Urinary Equol and Equol-Predicting Microbial Genera Are Favorably Associated with Body Fat Measures among Chinese Adults.

Background: Many studies have investigated the intake of dietary isoflavones in relation to obesity risk, whereas the association using objective biomarkers of isoflavones, particularly equol (a gut-derived metabolite of daidzein with greater bioavailability than other isoflavones) has been less studied. In addition, the associations between equol and gut microbiota profile at the population level remain to be fully characterized.

Objectives: We aimed to identify equol-predicting microbial species and to investigate the associations of equol-predicting microbial species and urinary excretion of isoflavones including glycitein, genistein, daidzein, and equol with diverse obesity markers in free living-individuals.

Urinary Equol and Equol-Predicting Microbial Species Are Favorably Associated With Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Chinese Adults.

Background: The association between soy isoflavones intake and cardiometabolic health remains inconclusive. We investigated the associations of urinary biomarkers of isoflavones including daidzein, glycitein, genistein, equol (a gut microbial metabolite of daidzein), and equol-predicting microbial species with cardiometabolic risk markers.

Methods And Results: In a 1-year study of 305 Chinese community-dwelling adults aged ≥18 years, urinary isoflavones, fecal microbiota, blood pressure, blood glucose and lipids, and anthropometric data were measured twice, 1 year apart.

Urinary enterolignans and enterolignan-predicting microbial species are favourably associated with liver fat and other obesity markers.

: Plant-derived lignans may protect against obesity, while their bioactivity needs gut microbial conversion to enterolignans. We used repeated measures to identify enterolignan-predicting microbial species and investigate whether enterolignans and enterolignan-predicting microbial species are associated with obesity. : Urinary enterolignans, fecal microbiota, body weight, height, and circumferences of the waist (WC) and hips (HC) were repeatedly measured at the baseline and after 1 year in 305 community-dwelling adults in Huoshan, China.

Association between time-restricted eating and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in a nationwide cross-sectional study.

The association between time-restricted eating (TRE) and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is less studied. Moreover, whether the association is independent of physical exercise or diet quality or quantity is uncertain. In this nationwide cross-sectional study of 3813 participants, the timing of food intakes was recorded by 24-h recalls; NAFLD was defined through vibration-controlled transient elastography in the absence of other causes of chronic liver disease.

Dietary fiber intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: The mediating role of obesity.

Background And Aims: Dietary pattern rich in fiber is negatively associated with the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Meanwhile, obesity is a known predisposing factor for NAFLD. Nutrient-focused research can enhance the mechanistic understanding of dietary effects.

Higher Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Score Is Associated with Lower Odds of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Growing evidence supports that individual lifestyle factors contribute to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) without considering the coexistence and synergistic effect of lifestyle factors. Our aim is to derive a healthy lifestyle score (HLS) and estimate its association with NAFLD. In this nationwide cross-sectional study, we derived a five-item HLS including dietary pattern, body mass index, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and sleep duration.

The Effect of tRNA Isopentenylation on Selenoprotein Expression.

Transfer RNA carries multiple post-transcriptional modifications. The A37G mutation in tRNA abrogates isopentenylation of base 37 and has a profound effect on selenoprotein expression in mice. Patients with a homozygous pathogenic p.

Dynamic changes in tRNA modifications and abundance during T cell activation.

The tRNA pool determines the efficiency, throughput, and accuracy of translation. Previous studies have identified dynamic changes in the tRNA (transfer RNA) supply and mRNA (messenger RNA) demand during cancerous proliferation. Yet dynamic changes may also occur during physiologically normal proliferation, and these are less well characterized.

A New Coumarin-Acridone Compound as a Fluorescence Probe for Fe and Its Application in Living Cells and Zebrafish.

A new coumarin-acridone fluorescent probe S was designed and synthesized, and the structure was confirmed with H/C NMR spectrometry, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and high-resolution mass spectrometry. This probe has high sensitivity and selectivity for Fe over other testing metal ions at 420 or 436 nm in acetonitrile-MOPS (3-Morpholinopropanesulfonic Acid) buffer solution (20.0 μM, pH = 6.

Whole-Genome Identification and Expression Pattern of the Vicinal Oxygen Chelate Family in Rapeseed ( L.).

Vicinal oxygen chelate proteins (VOC) are members of the metalloenzyme superfamily, which plays roles in many biological reactions. Some members of the VOC superfamily have been systematically characterized but not in . In this study, 38 genes were identified based on their conserved domains.