Integrative phenomics, metabolomics and genomics analysis provides new insights for deciphering the genetic basis of metabolism in polished rice.

Background: Metabolomics is one of the most widely used omics tools for deciphering the functional networks of the metabolites for crop improvement. However, it is technically demanding and costly.

Results: We propose a relatively inexpensive approach for metabolomics analysis in which metabolomics is combined with hyperspectral imaging via machine learning.

Discovery of Novel Pyrazole/Thiazole Derivatives Containing Cyano/Thiocyanato Groups as Fungicide Candidates.

The introduction of groups with high drug activity is an effective strategy for discovering novel succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicides, providing insights for the future design of SDHI fungicides with higher efficacy and resistance. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel pyrazole/thiazole derivatives containing cyano/thiocyanato groups and evaluated them for antifungal activity. Some of the designed compounds exhibited promising antifungal activities against tested fungi, among them, compounds and displayed excellent activity against with EC values of 1.

Betaine-salicylic acid cocrystal for enhanced skincare and acne treatment.

Salicylic acid (SA) is a natural lipophilic active ingredient commonly used in cosmetics and skin disease treatments, offering benefits such as exfoliation, anti-inflammation effects, antibacterial properties, oil control, and acne alleviation. However, its poor water solubility, low bioavailability, and potential side effects, such as allergies, irritation, and dryness, hinder its widespread application. In this study, we prepared a betaine-salicylic acid (BeSA) cocrystal and systematically characterized its crystal structure, biological activity, and clinical efficacy.

Physiology-Related Variations in the Blood Hormone and Metabolome of Endangered Hog Deer ().

: The hog deer () is an endangered species facing significant threats from habitat loss and fragmentation, with only captive populations remaining in China. Expanding breeding programs and restoring wild populations are critical strategies for the species' conservation. Achieving this requires the development of an effective health database and the identification of molecular biomarkers for their physiological traits.

CDP-DAG synthases regulate plant growth and broad-spectrum disease resistance.

Phosphatidic acid (PA) functions as a cell membrane component and signaling molecule in plants. PA metabolism has multiple routes, in one of which PA is converted into cytidine diphosphate diacylglycerol (CDP-DAG) by CDP-DAG synthases (CDSs). genes are highly conserved in plants.

Targeting the IL-17A pathway for therapy in early-stage tendinopathy.

Objectives: Tendinopathy is a frequent clinical problem and represents an extraordinary health economic and socioeconomic burden with high unmet medical needs. Recent clinical evidence suggests blockade of interleukin 17A (IL-17A) for tendinopathy therapy. The present preclinical study elucidates the biological mechanisms of IL-17A pathway stimulation and blockade in tendinopathy.

Substituent effect on the ligand-centred electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution of antimony(III) corroles.

A series of antimony(III) triaryl corroles bearing different numbers of -pentafluorophenyl substituents was synthesized and evaluated as catalysts for electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution. Introduction of the electron-withdrawing pentafluorophenyl group to the corrole macrocycle led to a significant boost in electro-catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity in organic and aqueous media, highlighting the tunability of these complexes for enhanced catalytic activity.

Identification of Three Distinct Subgroups in Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Implication for Sex Differences and Prognostic Outcomes from a Multicenter Study.

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease with persistent antiphospholipid antibodies. This study aimed to identify unrecognized APS subgroups from multicenter cohorts (n = 760, training: n = 415; validation: n = 345). Patients are stratified through unsupervised K-means clustering analysis.

Correlation between inner epiphysis ulna radius length ratio and prognosis of Monteggia fractures in children: a multicenter study.

The forearm function in children is influenced by several factors, with the length relationship between the ulna and radius being particularly important. However, due to the underdevelopment of cartilage in children, assessing this length relationship through imaging techniques is challenging. This study aims to identify a reliable method for evaluating the lengths of the ulna and radius in children, establish normal values for the ratio of the epiphyseal plate lengths of these bones, examine this ratio in children with Monteggia fractures, and investigate its role in determining forearm function in the pediatric population.

Progress in the role of nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of bone and joint tuberculosis.

Bone and joint tuberculosis (BJTB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), is a prevalent form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis that poses significant challenges to global public health due to difficulties in early diagnosis, prolonged treatment cycles, and drug resistance. Recent advancements in nanotechnology have introduced novel solutions for the early detection and precise treatment of BJTB, leveraging unique physicochemical properties such as high specific surface area, targeted delivery capabilities, sustained drug release, and excellent biocompatibility. In diagnostic applications, nanomaterials markedly enhance the sensitivity and accuracy of detection methods while reducing testing time.

The irreversible transformation of the molecular structure of humic acid during pH change and its effects on the formation of disinfection by-products.

Humic acid (HA) is an important component of natural organic matter, and understanding the nature and environmental behavior of HA is essential for advancing water treatment technologies and environmental remediation strategies. This study investigated the structural differences of HA at various pH values and whether the structure is reversible (whether the structure is similar when HA at different pH values is adjusted back to neutral compared to the original pH 7) by optical characteristics, hydrodynamic volume, fluorescence, infrared and circular dichroism spectroscopy. After adjustment back to neutral, from prior exposure to different pH values (2-12), the results showed an irreversible behavior of HA.

Research on the relationship between key risk factors of university emergencies based on ISM-MICMAC.

In order to accurately analyze the interaction among the risk factors of university emergencies, firstly, based on the key performance indicator (KPI) concept, by initially extracting risk factors, identifying initial risk factors, and correcting initial risk factors, and the risk factors of emergencies in universities were divided into three categories: human factors, environmental factors, and management factors, and 18 key risk factors of emergencies in universities, including psychological problems, weak legal awareness and lack of safety awareness, were subdivided and determined. Secondly, the interpretive structure model (ISM) was used to construct a multi-layer hierarchical model of the relationship between university emergencies risk factors, clarified the hierarchical affiliation between the risk factors of university emergencies, divided the risk factors of university emergencies into surface direct factors, middle indirect factors and deep fundamental factors, and analyzed the coupling effect of various risk factors on university emergencies. Thirdly, combined with the matrix impacts cross-reference multiplication applied to a classification (MICMAC), the driving force and dependence force of each risk factor of university emergencies were obtained, and the risk factors of university emergencies were divided into spontaneous factors, independent factors, dependent factors, linkage factors, etc.

Association between the cumulative estimated glucose disposal rate and incident cardiovascular disease in individuals over the age of 50 years and without diabetes: data from two large cohorts in China and the United States.

Background: The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has been linked to incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals without diabetes. However, few studies have accounted for long-term cumulative eGDR exposure.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore whether long-term cumulative eGDR was independently associated with incident CVD in individuals over the age of 50 years and without diabetes.

Comparison of postoperative oxygenation in children receiving sugammadex versus neostigmine for reversal of neuromuscular blockade: a retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: Residual neuromuscular blockade can impair postoperative respiratory mechanics, promoting hypoxemia and pulmonary complications. Sugammadex, with its unique mechanism of action, may offer a more effective reversal of neuromuscular blockade and respiratory function than neostigmine. We sought to test the primary hypothesis that children undergoing noncardiac surgery exhibit better initial recovery oxygenation when administered sugammadex than those administered neostigmine.

Biomechanical correlates of gait and stair climbing are associated with ex vivo cartilage quality in gonarthrotic patients.

Previous evidence highlights the important role of knee joint malalignment and excessive joint moments for the development to knee osteoarthritis. The present study aimed to systematically investigate the interrelationship between three-dimensional knee kinematics during walking and stair climbing and ex-vivo electromechanical measured cartilage quality in 119 patients with end-stage knee osteoarthritis. Patients scheduled for total knee arthroplasty surgery underwent radiographic assessment and biomechanical analysis in gait and stair climbing assessing in vivo knee joint angles and moments during movement dynamics prior to surgery.

Chinese herbal formula Tongxie Yaofang granules for diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II trial.

Objectives: To assess the therapeutic effects and safety of Tongxie Yaofang (TXYF) granules vs placebo as an alternative treatment for diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-D). We hypothesised that TXYF would improve clinical responses among patients with IBS-D.

Design: A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II, superiority trial.

Inhibition of the basolateral amygdala to prelimbic cortex pathway enhances risk-taking during risky decision-making shock task in rats.

Many animal studies have explored decision-making under risk and punishment, particularly regarding potential rewards, but less focus has been placed on contexts involving net losses. Understanding decision-making under net loss conditions can shed light on the neural mechanisms involved. The basolateral amygdala to prelimbic cortex (BLA→PL) pathway is crucial for risky decision-making.

Evaluation of hypotension prediction index software in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation: retrospective observational study.

Background: Extreme hemodynamic changes, especially intraoperative hypotension (IOH), are common and often prolonged during Liver Transplant (LT) surgery and during initial hours of recovery. Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) software is one of the tools which can help in proactive hemodynamic management. The accuracy of the advanced hemodynamic parameters such as Cardiac Output (CO) and Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR) obtained from HPI software and prediction performance of the HPI in LT surgery remains unknown.

Organophosphorus Pesticides Management Strategies: Prohibition and Restriction Multi-Category Multi-Class Models, Environmental Transformation Risks, and Special Attention List.

Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) have become one of the most widely used pesticides in Chinese agriculture; however, methods to identify potential restrictions on OPs molecules are lacking. Therefore, this study retrieved the OPs restriction list and constructed eight multi-class, multi-category machine learning models for OPs restrictions. Among these, the random forest (RF) model demonstrated excellent predictive performance, as it was successfully validated and applied.

Corrigendum: Cerebellar white and gray matter abnormalities in temporal lobe epilepsy: a voxel-based morphometry study.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.

Chinese patent medicine tongxinluo capsule as a supplement to treat chronic coronary syndromes: a GRADE-assessed systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Chronic coronary syndromes (CCS) is a common clinical condition that increases the risk of cardiovascular events at any time. Tongxinluo capsules (TXL) are widely used in China for treating CCS.

Objectives: To systematically evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of adding TXL to Western medical treatment (WM) for CCS.

Gut microbial composition associated with risk of premature aging in women with Yin-deficiency constitution.

Background: Yin-deficiency constitution (YinDC) refers to a traditional Chinese medicine concept, characterized by an imbalance state that includes an imbalance in the gut microbiota, resulting from a relative deficiency of Yin fluids within the body. In recent years, it has become apparent that the composition and structure of the gut microbiota play a significant role in the aging process. The imbalance of gut microbiota in YinDC may accelerate the aging process.

Progression of chronic kidney disease after non-cardiac surgery: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Chronic-kidney-disease (CKD) is prevalent among adults undergoing noncardiac surgery, with surgery-related factors potentially worsening CKD or triggering acute kidney injury (AKI). We hypothesized that CKD patients experience more kidney function decline within one to two years post-surgery than those without CKD, particularly if they develop AKI.

Methods: We conducted a single-center retrospective cohort study, including noncardiac surgery patients with documented creatinine preoperative and between 1 and 2 years after surgery.

Longikaurin A, a natural ent-kaurane, suppresses proliferation, invasion and tumorigenicity in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell by via inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway and .

Longikaurin A (LK-A), a naturally occurring ent-kaurane diterpenoid, has been identified as a promising anti-cancer agent. This study aims to elucidate the anti-tumorigenic effects of LK-A on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells and to unravel its underlying mechanisms. assays, including CCK-8 and EdU, were performed to assess cell viability and proliferation.

Physician Tenure and Clinical Productivity for Internal and External Hires: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: New employees generally demonstrate lower productivity than experienced colleagues in non-healthcare sectors, but there is limited evidence on how tenure affects physician productivity.

Objective: To evaluate the association between tenure and clinical productivity for attending physicians in the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) and explore whether this relationship differs by prior VHA residency or fellowship training.

Design: Retrospective cohort evaluation.