Multi-Electron Transfer Halide Cathode Materials Based on Intercalation-Conversion Reaction Towards All-Solid-State Lithium Batteries.

All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) with non-flammable solid-state electrolytes offer high energy density and enhanced safety. However, their energy densities are greatly limited by low-capacity and low-ionic-conductivity oxide cathode materials, typically relying on the intercalation-deintercalation mechanism with a catholyte content of 15-30 wt %. Here we introduce the LiFeX (X=Cl, Br) families as high-capacity and high-ionic-conductivity alternatives, operating via a 3 mol e transfer intercalation-conversion coupling reaction.

TYROBP serve as potential immune-related signature genes in the acute phase of intracerebral hemorrhage.

The development of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a dynamic process and intervention during the acute phase of ICH is critical for subsequent recovery. Therefore, it is crucial to screen potential signature genes and therapeutic target genes in the acute phase of ICH. In this study, based on the results of mRNA sequencing in mouse ICH and mRNA sequencing of human ICH from online databases, top five potential signature genes after ICH, Tyrobp, Itgb2, Tlr2, Ptprc and Itgam, were screened.

The proactive and reactive mechanisms of learned spatial suppression.

Selection history refers to the notion that previous allocations of attention or suppression have the potential to elicit lingering and enduring selection biases that are isolated from goal-driven or stimulus-driven attention. However, in the singleton detection mode task, manipulating the selection history of distractors cannot give rise to pure proactive inhibition. Therefore, we employed a combination of a working memory task and a feature search mode task, simultaneously recording cortical activity using EEG, to investigate the mechanisms of suppression guided by selection history.

In Situ Formation of Compound Eye-like SAN-OSB Composite Microspheres by Melt-Blending Method: Enhancing Multiple-Scattering Effect.

The preparation of novel structures of light-diffusing particles is currently a research focus in the field of light-diffusing materials. This study, conducted by the common melt-blending process, controlled thermodynamic and kinetic factors to distribute smaller-sized organic silica bead (OSB) particles at the interface between a polycarbonate (PC) matrix and spherical island-phase styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN) for the in situ formation of compound eye-like microspheres with SAN as "large eyes" and OSBs as "small eyes". Through the multiple-scattering effects of these compound eye-like microspheres, these light-diffusing materials significantly improved the haze, scattering range, and light-shielding capabilities while maintaining high transmittance.

Enantiopure trigonal bipyramidal coordination cages templated by in situ self-organized D-symmetric anions.

The control of a molecule's geometry, chirality, and physical properties has long been a challenging pursuit. Our study introduces a dependable method for assembling D-symmetric trigonal bipyramidal coordination cages. Specifically, D-symmetric anions, like oxalate and chloranilic anions, self-organize around a metal ion to form chiral-at-metal anionic complexes, which template the formation of D-symmetric trigonal bipyramidal coordination cages.

TonEBP: A Key Transcription Factor in Microglia Following Intracerebral Hemorrhage Induced-Neuroinflammation.

Transcription factors within microglia contribute to the inflammatory response following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). Therefore, we employed bioinformatics screening to identify the potential transcription factor tonicity-responsive enhancer-binding protein (TonEBP) within microglia. Inflammatory stimuli can provoke an elevated expression of TonEBP in microglia.

Notes on (Cyperaceae) from China (IX): three new species of section Mitratae s.l.

Carexsect.Mitratae s.l.

Identification of epidermal growth factor receptor as an immune-related biomarker in epilepsy using multi-transcriptome data.

Background: Epilepsy is a chronic disease that is characterized by transient brain dysfunction caused by an abrupt abnormal neuronal discharge. Recent studies have indicated that the pathways related to inflammation and innate immunity play significant roles in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, suggesting an interrelationship between immunity and inflammatory processes and epilepsy. However, the immune-related mechanisms are still not precisely understood; therefore, this study aimed to explore the immune-related mechanisms in epilepsy disorders, highlight the role of immune cells at the molecular level in epilepsy, and provide therapeutic targets for patients with epilepsy.

Ternary alloy (FeCoNi) nanoparticles supported on hollow porous carbon with defects for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction.

Low-cost non-noble metal nanoparticles are promising electrocatalysts that can catalyze oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Various factors such as poor activity and stability hinder the practical applications of these materials. The electroactivity and durability of the electrocatalysts can be improved by optimizing the morphology and composition of the materials.

Synergy between endo/exo-glucanases and expansin enhances enzyme adsorption and cellulose conversion.

Effective binding between cellulases and cellulose is essential for enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulose. Expansin can loosen the cellulose structure and can enhance the efficiency of cellulase. However, possible synergy between cellulases and expansin is not clear.

Real-Time QCM-D Monitoring of the Adsorption-Desorption of Expansin on Lignin.

Expansin has nonhydrolytic disruptive activity and synergistically acts with cellulases to enhance the hydrolysis of cellulose. The adsorption-desorption of expansin on noncellulosic lignin can greatly affect the action of expansin on lignocellulose. In this study, three lignins with different sources (kraft lignin (KL), sodium lignin sulfonate (SLS), and enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL)) were selected as the substrates.

Real-time adsorption and action of expansin on cellulose.

Background: Biological pretreatment is an environmentally safe method for disrupting recalcitrant structures of lignocellulose and thereby improving their hydrolysis efficiency. Expansin and expansin-like proteins act synergistically with cellulases during hydrolysis. A systematic analysis of the adsorption behavior and mechanism of action of expansin family proteins can provide a basis for the development of highly efficient pretreatment methods for cellulosic substrates using expansins.

Real-Time Adsorption of Exo- and Endoglucanases on Cellulose: Effect of pH, Temperature, and Inhibitors.

Effective regulation of cellulase adsorption is key to improving the efficiencies of the two major bottlenecks of lignocellulose hydrolysis and cellulase recovery. In this work, we investigated the effect of inhibitors, pH, and temperature on the adsorption of exo- and endoglucanases (Cel7A and Cel7B, respectively) on cellulose using quartz crystal microgravimetry with dissipation. The addition of glucose and cellobiose can both inhibit the hydrolysis activity of Cel7A, whereas only cellobiose can inhibit that of Cel7B.