Double enhancement of protonation and conjugation in donor-imine-donor covalent organic frameworks for photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have emerged as highly promising platforms for photocatalytic water splitting. However, exploring the structure-activity relationships in different COF systems remains challenging. In this study, three donor-imine-donor (D-I-D) COFs as relatively pure model materials were carefully selected to investigate the effect of protonation and conjugation on the mechanism of photocatalytic H evolution.

Selective regulation of products for guaiacol hydrodeoxygenation by adjusting type and acidity of supports.

Upgrading lignin-oil into advanced fuels or chemicals has been widely studied in recent years. To understand the effect of support type and acidity on the hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of guaiacol (lignin-oil model compound), Ni-based catalysts were prepared with SiO, AlO and ZSM-5 as supports, respectively. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), N adsorption desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Pyridine adsorption Fourier-transform infrared (Py-IR).

Revitalizing Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy for Bladder Cancer: Nanotechnology and Bioengineering Approaches.

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) immunotherapy has been a cornerstone treatment for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer for decades and still faces challenges, such as severe immune adverse reactions, which reduce its use as a first-line treatment. This review examines BCG therapy's history, mechanisms, and current status, highlighting how nanotechnology and bioengineering are revitalizing its application. We discuss novel nanocarrier systems aimed at enhancing BCG's efficacy while mitigating specific side effects.

The methods for improving the biodegradability of oily sludge: a critical review.

Biological degradation method, as an environmentally friendly, low-carbon, and clean pollution treatment technology, is widely used for the harmless disposal of oily sludge. The biodegradability of oily sludge with stable emulsification system, high oil, and water content is poor. Therefore, it is necessary to pre-treat the oily sludge to improve its biodegradability, including recover the petroleum resources and remove heavy metals and bio-toxic organic matters.

Decoding state-dependent cortical-cerebellar cellular functional connectivity in the mouse brain.

The cortex and cerebellum form multi-synaptic reciprocal connections. We investigate the functional connectivity between single spiking cerebellar neurons and the population activity of the mouse dorsal cortex using mesoscale imaging. Cortical representations of individual cerebellar neurons vary significantly across different brain states but are drawn from a common set of cortical networks.

Effects of Platelet-Rich Plasma Combined with Physical Therapy on IL-1β, TGF-β1, and MMP-3 in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis.

The occurrence of osteoarthritis in the knee joint is regulated by a complex network, and there is currently no specific therapeutic drug available. Functional exercises and treatments targeting inflammatory factors have shown the potential to alleviate knee osteoarthritis to some extent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the intra-articular injection (IAI) of autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) combined with physical therapy (PT) in treating knee osteoarthritis.

Methionine Promotes Milk Protein Synthesis via the PI3K-mTOR Signaling Pathway in Human Mammary Epithelial Cells.

Breast milk is widely considered to be the most natural, safe, and complete food for infants. However, current breastfeeding rates fall short of the recommendations established by the World Health Organization. Despite this, there are few studies that have focused on the promotion of human lactation through nutrient supplementation.

Mesotrode chronic simultaneous mesoscale cortical imaging and subcortical or peripheral nerve spiking activity recording in mice.

Brain function originates from hierarchical spatial-temporal neural dynamics distributed across cortical and subcortical networks. However, techniques available to assess large-scale brain network activity with single-neuron resolution in behaving animals remain limited. Here, we present Mesotrode that integrates chronic wide-field mesoscale cortical imaging and compact multi-site cortical/subcortical cellular electrophysiology in head-fixed mice that undergo self-initiated running or orofacial movements.

[Quality status of Bombyx Batryticatus and suggestions for Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2025)].

To understand the current quality status and rearing situation of Bombyx Batryticatus, the authors collected 102 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus from different main producing areas and five major Chinese medicine markets from 2016 to 2018, and measured the properties and quality of the silk gland, to clarify the quality status of Bombyx Batryticatus from different producing areas and markets. In addition, 35 batches of Bombyx Batryticatus from 2019 to 2022 were used to verify the silk gland after revision. Moreover, Beauveria Bassiana was inoculated in the silkworm of 4-5 instars, and standardized rearing was carried out until they die.

Investigation of Vibration During Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing.

Wire and arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) is becoming a promising technique due to its high deposition rate and low cost. However, WAAM faces challenges of coarse grains. In this study, a novel vibration method was proposed to suppress these imperfections of WAAM.

Disposable Polypropylene Face Masks: A Potential Source of Micro/Nanoparticles and Organic Contaminates in Humans.

We have been effectively protected by disposable propylene face masks during the COVID-19 pandemic; however, they may pose health risks due to the release of fine particles and chemicals. We measured micro/nanoparticles and organic chemicals in disposable medical masks, surgical masks, and (K)N95 respirators. In the breathing-simulation experiment, no notable differences were found in the total number of particles among mask types or between breathing intensities.

Safety, Biodistribution, and Dosimetry Study of Meplazumab, a Potential COVID-19 Therapeutic Drug, with I-Labeling and SPECT Imaging.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a serious threat to public health and is in urgent need of specific drugs. Meplazumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting CD147, was confirmed to competitively block the binding between the spike of syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and CD147, making meplazumab a promising candidate drug for COVID-19. In this study, biodistribution and dosimetry of I-labeled meplazumab were performed to further evaluate its potential as a therapeutic drug for COVID-19.

Effect-directed analysis for revealing aryl hydrocarbon receptor agonists in sediment samples from an electronic waste recycling town in China.

Exposure to electronic and electrical waste (e-waste) has been related to a few adverse health effects. In this study, sediment samples from an e-waste recycling town in China were collected, and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) agonists in the samples were identified using an effect-directed analysis (EDA) strategy. The CBG2.

Closed-state inactivation of cardiac, skeletal, and neuronal sodium channels is isoform specific.

Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels produce the upstroke of action potentials in excitable tissues throughout the body. The gating of these channels is determined by the asynchronous movements of four voltage-sensing domains (VSDs). Past studies on the skeletal muscle Nav1.

[Effect of bone cement distribution on the clinical outcome of unilateral transpedicular puncture for spinal osteoporotic fractures].

Objective: To investigate the effects of different bone cement morphology distribution on the clinical efficacy of unilateral percutaneous vertebroplasty(PVP) for spinal osteoporotic fractures.

Methods: The clinical data of 66 patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures received unilateral PVP treatment from January 2019 to April 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were 16 males and 50 females, including 83 vertebral bodies, 45 thoracic vertebrae and 38 lumbar vertebrae, and 55 patients with single-segment, 6 double-segment, 4 three-segment and 1 four-segment.

Effect-directed analysis of estrogenic chemicals in sediments from an electronic-waste recycling area.

Electronic waste (e-waste) pollution is of great concern due to the release of hazardous chemicals during the improper e-waste disposal. Many chemicals leached from e-waste were reported to pose estrogenic effects. To date, little is known regarding the occurrence and biological effects of estrogenic chemicals in sediments near an e-waste area.

Establishment and Optimization of Radiomics Algorithms for Prediction of KRAS Gene Mutation by Integration of NSCLC Gene Mutation Mutual Exclusion Information.

To assess the significance of mutation mutual exclusion information in the optimization of radiomics algorithms for predicting gene mutation. We retrospectively analyzed 258 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Patients were randomly divided into training ( = 180) and validation ( = 78) cohorts.

Spliced isoforms of the cardiac Nav1.5 channel modify channel activation by distinct structural mechanisms.

Alternative splicing is an important cellular mechanism that fine tunes the gating properties of both voltage- and ligand-gated ion-channels. The cardiac voltage-gated sodium channel, Nav1.5, is subject to alternative splicing of the DI S3-S4 linker, which generates two types of channels with different activation properties.

Optimization of Enzymolysis Clearance Strategy To Enhance Renal Clearance of Radioligands.

The kidney is the main dose-limiting organ in radioligand therapy (RLT), and there is an urgent need for reducing renal radioactivity accumulation. According to the enzymolysis clearance strategy, the first objective of this study is to test whether enzymolysis efficiency can be improved by introducing a hydrophobic amino acid with a bulkier side chain to the second position of the cleavable sequence, and the second objective is to screen an optimal sequence to minimize the renal uptake. Four exendin 4 (Ex4) peptide analogues with different cleavable sequences were synthesized and labeled with Ga.

Upregulation of HOXC9 generates interferon-gamma resistance in gastric cancer by inhibiting the DAPK1/RIG1/STAT1 axis.

Clinical reports indicate that gastric cancer (GC) has a high mortality rate, but its pathological mechanism remains poorly understood. This work integrated bioinformatics analysis with experimental verification to explore novel biomarkers of gastric cancer. First, weighted gene coexpression network analysis was applied to screen significant genes correlated with GC development.