Medical researchers' perceptions regarding research evaluation: a web-based survey in Japan.

Objectives: Japanese medical academia continues to depend on quantitative indicators, contrary to the general trend in research evaluation. To understand this situation better and facilitate discussion, this study aimed to examine how Japanese medical researchers perceive quantitative indicators and qualitative factors of research evaluation and their differences by the researchers' characteristics.

Design: We employed a web-based cross-sectional survey and distributed the self-administered questionnaire to academic society members via the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences.

Benefits to Clinicians of Nonpharmacological Distraction During Pediatric Medical Procedure.

Context: Nonpharmacologic distraction (NPD) during medical procedures in children is known to be beneficial to patients; however, no reviews have assessed their benefits to medical providers.

Objectives: We aimed to assess the benefits of NPD to medical providers.

Data Sources: We searched 5 databases for relevant articles.

Quantifying Urban-Rural Inequality in Access to Telemedicine: Descriptive Analysis of Telemedicine Uses and Providers in Japan Under COVID-19.

COVID-19 has reportedly resulted in disparities in the use of telemedicine due to several socioeconomic factors. While telemedicine was developed to overcome geographical distance, under COVID-19 telemedicine conversely might have deepened the urban-rural telemedicine divide. Especially in Japan, the authority has virtually regulated distant telemedicine use, which favored telemedicine providers who are located in close proximity to patients.

PET imaging of adenosine A(1) receptors with (11)C-MPDX as an indicator of severe cerebral ischemic insult.

Unlabelled: We examined whether measurement of the adenosine A(1) receptor (A1-R) with PET can predict the severity of ischemic brain damage using an occlusion and reperfusion model of the cat middle cerebral artery (MCA) and [1-methyl-(11)C]8-dicyclopropylmethyl-1-methyl-3-propylxanthine (MPDX), a positron-emitting radioligand developed at our institution.

Methods: Eighteen adult cats underwent PET measurement of cerebral blood flow (CBF), A1-R, central benzodiazepine receptor (BDZ-R), and glucose metabolism with (15)O-labeled water, MPDX, (11)C-flumazenil (FMZ), and (18)F-FDG, respectively. The right MCAs of 13 cats were transiently occluded via a transorbital approach with microvascular clips.

Quantitative in vivo measurement of central benzodiazepine receptors in the brain of cats by use of positron-emission tomography and [11C]flumazenil.

Objective: To map central benzodiazepine receptors (BZRs) in the brain of cats by use of positron-emission tomography (PET) and [11C]flumazenil.

Animals: 6 male cats that weighed between 2.0 and 3.

Mapping adenosine A(1) receptors in the cat brain by positron emission tomography with [(11)C]MPDX.

We evaluated the potential of [(11)C]MPDX as a radioligand for mapping adenosine A(1) receptors in comparison with previously proposed [(11)C]KF15372 in cat brain by PET. Two tracers showed the same brain distribution. Brain uptake of [(11)C]MPDX (Ki = 4.