Transformation behavior of heavy metal during Co-thermal treatment of hazardous waste incineration fly ash and slag/electroplating sludge.

In this study, the behavior of heavy metal transformation during the co-thermal treatment of hazardous waste incineration fly ash (HWIFA) and Fe-containing hazardous waste (including hazardous waste incineration bottom slag (HWIBS) and electroplating sludge (ES)) was investigated. The findings demonstrated that such a treatment effectively reduced the static leaching toxicity of Cr and Pb. Moreover, when the treatment temperature exceeded 1000 °C, the co-thermal treated sample exhibited low concentrations of dynamically leached Cr, Pb, and Zn, indicating that these heavy metals were successful detoxified.

Engineering Corynebacterium glutamicum for de novo production of 2-phenylethanol from lignocellulosic biomass hydrolysate.

Background: 2-Phenylethanol is a specific aromatic alcohol with a rose-like smell, which has been widely used in the cosmetic and food industries. At present, 2-phenylethanol is mainly produced by chemical synthesis. The preference of consumers for "natural" products and the demand for environmental-friendly processes have promoted biotechnological processes for 2-phenylethanol production.

Co-vitrification of hazardous waste incineration fly ash and hazardous waste sludge based on CaO-SiO-AlO system.

Based on the CaO-SiO-AlO system, the feasibility of co-vitrification of hazardous waste incineration fly ash (FA) and hazardous waste sludge (HWS) was verified. In the CaO-SiO-AlO ternary system diagram, the melting point of the system gradually decreases with an appropriate increase in SiO content when the CaO/AlO ratio is determined to be approximately 1. The TG-DSC results revealed that the liquid phase generation temperature in the FA and HWS mixture system was significantly lower than those of FA and HWS individually owing to the different CaO, SiO, and AlO contents; this is consistent with the results of the theoretical melting characteristics analysis, which show that the melting characteristic temperatures can be reduced by controlling the CaO-SiO-AlO ratio in the system.

The multiple effects of REG1 deletion and SNF1 overexpression improved the production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Background: Saccharomyces cerevisiae is often used as a cell factory for the production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) for diverse pharmaceutical applications. However, SAM production by S. cerevisiae is negatively influenced by glucose repression, which is regulated by a serine/threonine kinase SNF1 complex.

Evolution and Genetic Diversity of the Retroviral Envelope in Anamniotes.

Retroviruses are widely distributed in all vertebrates, as are their endogenous forms, endogenous retroviruses (ERV), which serve as "fossil" evidence to trace the ancient origins and history of virus-host interactions over millions of years. The retroviral envelope (Env) plays a significant role in host range determination, but major information on their genetic diversification and evolution in anamniotes is lacking. Here, by incorporating multiple-round similarity search and phylogenomic analysis, more than 30,000 copies of ERV lineages with gamma-type Env (GTE), covalently associated Env, were discovered by searching against all fish and amphibian genomes and transcriptomic assemblies, but no beta-type Env (BTE), noncovalently associated Env, was found.

Genetically Divergent Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N8) Viruses in Wild Birds, Eastern China.

In late 2020, we detected 32 highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N8) viruses in migratory ducks in Shanghai, China. Phylogenetic analysis of 5 representative isolates identified 2 sublineages of clade 2.3.

Human Endogenous Retroviruses as Biomedicine Markers.

Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs) were formed via ancient integration of exogenous retroviruses into the human genome and are considered to be viral "fossils". The human genome is embedded with a considerable amount of HERVs, witnessing the long-term evolutionary history of the viruses and the host. Most HERVs have lost coding capability during selection but still function in terms of HERV-mediated regulation of host gene expression.

Increasing glycolysis by deletion of kcs1 and arg82 improved S-adenosyl-L-methionine production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Reprogramming glycolysis for directing glycolytic metabolites to a specific metabolic pathway is expected to be useful for increasing microbial production of certain metabolites, such as amino acids, lipids or considerable secondary metabolites. In this report, a strategy of increasing glycolysis by altering the metabolism of inositol pyrophosphates (IPs) for improving the production of S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) for diverse pharmaceutical applications in yeast is presented. The genes associated with the metabolism of IPs, arg82, ipk1 and kcs1, were deleted, respectively, in the yeast strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae CGMCC 2842.

Erratum to: Bat origin of a new human coronavirus: there and back again.

We miscalculated identities of several genes, and the corrected Table 1 should be as follows.

Ruscogenin suppressed the hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third-leading cause of cancer-related mortality with poor prognosis and treatment. More effective strategies should be studied in HCC.

Methods: After treated with ruscogenin, the cell proliferation was assessed by CCK-8 method.