubing (CT) were included in the study. Repeated flushing with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) was conducted to dislodge biofilms.

Spermidine inhibits neurodegeneration and delays aging via the PINK1-PDR1-dependent mitophagy pathway in .

Aging is the primary driver of various diseases, including common neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD). Currently there is no cure for AD and PD, and the development of novel drug candidates is demanding. Spermidine is a small anti-aging molecule with elimination of damaged mitochondria via the process of mitophagy identified as a molecular mechanism of action.

The quality of wild Salvia miltiorrhiza from Dao Di area in China and its correlation with soil parameters and climate factors.

Introduction: Salvia miltiorrhiza is a frequently used herb in traditional Chinese medicine, and tanshinone IIA (Tan IIA) and salvianolic acid B (Sal Acid B) are two major extracts obtained from its dried root. The quality of herbal ingredients can be affected by environmental factors.

Objective: To evaluate the quality of wild S.

Synthesis of Low-Viscosity Ionic Liquids for Application in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Two types of ionic liquids (ILs), 1-(3-hexenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide and 1-(3-butenyl)-3-methyl imidazolium iodide, are synthesized by introducing an unsaturated bond into the side alkyl chain of the imidazolium cation. These new ionic liquids exhibit high thermal stability and low viscosity (104 cP and 80 cP, respectively). The molecular dynamics simulation shows that the double bond introduced in the alkane chain greatly changes the molecular system space arrangement and diminishes the packing efficiency, leading to low viscosity.

Bisphenol-A antagonizes the rapidly modulating effect of DHT on spinogenesis and long-term potentiation of hippocampal neurons.

Bisphenol A (BPA), a common environmental endocrine disruptor, modulates estrogenic, antiestrogenic, and antiandrogenic effects throughout the lifespan. Recent studies found more obvious adverse effect of BPA on some neurobehavior in males than that in females. In this study, BPA at 10-100 nM rapidly increased the densities of the dendrite spine and synapse in cultured hippocampal neurons of rats in vitro within 1 h.

Multichannel Luminescence Properties of Mixed-Valent Eu/Eu Coactivated SrAlBO Nanocrystalline Phosphors for Near-UV LEDs.

Up to now, orchestrating the coexistence of Eu and Eu activators in a single host lattice has been an extremely difficult task, especially for the appearance of the characteristic emission of Eu and Eu in order to generate white light. Nevertheless, here we demonstrate a new Eu/Eu coactivated SrAlBO nanocrystalline phosphor with abundant and excellent multichannel luminescence properties. A series of Eu/Eu coactivated SrAlBO nanocrystalline phosphors were prepared through a Pechini-type sol-gel method followed by a reduction process.

CdS quantum dots confined in mesoporous TiO with exceptional photocatalytic performance for degradation of organic polutants.

In this paper, the mesoporous TiO with different concentration of CdS quantum dots (i.e., x% CdS/TiO) was successfully fabricated by the sol-gel method.

Host-Sensitized and Tunable Luminescence of GdNbO:Ln (Ln = Eu/Tb/Tm) Nanocrystalline Phosphors with Abundant Color.

Up to now, GdNbO has always been regarded as an essentially inert material in the visible region with excitation of UV light and electron beams. Nevertheless, here we demonstrate a new recreating blue emission of GdNbO nanocrystalline phosphors with a quantum efficiency of 41.6% and host sensitized luminescence in GdNbO:Ln (Ln = Eu/Tb/Tm) nanocrystalline phosphors with abundant color in response to UV light and electron beams.

Development of insecticide resistance in malaria vector Anopheles sinensis populations from Shandong province in China.

Background: Anopheles sinensis is a major vector of malaria and among the dominant species in Shandong province of China. Insecticide resistance is an important threat to vector-borne disease control. However, there are only few reports about insecticide resistance of An.

Effects of uterine and lactational exposure to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on spatial memory and NMDA receptor of hippocampus in mice.

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is an environmental endocrine disrupter. Currently, little is known about neurodevelopmental toxicity of DEHP in wildlife and humans. The present study investigated the effects of DEHP, focusing on the changes in the behavior of offspring mice at the ages of 6 and 12w, respectively, following utero and lactational exposure to DEHP (10, 50, and 200mg/kg/d) from gestation day 7 through postnatal day 21.

[Study on biological characteristics of cypermethrin-resistant and -susceptible strains of Aedes albopictus at different temperatures].

Objective: To study the biological characteristics of cypermethrin-resistance strain and -susceptible strain of Aedes albopictus under different controlled temperatures in the laboratory.

Methods: The two strains were raised at three different temperatures, 20, 25 degrees C and 28 degrees C respectively, and the biological characteristics of the two mosquito strains, such as reproduction, development and life expectancy, were observed and recorded in the laboratory.

Results: The life expectancy of both strains became shorter as the temperature raised, and the resistant strain(69.

[Progress in application of genetic control of mosquitoes].

With the specific, environmental-friendly, fast and efficient characteristics, the genetic control of mosquitoes has been preliminary shown a good effect. However, the prejudices and misunderstandings to the genetic control limit its popularization and application. Therefore, in order to re-recognize and take full advantage of this method, the recent progresses towards applying the genetic control of mosquitoes are reviewed.

Preparation of graphene/TiO2 composites by nonionic surfactant strategy and their simulated sunlight and visible light photocatalytic activity towards representative aqueous POPs degradation.

A series of graphene/TiO2 composites were fabricated using a single-step nonionic surfactant strategy combined with the solvothermal treatment technique. Their phase structure, morphology, porosity, optical absorption property, as well as composition and structure, were characterized. The as-prepared composites were successfully applied to degrade aqueous persistent organic pollutants (POPs) such as rhodamine B, aldicarb, and norfloxacin in simulated sunlight (λ>320 nm) and visible light (λ>400 nm) irradiation.

Identification of TCT, a novel knockdown resistance allele mutation and analysis of resistance detection methods in the voltage-gated Na⁺ channel of Culex pipiens pallens from Shandong Province, China.

The present study aimed to investigate deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens (C. pipiens pallens) mosquitoes and its correlation with knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations. In addition, mosquito‑resistance testing methods were analyzed.

[Research progress on antimicrobial peptides against malaria parasite].

Antimicrobial peptides have broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and high thermal stability. Researches prove that they can inhibit the development of Plasmodium or kill them. The paper focuses on research advances in their biological characteristics, natural or synthetic peptides as potential anti-Plasmodium agents in malaria research.

[Porcine MSC-derived CLC induced by rabbit's cardiomyocytes extract did not induce immune reaction in vivo].

Objective: To compare the in vivo immune reaction of transplanting porcine MSC-derived CLC with rabbit cardiomyocytes extracts induced differentiation or in vitro cultured porcine MSC.

Methods: After injecting the MSC-derived CLC or MSC to the original porcines, the number of CD4+, CD8+ T cells were determined by flow cytometry. The serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-4 were measured by ELISA, and the porcine spleen lymphocyte CTL cytotoxicity was determined by Cell Counting Kit-8 Assay.