One-pot synthesis of -chalcones using a multifunctional catalyst comprised of ruthenium nanoparticles and palladium N-heterocyclic carbene complexes immobilized on silica.

The integrated one-pot synthesis of valuable -chalcones from aryl iodides, phenylacetylenes, CO and H is achieved using a single catalyst material. The multifunctional catalytic system is composed of a silica support on which ruthenium nanoparticles and covalently functionalized palladium N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) complexes are jointly assembled. The resulting Ru@SiO-[Pd-NHC] catalyst was characterized by a variety of techniques including N physisorption, solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to collect information on its textural, structural, morphological, and electronic properties.

Unveiling transformation processes of cardiovascular pharmaceuticals in wastewater based on nontarget screening.

Cardiovascular pharmaceuticals were extensively detected and generally coexist with their transformation products (TPs) in wastewater. However, knowledges on TPs and transformation processes for cardiovascular pharmaceuticals remained largely unclear. To fill this knowledge gap, nontarget screening combined with batch experiments were employed to reveal the transformation of five cardiovascular pharmaceuticals (atenolol, metoprolol, propranolol, bezafibrate and candesartan) in aerobic activated sludge.

ITGB1/FERMT1 mechanoactivation enhances CD44 characteristic stemness in oral squamous cell carcinoma via ubiquitin-dependent CK1α degradation.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) contribute to chemotherapy resistance and poor prognosis, posing significant challenges in the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. The extracellular matrix (ECM)-constructed microenvironment remodels the niche of CSCs. Yet mechanisms by which biophysical properties of ECM relate to CSCs remain undefined.

Role of Protein Disulfide Isomerase in Mediating Sulfasalazine-Induced Ferroptosis in HT22 Cells: The PDI-NOS-NO-ROS/Lipid-ROS Cascade.

Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death resulting from excessive lipid peroxidation. Sulfasalazine (SAS), an anti-inflammatory drug, can induce ferroptosis through inhibiting the system Xc and triggering glutathione depletion. SAS has attracted considerable interest in recent years because of its potential for repurposing as an anticancer agent.

Fluid transport comes to the fore.

Proteins that allow water to move in and out of cells help shape the development of new blood vessels.

Unifying fragmented perspectives with additive deep learning for high-dimensional models from partial faceted datasets.

Biological systems are complex networks where measurable functions emerge from interactions among thousands of components. Many studies aim to link biological function with molecular elements, yet quantifying their contributions simultaneously remains challenging, especially at the single-cell level. We propose a machine-learning approach that integrates faceted data subsets to reconstruct a complete view of the system using conditional distributions.

Tracing Aquatic Macrophyte Development in Nansi Lake, Northern China's Largest Freshwater Lake: Plant Macrofossils From 1855 to Present.

Examining the impacts of natural and anthropogenic influences on aquatic macrophytes in shallow lakes is crucial for their effective restoration and management. However, there is a lack of direct evidence regarding past species composition or detailed and continuous evidence of recent changes in aquatic macrophyte communities. This study utilized plant macrofossil remains deposited in the sediment, combined with macrophyte surveys from 1983 to 2010, to reconstruct the historical changes in the macrophyte community over approximately 160 years in Lake Weishan, a sub-lake of Lake Nansi located in the lower Yellow River (Huanghe River) Basin, northern China.

A stimuli-responsive drug delivery system based on konjac glucomannan, carboxymethyl chitosan and mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles.

A stimuli-responsive drug delivery system is developed for controlled delivery of curcumin (Cur) and chemo-photothermal therapy of breast cancer (BC). Cur is first loaded into mesoporous polydopamine nanoparticles (mPDA NPs) by π-π stacking, and then the Cur loaded mPDA NPs (mPDA NPs@Cur) are encapsulated in the hydrogels prepared through the crosslinking of oxidized konjac glucomannan (oxKGM) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS). Owing to the pH-sensitivity of the hydrogels and the outstanding photothermal conversion capability of mPDA NPs, the release of Cur from the hydrogels can be greatly accelerated in acidic media upon near infrared (NIR) irradiation.

Cells Prioritize the Regulation of Cell Mass Density.

A cell's global physical state is characterized by its volume and dry mass. The ratio of cell mass to volume is the cell mass density (CMD), which is also a measure of macromolecular crowding and concentrations of all proteins. Using the Fluorescence eXclusion method (FXm) and Quantitative Phase Microscopy (QPM), we investigate CMD dynamics after exposure to sudden media osmolarity change.

A Differentiated HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Delivery Model for High-Risk Groups in Nanning City, South China: Findings from a Pilot Program.

In China, pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) uptake among men who have sex with men (MSM) and HIV-serodiscordant couples is low. We offered differentiated PrEP options tailored to MSM in a community-based organization (CBO) setting, and to HIV-serodiscordant couples attempting conception in a specialized HIV care clinic. The CBO facilitated PrEP by linkage with a telemedicine platform for virtual consultation; additional online follow-up on social media was conducted by peers.

Genetic prediction of the effect of gut microbiota on uveitis via blood metabolites: A mediated Mendelian randomization investigation.

The gut microbiota (GM) may be associated with uveitis. However, the causal relationship between the GM and uveitis and whether blood metabolites act as mediators of the GM remain unclear. We extracted the GM, blood metabolites, and uveitis data from genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary data.

Synthesis and Relaxivity study of amino acid-branched radical dendrimers as MRI contrast agents for potential brain tumor imaging.

This study introduces a series of water-soluble radical dendrimers (G0 to G5) as promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents that could potentially address clinical safety concerns associated with current gadolinium-based contrast agents. By using a simplified synthetic approach based on a cyclotriphosphazene core and lysine-derived branching units, we successfully developed a G5 dendrimer containing up to 192 units of 2,2,6,6-Tetramethylpiperidinyloxy (TEMPO) radical. This synthesis offers advantages including ease of preparation, purification, and tunable water solubility through the incorporation of glutamic acid anion residues.

Cone-rod homeobox transcriptionally activates TCF7 to promote the proliferation of retinal pigment epithelial and retinoblastoma cells .

Aim: To investigate the proliferation regulatory effect of cone-rod homeobox (CRX) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and retinoblastoma (RB) cells to explore the potential application and side effect (oncogenic potential) of CRX-based gene therapy in RPE-based retinopathies.

Methods: Adult human retinal pigment epithelial (ARPE)-19 and human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE)-1 cells and Y79 RB cell were used in the study. Genetic manipulation was performed by lentivirus-based technology.

Water-Soluble Bimodal Magnetic-Fluorescent Radical Dendrimers as Potential MRI-FI Imaging Probes.

Dual or multimodal imaging probes have become potent tools for enhancing detection sensitivity and accuracy in disease diagnosis. In this context, we present a bimodal imaging dendrimer-based structure that integrates magnetic and fluorescent imaging probes for potential applications in magnetic resonance imaging and fluorescence imaging. It stands out as one of the rare examples where bimodal imaging probes use organic radicals as the magnetic source, despite their tendency to entirely quench fluorophore fluorescence.

A novel hollow iron nanoparticle system loading PEG-FeO with C5a receptor antagonist for breast cancer treatment.

Breast cancer is the most diagnosed malignancy and major cause of cancer death among women population in the worldwide. Ferroptosis is a recently discovered iron-dependent regulated cell death involved in tumor progression and therapeutic response. Moreover, increasing studies have implied that ferroptosis is a promising approach to eliminating cancer cells like developing iron nanoparticles as a therapeutic agent.

Organoids in the oral and maxillofacial region: present and future.

The oral and maxillofacial region comprises a variety of organs made up of multiple soft and hard tissue, which are anatomically vulnerable to the pathogenic factors of trauma, inflammation, and cancer. The studies of this intricate entity have been long-termly challenged by a lack of versatile preclinical models. Recently, the advancements in the organoid industry have provided novel strategies to break through this dilemma.

Carnitine is a friend in HFpEF and foe in HFrEF.

Heart failure (HF) is a global concern, particularly HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), lacking effective treatments. Understanding the differences of metabolic profiles between HFpEF and HFrEF (heart failure with reduced ejection fraction) patients is crucial for therapeutic advancements. In this study, pseudotargeted metabolomics was employed to analyze for disparities of plasma metabolic profiles between HFpEF and HFrEF in two cohorts: discovery ( = 514) and validation ( = 3368).

Salidroside prevents cadmium chloride-induced DNA damage in human fetal lung fibroblasts.

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is an environmental pollutant and a heavy metal known for its genotoxic effects, which can lead to cancer and other related diseases. Preventing Cd-induced genotoxicity is crucial; however, there is limited research on this topic. Salidroside (SAL), a phenylpropanoid glycoside isolated from Rhodiola rosea L.

Do Regional Nerve Blocks During Bimaxillary Surgery Decrease Postoperative Pain and Vomiting Compared With Patient-Controlled Analgesia?

Background: Postoperative pain after orthognathic surgery is commonly managed with opioids, which can cause nausea and vomiting.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether regional nerve blocks during bimaxillary surgery reduced postoperative pain and vomiting compared with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).

Study Design, Setting, And Sample: This retrospective cohort study recruited patients who underwent bimaxillary surgery between August 2018 and September 2020 at the Fourth Military Medical University Hospital.