Impact of blood lead and manganese levels on metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease prevalence: insights from NHANES (2017-2020).

Background: The metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) paradigm represents a significant departure from the previous nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) framework, offering a non-stigmatizing approach that enhances awareness and accelerates patient understanding. Our primary aim was to investigate the potential relationship between blood lead and manganese exposure and the onset of MASLD.

Methods: Using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database spanning from 2017 to 2020, a cross-sectional study included 4,475 participants was performed to assess the relationship.

Development of Self-Aligned Top-Gate Transistor Arrays on Wafer-Scale Two-Dimensional Semiconductor.

Two-dimensional semiconductor materials (2DSM) effectively mitigate the short-channel effect due to their atomic thickness, offering significant advantages over traditional silicon-based materials, particularly in short channel length. In manufacturing 2DSM top-gate field-effect transistors (TG-FETs), simultaneous miniaturization of the gate and channel can only be achieved through a self-alignment process, enabling high-density integration of short-channel FETs. However, current self-aligned FETs based on 2DSM face challenges in attaining wafer-scale integration due to manufacturing process limitations.

High-Entropy Layered Double Hydroxides for Efficient Methanol Electrooxidation.

The electrocatalytic methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) is considered as an effective method to replace oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for efficient hydrogen production. However, the sluggish kinetics and the difficulty of breaking C─H bond of the Ni-based catalysts limit further application. Herein, three high-entropy layered double hydroxides (HELHs), namely ZnNiFeCoV-HELH, ZnNiFeCoCr-HELH, and ZnNiFeCoAl-HELH (denoted as V-HELH, Cr-HELH, and Al-HELH, respectively), are successfully synthesized.

Upcycling of Multi-Metal Contaminated Wastewater into High-Entropy Layered Double Hydroxide for Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The rapid growth of the electric vehicle industry has driven up nickel demand for batteries. However, the release of various metals during the smelting of nickel-containing ore leads to complex multi-metal contaminated smelting wastewater. Herein, CaFe layered double hydroxide (denoted as CaFe) is synthesized for the treatment of multi-metal contaminated wastewater, achieving removal efficiencies of 98.

High-Performance Oxide Crystal BaTeWO X-ray Detector with High Stability, Low Detection Limit, and Ultralow Dark Current Drift.

X-ray detection materials and devices have received widespread attention due to their irreplaceable role in the medical, industrial, and military fields. In this paper, BaTeWO (BTW) crystal containing lone pairs of electrons with large atomic numbers and high density is reported as a new type of oxide crystal X-ray detection material. The anisotropic X-ray detection performance of the BTW single crystal (SC) is systematically studied.

Association of serum selenium with MASLD and liver fibrosis: A cross-sectional study.

Background: The evolution of NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD underscores significant advancements and nomenclatural shifts in the realm of chronic liver disorders. This study primarily aimed to investigate the possible link between serum selenium levels and the occurrence of MASLD.

Methods: Utilizing data from NHANES for the years 2017 through 2020, we performed an in-depth analysis.

First study on the efficiency of Tc-rituximab for sentinel lymph node mapping and biopsy in oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Objective: To explore the clinical efficiency of using the sentinel lymph node (SLN) imaging agent Tc-rituximab for lymphoscintigraphy and SLN biopsy (SLNB) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 23 patients with OSCC who underwent Tc-rituximab lymphoscintigraphy and SLNB. The cohort comprised 16 men (69.

Heterogenization of molecular chalcoxides for electro-& photochemical H production.

The endeavour to develop high-performance cost-effective catalytic systems with a minimal amount of active components and generation of hazardous waste is a significant and formidable step towards enhancing the hydrogen evolution reaction and the development of design principles with potential value in large scale applications. Here we investigate the heterogenization process of molecular chalcoxide catalysts and explore their electro- and photo-catalytic efficacy in driving the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).

Insight into the Simultaneous Super-Stable Mineralization of AsO , Cd and Pb Using MgFe-LDHs.

Multiple-heavy-metal contamination in soil, such as the simultaneous presence of AsO , Cd and Pb, which can reduce crop yields and damage human health, is a serious issue to be addressed. Herein, the MgFe-LDHs (layered double hydroxides) intercalated with carbonate and nitrate (MgFe-CO and MgFe-NO) were synthesized by Separate Nucleation and Aging Steps and ion-exchange method, respectively. The MgFe-CO demonstrated the maximum saturation adsorption capacity of 55.

Single-Atom Pt Anchored Polyoxometalate as Electron-Proton Shuttle for Efficient Photoreduction of CO to CH Catalyzed by NiCo Layered Doubled Hydroxide.

The crucial role of active hydrogen (H*) in photocatalytic CO methanation has long been overlooked, although recently, accelerating proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) processes to enhance CH productivity and selectivity has garnered significant attention. Herein, a single-atom Pt-anchored HPMoO (Pt-PMo) is applied as an efficient proton-electron shuttle to facilitate the photocatalytic performance of NiCo layered double hydroxide (NiCo-LDH). The resultant Pt-PMo@NiCo-LDH exhibited superior CH productivity (723 µmol g h) with CH selectivity of 82.

Modulating the Supramolecular Assembly of α-Cyclodextrin and Anderson-type Polyoxometalate through Covalent Modifications.

A series of unprecedented supramolecular complexes of covalently modified Anderson-type polyoxometalates (POMs) and α-cyclodextrins (α-CDs) have been obtained and characterized in solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and in aqueous solution using various techniques including H DOSY NMR, 2D NOESY H NMR, isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), and electrospray ionization time-of-flight mass spectroscopy (ESI-TOF-MS). It has been demonstrated that the supramolecular assembly process could be modulated by different covalent modification modes of the Anderson POMs, giving rise to a new type of POM/α-CD complexes featuring organic-inorganic pseudo-rotaxane structures, which are in good contrast to those of POM/γ-CD complexes of poly-rotaxane structures. Moreover, it is delighted to find that these pseudo-rotaxanes of POM/α-CD complexes exhibit stable chirality in aqueous solution, which has not been accomplished in previously reported POM/CD assemblies.

A simple AIE-based indole-benzimidazole probe for the ratiometric fluorescent detection of phosgene in an almost neat aqueous solution.

Phosgene is a suffocating toxic gas that seriously threatens human health and public security. With this research, we developed a simple ratiometric fluorescent probe (1) bearing indole and benzimidazole moieties as the sensing sites and employed it for the aggregation-induced emission-based (AIE-based) detection of phosgene. It was the first time that the probe could detect phosgene in an almost pure aqueous solution (f = 99.

A unimolecular artificial cation channel based on cascaded hydrated acid groups.

A cation channel possessing cascaded hydrated acid groups has been successfully constructed using pillar[5]arene integrated with dual cyclodextrins. As a proof-of-concept, the secondary side of cyclodextrin substituted by 24 -COH groups presents high coordination sites, which helps hydrated cations to quickly dehydrate and accelerates efficient cation transport (Rb > Cs > K > Na > Li). Notably, benefitted by the protonation and deprotonation of -COH groups, ion permeation activity of the channel molecules under acidic condition (pH = 6.

Crown-Ether-Based Artificial K Selective Ionic Filter.

In this study, we have successfully synthesized bis (cholesterol-dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether)-pillar[5]arene compound 1 through a click reaction, which could spontaneously insert into lipid bilayers to form ion channel due to the membrane anchor cholesterol group and show significant transport activity of K superior to Na, with a permeability ratio of K/Na equal to 4.58. Compound 1 two crown ether modules act as selective filters similar to natural K channel, which are determined to 1 : 2 binding stoichiometry to K by Job's plot and NMR titration.

Ga-grazytracer PET for noninvasive assessment of response to immunotherapy in solid tumors and lymphomas: a phase 1/2 clinical trial.

To tackle the clinical challenge of noninvasively assessing immunotherapy efficacy in patients, here we used positron emission tomography (PET) with Ga-grazytracer, which targets granzyme B, a crucial effector molecule secreted by activated CD8 T cells. In this phase 1/2 clinical trial (NCT05000372) involving a diverse cohort of 24 patients with solid tumors and lymphomas who received immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (either alone or with chemotherapies) and chimeric antigen receptor-T cell therapy, we examined the in vivo behaviors of Ga-grazytracer. Primary endpoints were safety, biodistribution, granzyme B specificity, and the predictive utility of Ga-grazytracer, while secondary endpoint was the relationship between Ga-grazytracer uptake and tumor immune phenotype.

Involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-mediated cholinergic neurotransmission in TMS-EEG responses.

The combination of transcranial magnetic stimulation and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) is emerging as a valuable tool for investigating brain functions in health and disease. However, the detailed neural mechanisms underlying TMS-EEG responses, including TMS-evoked EEG potentials (TEPs) and TMS-induced EEG oscillations (TIOs), remain largely unknown. Combining TMS-EEG with pharmacological interventions provides a unique opportunity to elucidate the roles of specific receptor-mediated neurotransmissions in these responses.

Recent Advances in Barium Cobaltite-Based Perovskite Oxides as Cathodes for Intermediate-Temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells.

Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are considered as advanced energy conversion technologies due to the high efficiency, fuel flexibility, and all-solid structure. Nevertheless, their widespread applications are strongly hindered by the high operational temperatures, limited material selection choices, inferior long-term stability, and relatively high costs. Therefore, reducing operational temperatures of SOFCs to intermediate-temperature (IT, 500-800 °C) range can remarkably promote the practical applications by enabling the use of low-cost materials and enhancing the cell stability.

The Value of PSMA-RADS Version 2.0 in the Assessment of Pulmonary Metastases in Patients With Prostate Cancer and the Improvement of Differential Diagnosis Efficiency by PSMA PET/CT Parameters.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the application of PSMA-RADS version 2.0 in assessment of pulmonary metastases in patients with prostate cancer and whether PSMA PET/CT parameters provide incremental value.

Patients And Methods: From October 2016 to July 2023, PC patients with pulmonary opacities (including pulmonary metastases, lung cancer, and pulmonary benign opacities) who underwent Al 18 F-PSMA-BCH PET/CT scans were retrospectively analyzed.

Ultrafast Sintered Composite Cathode Incorporating a Negative Thermal Expansion Material for High-Performance Protonic Ceramic Fuel Cells.

Protonic ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs) offer a promising, clean, and efficient energy conversion solution. However, thermal mismatch between cathodes and electrolytes remains a critical obstacle, leading to interfacial damage such as cracking and delamination. Incorporating negative thermal expansion (NTE) materials into the cathode can mitigate this issue.

Polyoxometalate Clusters Confined in Reduced Graphene Oxide Membranes for Effective Ion Sieving and Desalination.

Efficient 2D membranes play a critical role in water purification and desalination. However, most 2D membranes, such as graphene oxide (GO) membranes, tend to swell or disintegrate in liquid, making precise ionic sieving a tough challenge. Herein, the fabrication of the polyoxometalate clusters (PW) intercalated reduced graphene oxide (rGO) membrane (rGO-PW) is reported through a polyoxometalate-assisted in situ photoreduction strategy.

Synergistic Bulk and Surface Engineering for Expeditious and Durable Reversible Protonic Ceramic Electrochemical Cells Air Electrode.

Reversible protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (R-PCECs) offer the potential for high-efficiency power generation and green hydrogen production at intermediate temperatures. However, the commercial viability of R-PCECs is hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) within conventional air electrodes operating at reduced temperatures. To address this challenge, this work introduces a novel approach based on the simultaneous optimization of bulk-phase metal-oxygen bonds and in-situ formation of a metal oxide nano-catalyst surface modification.

Characteristics and effects of global sloping land urbanization from 2000 to 2020.

Cities usually expand on flat land. However, in recent decades, the increasing scarcity of available flat land has compelled many cities to expand to sloping land (sloping land urbanization, SLU), and the understanding for global SLU is still unclear. This study, based on the currently available high-precision global Digital Elevation Model (FABDEM) and global land cover dataset (GlobeLand30), investigated the characteristics and impacts of SLU in 26,402 urban residential areas worldwide from 2000 to 2020.