A Review of Soil Contaminated with Dioxins and Biodegradation Technologies: Current Status and Future Prospects.

This article provides a comprehensive assessment of dioxins contaminating the soil and evaluates the bioremediation technology currently being widely used, and also offers recommendations for future prospects. Soil pollution containing dioxins is extremely toxic and hazardous to human health and the environment. Dioxin concentrations in soils around the world are caused by a variety of sources and outcomes, but the main sources are from the consequences of war and human activities.

Stability and Free Radical Production for CO and H in Air Nanobubbles in Ethanol Aqueous Solution.

In this study, 8% hydrogen (H) in argon (Ar) and carbon dioxide (CO) gas nanobubbles was produced at 10, 30, and 50 vol.% of ethanol aqueous solution by the high-speed agitation method with gas. They became stable for a long period (for instance, 20 days), having a high negative zeta potential (-40 to -50 mV) at alkaline near pH 9, especially for 10 vol.

Free radical degradation in aqueous solution by blowing hydrogen and carbon dioxide nanobubbles.

The main findings are the hydroxyl radical scavenging and the superoxide anion diminishing by mixing the carbon dioxide (CO) nanobubbles after hydrogen nanobubble blowing in water and alcohol aqueous solution. The nanobubbles produce the hydroxyl radical by ultrasonic waves, changing the pH and catalyst and so on, while the nanobubble is very reactive to scavenge free radicals. In this research especially hydrogen (4% H in argon) and CO nanobubbles have been blown into hydrogen peroxide (HO) added pure water, ethanol, and ethylene glycol aqueous solution through a porous ceramic sparger from the gas cylinder.