ACAP3 negatively regulated by HDAC2 inhibits the malignant development of papillary thyroid carcinoma cells.

ArfGAP with coiled-coil, ankyrin repeat and PH domains 3 (ACAP3) level has been confirmed to be downregulated in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) have therapeutic effects on PTC. Accordingly, this study probed into the potential relation of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) and ACAP3 in PTC.

The Burden of Diabetes-Related Chronic Kidney Disease in China From 1990 to 2019.

Objective: To analyze the trends in disease burden of diabetes-related chronic kidney disease (CKD) by year, age, gender and types of diabetes in China from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: Data on prevalence, deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for diabetes-related CKD were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2019 study. Analyses were performed by year, age, gender and types of diabetes.

The Global Burden of Osteoporosis, Low Bone Mass, and Its Related Fracture in 204 Countries and Territories, 1990-2019.

Background: Low bone mineral density (LBMD), including osteoporosis and low bone mass, has becoming a serious public health concern. We aimed to estimate the disease burden of LBMD and its related fractures in 204 countries and territories over the past 30 years.

Methods: We collected detailed information and performed a secondary analysis for LBMD and its related fractures from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019.

A Novel Predictive Model for Adrenocortical Carcinoma Based on Hypoxia- and Ferroptosis-Related Gene Expression.

Background: The impact of hypoxia on ferroptosis is important in cancer proliferation, but no predictive model combining hypoxia and ferroptosis for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has been reported. The purpose of this study was to construct a predictive model based on hypoxia- and ferroptosis-related gene expression in ACC.

Methods: We assessed hypoxia- and ferroptosis-related gene expression using data from 79 patients with ACC in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA).

Congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus accompanied with central nephrogenic diabetes secondary to pituitary surgery -a case report.

Background: Diabetes insipidus (DI) can be a common cause of polydipsia and polyuria. Here, we present a case of congenital nephrogenic diabetes insipidus (CNDI) accompanied with central diabetes insipidus (CDI) secondary to pituitary surgery.

Case Presentation: A 24-year-old Chinese woman came to our hospital with the complaints of polydipsia and polyuria for 6 months.

Age, Gender and Geographic Differences in Global Health Burden of Cirrhosis and Liver Cancer due to Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Recently, Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) has become a major contributor to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Therefore, the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2017 was used to comprehensively analyze the global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis and liver cancer due to NASH between 1990 and 2017. Data for cirrhosis and liver cancer due to NASH were extracted from the GBD study 2017.

Global burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to dietary risks in 1990-2019.

Background: Dietary risks have raised attention worldwide during recent decades. The present burden-of-disease study aimed to evaluate the global dietary risks for non-communicable diseases (NCDs) from 1990 to 2019 and quantify their impact on mortality and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Data from the 2019 Global Burden of Disease Study on deaths and DALYs from NCDs attributable to worldwide dietary risks were obtained and underwent deep analysis by year, age, gender, location, leading risks and leading causes, and their associations were examined.

Prognostic significance of chemokines CCL11 and CCL5 modulated by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in colon cancer patients with normal body mass index.

Background: Many studies have shown an elevated level of cholesterol in colon tumors as compared to normal tissue. Obesity and high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are known risk factors for colon cancer. However, the role of LDL-C in colon cancer patients with normal body mass index (BMI) remains elusive.

The impact of a high fat diet on bones: potential mechanisms.

A high-fat diet (HFD) is defined as a diet that contains lipids that account for more than 30% of the total energy intake, and current research has documented cases with intakes as high as 45% and 60%. There is a view that patients who have a tendency to consume a HFD are more susceptible to various kinds of diseases, including osteoporosis, metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, and cancer. Thus, hypotheses have been proposed that a HFD may serve as a significant risk factor for bone loss and osteoporosis.

Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus induced by ureter obstruction due to benign prostatic hyperplasia: A case report.

Introduction: Diabetes insipidus can be a common cause of polyuria and hydronephrosis in the kidneys. However, there is few reported case of urinary obstruction induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Patient Concerns: A 60-year-old Chinese man came to our hospital with the complaints of polydipsia and polyuria for 1 month.

Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025.

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. We aim to estimate the burden of diabetes by type, year, regions, and socioeconomic status in 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years, which provide information to achieve the goal of World Health Organization Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases in 2025. Data were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

Global burden of noncommunicable diseases attributable to high fasting plasma glucose.

Background: Hyperglycemia is a major public health concern. An understanding of the latest trends of the global burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) by high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) is critical for determining research priorities and planning health policy.

Methods: This is a comparative burden-of-disease study.

Insulin autoimmune syndrome induced by exogenous insulin injection: a four-case series.

Background: Insulin autoimmune syndrome (IAS) is a rare cause of hypoglycemia and is characterized by the presence of insulin autoantibodies. Patients with IAS usually complain of hypoglycemia without any previous insulin received. Glucocorticoids and immunosuppressants are used to treat IAS.

Irisin reverses insulin resistance in C2C12 cells via the p38-MAPK-PGC-1α pathway.

Insulin resistance (IR) is a fundamental pathogenic factor shared by a myriad of metabolic disorders, including obesity and type 2 diabetes. The mechanism of IR is usually accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. Irisin has been proposed to act as a hormone in the regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolism.

Role of Bile Acids in Dysbiosis and Treatment of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major health threat around the world and is characterized by dysbiosis. Primary bile acids are synthesized in the liver and converted into secondary bile acids by gut microbiota. Recent studies support the role of bile acids in modulating dysbiosis and NAFLD, while the mechanisms are not well elucidated.

Elevated level of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species via fatty acid β-oxidation in cancer stem cells promotes cancer metastasis by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor development and progression and are involved in cancer metastasis. The role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in CSCs and cancer metastasis remains controversial. The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between ROS level of CSCs and cancer metastasis and to explore the possible underlying molecular mechanisms.

[Sitagliptin inhibits cell apoptosis and inflammation of renal tissues in diabetic nephropathy model rats].

Objective To investigate the expression of apoptosis-related factors in diabetic nephropathy model rats after the intervention of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) inhibitor sitagliptin. Methods ZDF(fa/fa) and ZDF(fa/) rats were randomly divided into diabetes mellitus group and sitagliptin treatment group, and ZDF control mice (fa/) were used as the control group. Non-fasting blood glucose levels were measured with glucose oxidase kit.

General hyperpigmentation induced by Grave's disease: A case report.

Rationale: Hyperpigmentation is a common skin disease. However, there are few reported cases of Grave's disease with diffuse hyperpigmentation. We hereby described a rare case with diffuse hyperpigmentation induced by Grave's disease.

A comprehensive look at the role of hyperlipidemia in promoting colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most malignant cancers, and it tends to migrate to the liver and has a high mortality rate. Several mechanisms behind the metastasis of CRC have been identified, including hyperlipidemia. For example, hyperlipidemia can lead to enhanced stemness and neutrophil infiltration, which increases CRC metastasis.

Carotid atherosclerosis and its relationship to coronary heart disease and stroke risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Carotid atherosclerosis (CA) and carotid plaque (CP) are highly correlated with cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine the prevalence of CA and CP and their relationship with 10-year risks of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).We studied 1584 T2DM patients aged 20 years and older.

Cholesterol Enhances Colorectal Cancer Progression via ROS Elevation and MAPK Signaling Pathway Activation.

Background/aims: Elevated serum cholesterol levels were linked to a higher risk of colorectal adenoma and colorectal cancer (CRC), while the effect of cholesterol on CRC metastasis has not been widely studied.

Methods: CRC patients were enrolled to evaluate the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and CRC metastases, and LDL receptor (LDLR) level of the CRC tissue was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The effects of LDL on cell proliferation, migration and stemness were assessed in CRC cells in vitro, and the effects of high fat diet (HFD) on tumor growth and intestinal tumorigenicity were investigated in vivo.

Negative regulation of Smad1 pathway and collagen IV expression by store-operated Ca entry in glomerular mesangial cells.

Collagen IV (Col IV) is a major component of expanded glomerular extracellular matrix in diabetic nephropathy and Smad1 is a key molecule regulating Col IV expression in mesangial cells (MCs). The present study was conducted to determine if Smad1 pathway and Col IV protein abundance were regulated by store-operated Ca entry (SOCE). In cultured human MCs, pharmacological inhibition of SOCE significantly increased the total amount of Smad1 protein.

Association of Chronic Kidney Disease with Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Risks in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: An Observational Cross-sectional Study in Hangzhou, China.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, the association between CKD and CVD risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China has not yet been well investigated. This study aimed to determine the association of CKD with the risks of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in a Chinese population with T2DM.

Lovastatin exerts protective effects on endothelial cells via upregulation of PTK2B.

Statins are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors that are used to decrease the blood levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL). In addition, they have been shown to exert pleiotropic protective effects in the absence of LDL-lowering activity. The present study investigated the effects of lovastatin on global gene expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), in order to further explore its ability to protect against oxidized (ox)-LDL-induced cytotoxicity.