A pyridinium-functionalized chitosan derivative as ecofriendly carrier for efficient adsorption and controlled release of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid sodium.

Herbicides with wide use and low efficiency in agriculture severely threaten the environment. However, employing adsorbents and controlled-release formulations (CRFs) can alleviate these environmental risks. Herein, a pyridinium-functionalized chitosan derivative (PFCS) was prepared successfully and characterized by various techniques.

Comprehensive profiling and identification of C21 steroids in the root of Marsdenia tenacissima (Dai-Bai-Jie) using offline two-dimensional chromatography (LC × SFC) with Q-TOF/MS.

Dai-Bai-Jie, the root of the plant Marsdenia tenacissima from the Asclepiadaceae family, is well-known for its therapeutic effects in clearing heat, detoxifying, reducing swelling, and relieving pain as one of the most commonly used Dai medicine. Due to numerous structurally similar C21 steroidal compounds in Dai-Bai-Jie, chemical composition profiling has been substantially challenged. In this study, an offline two-dimensional chromatographic method (LC × SFC separation system) was developed to address these issues.

Mechanical regulation of lipid and sugar absorption by Piezo1 in enterocytes.

Obesity is primarily caused by excessive intake as well as absorption of sugar and lipid. Postprandial surge in distention pressure and intestinal motility accelerates the absorption of nutrients. The response of intestinal epithelial cells to mechanical stimulation is not fully understood.

A Senescence-Mimicking (Senomimetic) VEGFR TKI Side Effect Primes Tumor Immune Responses via IFN/STING Signaling.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that block the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) not only disrupt tumor angiogenesis but also have many unexpected side effects that impact tumor cells directly. This includes the induction of molecular markers associated with senescence, a form of cellular aging that typically involves growth arrest. We have shown that VEGFR TKIs can hijack these aging programs by transiently inducting senescence markers (SMs) in tumor cells to activate senescence-associated secretory programs that fuel drug resistance.

A senescence-mimicking (senomimetic) VEGFR TKI side-effect primes tumor immune responses via IFN/STING signaling.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that block the vascular endothelial growth factor receptors (VEGFRs) disrupt tumor angiogenesis but also have many unexpected side-effects that impact tumor cells directly. This includes the induction of molecular markers associated with senescence, a form of cellular aging that typically involves growth arrest. We have shown that VEGFR TKIs can hijack these aging programs by transiently inducting senescence-markers (SMs) in tumor cells to activate senescence-associated secretory programs that fuel drug resistance.

The design of a linear voltage divider based on metal oxide arresters.

In recent years, linearization technology for nonlinear devices has become a hot topic in many fields. In this study, a linear voltage divider based on metal oxide arresters was designed by combining linearization technology and electrical measurement technology to solve the objective problems of online voltage monitoring. These problems include high difficulty in equipment installation, low measurement accuracy, and poor economic benefits.

[Qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of the chemical components of the seed coat and kernel of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen].

Ziziphi Spinosae Semen refers to the dried seed of Mill. var. (Bunge) Hu ex H.

Water self-purification via electron donation effect of emerging contaminants arousing oxygen activation over ordered carbon-enhanced CoFe quantum dots.

The release of emerging contaminants (ECs) into aquatic environments poses a significant risk to global water security. Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs), while effective in removing ECs, are often resource and energy-intensive. Here, we introduce a novel catalyst, CoFe quantum dots embedded in graphene nanowires (CoFeQds@GN-Nws), synthesized through anaerobic polymerization.

Reprogrammable, intelligent soft origami LEGO coupling actuation, computation, and sensing.

Tightly integrating actuation, computation, and sensing in soft materials allows soft robots to respond autonomously to their environments. However, fusing these capabilities within a single soft module in an efficient, programmable, and compatible way is still a significant challenge. Here, we introduce a strategy for integrating actuation, computation, and sensing capabilities in soft origami.

Evolution of organic phosphor through precision regulation of nonradiative decay.

Development of single-component organic phosphor attracts increasing interest due to its wide applications in optoelectronic technologies. Theoretically, activating efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) via (π, π*) to (π, π*) transitions, rather than (n, π*) → (π, π*) transitions, is an alternative access to purely organic phosphors but remains challenging. Herein, we designed and successfully synthesized the sila-8-membered ring fused biaryl benzoskeleton by transition metal catalysis, which served as a new organic phosphor with efficient (π, π*) to (π, π*) ISC.

Isolation and structural elucidation of prebiotic oligosaccharides from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen.

Six oligosaccharides were discovered and isolated for the first time from Ziziphi Spinosae Semen. On the basis of spectroscopic analysis, their structures were determined to be verbascose (1), verbascotetraose (2), stachyose (3), manninotriose (4), raffinose (5), and melibiose (6). The prebiotic effect of the oligosaccharide fraction was assayed by eight gut bacterial growth in vitro, revealing a significant increase in cell density, up to 4-fold, for Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus gasseri, and Lactobacillus johnsonii.

Combining Radiotherapy and Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Despite significant advances in well-established treatment techniques, prognosis for advanced-stage HNSCC remains poor. Recent, accumulating evidence supports a role for immunotherapy in HNSCC treatment.

The effect of hearing impairment and social participation on depressive symptoms in older adults: a cross-lagged analysis.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between hearing impairment, depressive symptoms, and social participation in older adults.

Methods: The study used data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2013 and 2018, which included 3,980 samples. The analysis was conducted using cross-lagged structural equation modeling with SPSS 23.

Organic All-Photonic Artificial Synapses Enabled by Anti-Stokes Photoluminescence.

All-photonic synaptic devices with the merits of visible signals and high spatiotemporal resolution are promising to break the Von Neumann bottleneck. Although organic synapses outperform their inorganic counterpart for easy molecular modulation and lower energy consumption, the organic all-photonic artificial synapse has never been reported. Here, all-photonic synaptic characteristics were unprecedentedly observed in an organic semiconductor, (3,6-dimethyl-9-carbazol-9-yl)(thiophen-2-yl) methanone (), with anti-Stokes photoluminescence.

Two-In-One: End-Emitting Blue LED and Self-Powered UV Photodetector based on Single Trapezoidal PIN GaN Microwire for Ambient Light UV Monitoring and Feedback.

With the continuous miniaturization and integration of the semiconductor industry, micro/nanoscale integrated photonics has received extensive attention as a key technology for optical communication, optical storage, and optical interconnection. Here, a two-in-one device is reported with both unidirectional blue light emission and UV photodetection functions based on single trapezoidal PIN GaN microwire. By constructing a Fabry-Perot resonator cavity structure, the end-emitting blue light-emitting diode with a low turn-on voltage (≈0.

Enhanced purification of kitchen-oil wastewater driven synergistically by surface microelectric fields and microorganisms.

The stable structure and toxic effect of refractory organic pollutants in wastewater lead to the problem of high energy consumption in water treatment technology. Herein, we propose a synergistic purification of refractory wastewater driven by microorganisms and surface microelectric fields (SMEF) over a dual-reaction-center (DRC) catalyst HCLL-S8-M prepared by an in situ growth method of carbon nitride on the Cu-AlO surface. Characterization techniques demonstrate the successful construction of SMEF with strong electrostatic force over HCLL-S8-M based on cation-π interactions between metal copper ions and carbon nitride rings.

Qualitative and quantitative studies on two commercial specifications of .

The rhizoma of (PO) is used to treat yin injuries of the lung and stomach in traditional Chinese medicine. The chemical constituents of this herb are steroidal saponins, homoisoflavanones, and alkaloids. Xiangyuzhu (XPO) and Guanyuzhu (GPO) are available in the market as two specifications of the commodity.

Resourcelized conversion of livestock manure to porous cage microsphere for eliminating emerging contaminants under peroxymonosulfate trigger.

Pollution and resource waste caused by the improper disposal of livestock manure, and the threat from the release of emerging contaminants (ECs), are global challenges. Herein, we address the both problems simultaneously by the resourcelized conversion of chicken manure into porous Co@CM cage microspheres (CCM-CMSs) for ECs degradation through the graphitization process and Co-doping modification step. CCM-CMSs exhibit excellent performance for ECs degradation and actual wastewater purification under peroxymonosulfate (PMS) initiation, and show adaptability to complex water environments.

Development of a repetitive plasma source for simulation of mitigated edge localized mode transient heat load.

A repetitive plasma source for simulation of mitigated edge localized mode transient heat load is developed. The repetitive plasma source consists of a repetitive pulsed power supply and a pulsed plasma accelerator. The pulsed plasma accelerator is composed of a coaxial cathode, an anode, and an insulator.

Optimal Dihedral Angle in Twisted Donor-Acceptor Organic Emitters for Maximized Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence.

The twisted donor-acceptor (D-A) organic formwork with a large dihedral angle (θ ) is usually adopted to narrow the singlet-triplet energy gap for obtaining excellent thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters. However, the dependence of overall TADF properties on θ has not been systematically investigated to this day. Taking new designed CzBP, CzBP-1M and CzBP-2M via introducing methyl as investigated models, it is found that (i) with increasing θ , the charge transfer component in S is larger than that in T in varying degrees, leading to non-monotonic spin-orbit couplings; (ii) the electron-vibration couplings between S and T states become the largest when θ approaching 80°, facilitating phonon-driven up-conversion; (iii) the overall TADF rate reaches a peak at θ ≈80°.

Insight into Isomeric Effect on the Photoluminescence and Mechanoluminescence of Cyanostilbene Derivatives.

Molecular structures, packings, and intermolecular interactions significantly affect the photophysical properties of organic luminogens. In this work, the photoluminescence (PL) and mechanoluminescence (ML) of two pairs of isomers, / and /, were systematically explored. The fluorescence of crystals and is much brighter than that of their isomers and , respectively.

White Emissions Containing Room Temperature Phosphorescence from Different Excited States of a D-π-A Molecule Depending on the Aggregate States.

Development of pure organic molecular materials with room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) and their applications for white emitters have received significant attentions recently. Herein, a D-π-A molecule (DMACPPY) which can realize white emitting under ambient conditions both in the crystal state and the doped-film state by combining RTP with two fluorescent emissions is reported. The white emission from the crystalline sample of DMACPPY consists fluorescence from S (the second excited singlet state) and S (the first excited singlet state) along with RTP from T (the first excited triplet state), namely, SST-type white light.

Immunization with short peptide particles reveals a functional CD8 T-cell neoepitope in a murine renal carcinoma model.

Background: Induction of CD8 T cells that recognize immunogenic, mutated protein fragments in the context of major histocompatibility class I (MHC-I) is a pressing challenge for cancer vaccine development.

Methods: Using the commonly used murine renal adenocarcinoma RENCA cancer model, MHC-I restricted neoepitopes are predicted following next-generation sequencing. Candidate neoepitopes are screened in mice using a potent cancer vaccine adjuvant system that converts short peptides into immunogenic nanoparticles.