The Current Landscape of mRNA Vaccines Against Viruses and Cancer-A Mini Review.

Both infectious viral diseases and cancer have historically been some of the most common causes of death worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic is a decidedly relevant example of the former. Despite progress having been made over past decades, new and improved techniques are still needed to address the limitations faced by current treatment standards, with mRNA-based therapy emerging as a promising solution.

A novel C-type lectin LvCTL 4.2 has antibacterial activity but facilitates WSSV infection in shrimp (L. vannamei).

Glycan-binding protein C-type lectin (CTL), one of the pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), binds to carbohydrates on the surface of pathogens and elicits antimicrobial responses in shrimp innate immunity. The objective was to identify and characterize a novel C-type lectin LvCTL 4.2 in Litopenaeus vannamei.

Effect of Hole Shift on Threshold Characteristics of GaSb-Based Double-Hole Photonic-Crystal Surface-Emitting Lasers.

Photonic-crystal (PC) surface-emitting lasers (SELs) with double-hole structure in the square-lattice unit cell were fabricated on GaSb-based type-I InGaAsSb/AlGaAsSb heterostructures. The relative shift of two holes was varied within one half of the lattice period. We measured the lasing wavelengths and threshold pumping densities of 16 PC-SELs and investigated their dependence on the double-hole shift.

Vibrio cholerae Type VI Activity Alters Motility Behavior in Mucin.

Motility is required for many bacterial pathogens to reach and colonize target sites. traverses a thick mucus barrier coating the small intestine to reach the underlying epithelium. We screened a transposon library in motility medium containing mucin to identify factors that influence mucus transit.

The gene structure and hypervariability of the complete Penaeus monodon Dscam gene.

Using two advanced sequencing approaches, Illumina and PacBio, we derive the entire Dscam gene from an M2 assembly of the complete Penaeus monodon genome. The P. monodon Dscam (PmDscam) gene is ~266 kbp, with a total of 44 exons, 5 of which are subject to alternative splicing.

Cilostazol Attenuates Retinal Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in a Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Animal Model.

Purpose: To investigate the anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of cilostazol in the ocular tissues of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats.

Materials And Methods: Diabetes was induced in 6-week-old Wistar rats via peritoneal injections of STZ. The treatment group received cilostazol 18 mg/kg/day for 8 weeks (n = 10), and the diabetic group received phosphate buffer solution (n = 20).

Intravitreal bevacizumab and panretinal photocoagulation for proliferative diabetic retinopathy associated with vitreous hemorrhage.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of intravitreal bevacizumab with panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) in the treatment of proliferate diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with vitreous hemorrhage (VH).

Methods: Forty cases (40 patients) with PDR and persistent VH were prospectively enrolled, with a follow-up period of 12 months or more. Intravitreal bevacizumab injection (1.

Recurrent advancing wavelike epitheliopathy from the opposite side of the initial presentation.

Purpose: To report an unusual case of advancing wavelike epitheliopathy that recurred at a site opposite to the initially affected site.

Methods: Single interventional case report. This report describes a 50-year-old woman who presented with advancing, wavelike epitheliopathy of her right eye that lasted 2 months.