Tunable base-controlled chemoselective synthesis of trifluoromethyl-containing -substituted benzimidazole-2-thiones and monofluorinated 4-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-][1,3]thiazine.

A highly efficient base-controlled synthesis of -β-trifluoromethyl-substituted 2-benzo[]imidazole-2-thiones and 2-fluoro-4-benzo[4,5]imidazo[2,1-][1,3]thiazines hydroamination or defluorinative cyclizations of α-(trifluoromethyl)styrenes with 2-mercaptobenzimidazole was developed.

The role of CISD1 reduction in macrophages in promoting COPD development through M1 polarization and mitochondrial dysfunction.

Background: The mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress imbalance caused by macrophage polarization play a role in the progression of COPD, with CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 1 (CISD1) playing a key role. This study revealed the role and mechanism of CISD1 in smoke-induced macrophages.

Methods: Using a pure cigarette smoke exposure-induced COPD mouse model, stimulation of Raw264.

Facile Synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl thioethers via DBN-catalyzed Hydrothiolation of α-(Trifluoromethyl)styrenes with Thiols.

A very simple and atom-economical method for the synthesis of vicinal trifluoromethyl thioethers via DBN-catalyzed hydrothiolation of α-(trifluoromethyl)styrenes with thiols was reported. The reaction proceeded smoothly under mild reaction conditions and provided the β-CF-thioethers in moderate to good yields in an anti-Markovnikov manner. Furthermore, this method features several remarkable advantages, such as the use of a catalytic amount of DBN, broad substrate scope, excellent functional group compatibility, and easy scalability.

Two-step synthesis of vicinal trifluoromethyl primary amines from α-(trifluoromethyl)styrenes and phthalimide.

A novel two-step synthesis of β-trifluoromethyl primary amines from readily available α-(trifluoromethyl)styrenes and phthalimide is developed. The first step involves a hydroamination between α-(trifluoromethyl)styrenes and phthalimide (PhthNH) with the assistance of a base. Next, the hydrazinolysis of the resulting -(β-trifluoromethyl-β-arylethyl)phthalimides with hydrazine hydrate affords the desired -(β-trifluoromethyl-β-arylethyl)amines.

The Effect of Perceived Value on Consumers' Repurchase Intention of Commercial Ice Stadium: The Mediating Role of Community Interactions.

The 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics has created unprecedented opportunities for China's commercial ice rinks, where improving consumers' repurchase intention is essential for their high-quality development. This paper explores the mediation effect of community interactions between perceived value and commercial ice rink consumers' repurchase intention based on the theory of perceived value. Through a questionnaire survey, we collected 347 valid questionnaire from consumers of commercial ice rinks.

Novel temperature-independent microfiber sensor fabricated with the tapering-twisting-tapering technique.

In this paper, a novel twist and refractive index microfiber sensor fabricated with the tapering-twisting-tapering technique has been proposed and demonstrated, for the first time to the best of our knowledge. Experimental results show that the interference intensity of the microfiber increases with the increment of pre-tapered length and the intervening twist number. The sensitivity of the microfiber sensor with respect to twist is found to be 2.