Nitric oxide and tumor necrosis factor-⍺ levels are negatively correlated in endotoxin tolerance recovery in vitro.

Endotoxin tolerance (ET) is the hyporesponsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after prior exposure. It is characterized by the downregulation of pro-inflammatory cytokine levels. Although ET protects against inflammation, its abolishment or recovery is critical for immunity.

and Facilitated Diabetic Wound Healing by Elevating Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor.

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) provides alternative treatment choices for diabetic wounds. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of and (ARE) on diabetic wounds and its underlying action mechanism. A total of 36 healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: diabetes mellitus (DM) rats treated with ARE (DM-ARE), DM rats treated with 0.

The effectiveness of valerian acupressure on the sleep of ICU patients: a randomized clinical trial.

Background: Severely ill patients often experience problems with sleep. Either acupressure or valerian aromatherapy are reported as helpful in promoting sleep.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of valerian acupressure on the sleep of patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Effectiveness of different music-playing devices for reducing preoperative anxiety: a clinical control study.

Background: While waiting for surgery, patients often exhibit fear and anxiety. Music is thought to be an alternative to medication to relieve anxiety. However, due to concerns about infection control, devices other than headphones may be considered for this purpose.

Persistent systemic air embolism and delayed pulmonary hemorrhage after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass--a case report.

Systemic air embolism (SAE) occurring during cardiac surgery is usually associated with high morbidity and mortality. We present a fatal case of persistent SAE identified by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Perplexities in identification of a bronchovascular fistula and hesitation in aggressive management to arrest the resultant continuous air entry into systemic circulation caused death as an aftermath.

Urinary catheterization may not be necessary in minor surgery under spinal anesthesia with long-acting local anesthetics.

Background: This prospective study was designed to compare the incidence of urinary retention after spinal anesthesia between 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 0.5% hyperbaric tetracaine in patients who underwent minor orthopedic and general surgeries.