Impact of living patterns and social participation on the health vulnerability of urban and rural older persons in Jiangsu Province, China.

Background: This study analyzes the influence of living patterns and social participation on the health vulnerability of older people in urban and rural areas and provides a reference for addressing this vulnerability.

Methods: A total of 3500 participants aged 60 years and above from Jiangsu Province, China, were surveyed. The vulnerability index, which evaluates self-rated health, risk of falling, general pain or discomfort, chronic diseases, emotional characteristics, depression, anxiety, is used to measure health vulnerability.

Epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on lip and oral cavity cancer burden across the BRICS from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) is one of the common malignant tumors of the head and neck, posing significant health and economic burdens. The BRICS, including Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa, represent a large global population, presenting unique public health challenges. This study aims to evaluate the epidemiological trends and variations in the burden of LOC across BRICS in a timely manner.

Time trends in the incidence of pelvic organ prolapse across the BRICS: an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2019.

Background: As a female-specific health problem, pelvic organ prolapse (POP) causes serious damage to the physical and psychological health of numerous women, which poses a significant challenge to women's health care worldwide, especially in developing countries. We conducted an in-depth analysis of trends in the incidence of POP over the past 30 years globally and in Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS countries).

Materials And Methods: Data on the incidence of POP were obtained by location (5 countries), age (15-94 years old), year (1990-2019) from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

Investigating POU3F4 in cancer: Expression patterns, prognostic implications, and functional roles in tumor immunity.

Research has demonstrated that POU3F4 is integral to various cancers, in addition to its significance in inner ear development, pancreatic differentiation, as well as neural stem cell differentiation. Nevertheless, comprehensive pan-cancer analyses focusing on POU3F4 remain limited. This study aims to assess the prognostic value of POU3F4 in thirty-three cancers and explore its immune-related functions.

Epidemiological trends and age-period-cohort effects on ischemic stroke burden across the BRICS-plus from 1992 to 2021.

Background: Ischemic stroke, accounting for 85% of stroke cases, leads to severe disabilities and increased mortality. Its global incidence rose by 87.55% from 1990 to 2019, posing significant health and economic burdens.

Effects of Nutrition-Specific Interventions to Prevent and Control Nutrition-Related Anemia in Infants, Children, and Adolescents: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Anemia is a prevalent health issue among children and adolescents worldwide, with malnutrition being among the most common causes. Nutrition-related anemia can be prevented or controlled through targeted interventions.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of nutrition interventions on ferritin concentration, hemoglobin concentration, anemia prevalence, and nutrition-related anemia prevalence in infants, children, and adolescents-and to compare outcomes by intervention and age group using network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Numerical Simulation of Galvanic Corrosion and Electrical Insulation for TC4/304 Galvanic Couple.

The galvanic corrosion and electrical insulation between TC4 Ti-alloy and 304 stainless steel coupled in pipe joints were investigated using the finite element method. The results obtained from polarization were applied as boundary conditions. The simulation incorporated secondary current distribution with chemical species transport and laminar flow.

Understanding the microbial processes on carbon brushes that accelerate methanogenesis of long-chain fatty acids in anaerobic digestion.

Lipids offer high energy recovery potential during anaerobic digestion (AD), but their hydrolysis generates long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs), which are difficult to biodegrade. The introduction of microbial electrolysis cells has been widely recognized as a promising strategy to enhance AD. However, it is still under debate whether the electrical circuit needs to be connected, as certain electrodes with large specific surface areas have been reported to enhance direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) without requiring an external power supply.

Intergenerational support, activities of daily living, and the interaction on psychological distress in older adults.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of intergenerational support and activities of daily living (ADL) on psychological distress in older adults, and to analyse the effects of the interaction between ADL and intergenerational support on psychological distress in older adults.

Methods: A probability sample of 1,065 older adults aged 60 and above was conducted in Xuzhou, China, from 18 June to 26 August 2023. ADL was assessed using the ADL scale combined with the Barthel Index; Intergenerational support was measured using the Intergenerational Support Scale; and psychological distress was measured using the Kessler 10 scale.

Influence of induced electric field on cold brew coffee: Temperature rise, physicochemical properties, and shelf life.

Cold brew coffee has gained significant popularity in the global market. This study examined the differences in chemical properties and flavor of cold brew coffee during storage, which was subjected to low-temperature pasteurization using induced electric field (IEF) at temperatures of 52 °C and 58 °C for 92 s, corresponding to 18.52 V/cm and 25.

Effects of Three Modification Methods on the In Vitro Gastrointestinal Digestion and Colonic Fermentation of Dietary Fiber from Lotus Leaves.

Shear emulsifying (SE), ball milling (BM), and autoclave treatment (AT) were utilized for the modification of lotus leaves, and the effects on in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation of insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) from lotus leaves were compared. Compared with SEIDF and ATIDF, BMIDF released more polyphenols and exhibited better antioxidant capacity during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The IDF of lotus leaves changed the gut microbiota composition during in vitro colonic fermentation.

Pharmacological inhibition of the NLRP3 inflammasome attenuates kidney apoptosis, fibrosis, and injury in Dahl salt-sensitive rats.

Background: Salt-sensitive hypertension (SSH) is the most severe form of hypertension, and the presence of NLRP3 inflammasome plays a crucial role in its pathogenesis. Although MCC950 has shown therapeutic potential for hypertension and kidney injury, its mechanism of action remains unclear.

Methods: Dahl salt-sensitive (SS) rats and their salt-tolerant aptamer control SS-13 (BN) rats were randomly assigned to four groups: SS rats intraperitoneally administered physiological saline (SS + vehicle) or MCC950 (SS + MCC950), and BN rats intraperitoneally administered physiological saline (BN + vehicle) or MCC950 (BN + MCC950).

Time trends in maternal hypertensive disorder incidence in Brazil, Russian Federation, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS): an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2021.

Objectives: Maternal hypertensive disorder (MHD) is a leading cause of significant maternal and fetal mortality and morbidity. The BRICS nations are crucial in the global MHD landscape, given their large populations and varied healthcare infrastructures. This investigation evaluates the incidence trends of MHD in BRICS countries from 1992 to 2021.

Semantic information guided diffusion posterior sampling for remote sensing image fusion.

The task of image fusion for optical images and SAR images is to integrate valuable information from source images. Recently, owing to powerful generation, diffusion models, e.g.

Quantitative Changes and Transformation Mechanisms of Saponin Components in Chinese Herbal Medicines during Storage and Processing: A Review.

Saponins are an important class of active components in Chinese herbal medicines (CHMs), which are present in large quantities in , , , etc., and have immune regulation, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-cardiovascular disease, and hypoglycemic activities. Storage and processing are essential processes in the production process of CHMs which affect the stability of saponin components and then reduce the medicinal and economic value.

Disease burden and attributable risk factors of lip and oral cavity cancer in China from 1990 to 2021 and its prediction to 2031.

Aims: This study addresses the essential need for updated information on the burden of lip and oral cavity cancer (LOC) in China for informed healthcare planning. We aim to estimate the temporal trends and the attributable burdens of selected risk factors of LOC in China (1990-2021), and to predict the possible trends (2022-2031).

Subject And Methods: Analysis was conducted using data from the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) 2021, encompassing six key metrics: incidence, mortality, prevalence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and years of life lost (YLLs).

Induced electric field as alternative pasteurization to improve microbiological safety and quality of bayberry juice.

Recently, unconventional techniques like induced electric field (IEF) for continuous pasteurization of liquid food have received great attention. In this study, the effect of IEF on temperature rise, microbiological and quality characteristics of bayberry juice was investigated. Voltage, current, and flow rate affected the terminal temperature.

Identifying exercise and cognitive intervention parameters to optimize executive function in older adults with mild cognitive impairment and dementia: a systematic review and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials.

Physical exercise is recognized for its beneficial effects on brain health and executive function, particularly through the careful manipulation of key exercise parameters, including type, intensity, and duration. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to delineate the optimal types, intensities, and durations of exercise that improve cognitive functions in older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia. A comprehensive search was conducted in Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed from their inception until December 2023.

Linear-Structured-Light Measurement System Based on Scheimpflug Camera Thick-Lens Imaging.

A thick-lens, structured-light measurement model is introduced to overcome the oversights in traditional models, which often disregard the impact of lens thickness. This oversight can lead to inaccuracies in Scheimpflug camera calculations, causing systematic errors and diminished measurement precision. By geometrical optics, the model treats the camera as a thick lens, factoring in the locations of its principal points and the spatial shifts due to image plane tilting.

Efficacy, Safety, and Immunogenicity of Subunit Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is garnering increasing attention, with a growing number of subunit RSV vaccines under active clinical investigation. However, comprehensive evidence is limited.

Methods: We conducted a comprehensive search across PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.

Global, regional, and national time trends in incidence for depressive disorders, from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis for the GBD 2019.

Background: Even with advances in primary health care, depressive disorders remain a major global public health problem. We conducted an in-depth analysis of global, regional and national trends in depressive disorders incidence over the past 30 years.

Methods: Data on the incidence of depressive disorders were obtained by sex (female, male, and both), location (204 countries), age (5-84 years), year (1990-2019) from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2019.

Imidazolium-Based Sulfonating Agent to Control the Degree of Sulfonation of Aromatic Polymers and Enable Plastics-to-Electronics Upgrading.

The accumulation of plastic waste in the environment is a growing environmental, economic, and societal challenge. Plastic upgrading, the conversion of low-value polymers to high-value materials, could address this challenge. Among upgrading strategies, the sulfonation of aromatic polymers is a powerful approach to access high-value materials for a range of applications, such as ion-exchange resins and membranes, electronic materials, and pharmaceuticals.