Pursuing beauty: socio-cultural and labor-economic determinants of cosmetic surgery consideration among female college students in China.

Background: Cosmetic surgery has a profound impact on health and other aspects. As a means of enhancing physical attractiveness, it is increasingly being considered by female college students in China. However, current knowledge about the determinants of cosmetic surgery consideration among Chinese female college students still needs to be improved due to the lack of systematic perspectives and large-scale representative data sets.

Parent-Child Mismatch in Educational Expectations and Depressive Symptoms among Chinese Adolescents.

Background: The roles of both parents' and children's educational expectations in shaping adolescent depressive symptoms have increasingly been discussed, yet in a separate manner. To date, few studies have associated parent-child mismatch in educational expectations with depressive symptoms, and less is known about the variation in the association across gender (male vs. female), educational level (primary vs.

Research on entity relation extraction for Chinese medical text.

Currently, the primary challenges in entity relation extraction are the existence of overlapping relations and cascading errors. In addressing these issues, both CasRel and TPLinker have demonstrated their competitiveness. This study aims to explore the application of these two models in the context of entity relation extraction from Chinese medical text.

Indebtedness and mental health in China: the moderating roles of income and social support.

Objective: To explore the effect of indebtedness on mental health and the moderating effects of two types of coping resources (i.e., income and social support) in the Chinese context.

Time Spent on Private Tutoring and Sleep Patterns of Chinese Adolescents: Evidence from a National Panel Survey.

Objective: In recent decades, there has been a marked increase in private tutoring and a decline in sleep health among adolescents. This study aimed to outline the association between time spent on private tutoring and sleep patterns of Chinese adolescents.

Methods: Participants were from a nationwide two-wave panel survey.

Families, Schools, and the Longitudinal Changes in Psychological Distress among College Students during the First Year of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a National Panel Survey in China.

Background: The psychological well-being of students in higher education has become an increasingly important concern in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The majority of prior studies were cross-sectional and thereby failed to capture the individual changes in mental health over time. Moreover, few studies have explored whether and how socioeconomic and education backgrounds could be related to college students' mental health changes.

Epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity determines estrogen receptor positive breast cancer dormancy and epithelial reconversion drives recurrence.

More than 70% of human breast cancers (BCs) are estrogen receptor α-positive (ER). A clinical challenge of ER BC is that they can recur decades after initial treatments. Mechanisms governing latent disease remain elusive due to lack of adequate in vivo models.

High-Performance Electrostrictive Relaxors with Dispersive Endotaxial Nanoprecipitations.

Ultrahigh-precision manufacturing and detection have highlighted the importance of investigating electrostrictive materials with a weak stimulated extrinsic electric field and a simultaneous large hysteresis-free strain. In this study, a new type of electrostrictive relaxor ferroelectric is designed by constructing a complex inhomogeneous local structure to realize excellent electrostrictive properties. A remarkably large electrostrictive coefficient, M (8 × 10 m V ) is achieved.

High Piezoelectric Performance in Pb(NiNb)O-Pb(ScNb)O-PbTiO Ternary System Featuring Small Structural Distortion and Heterogeneous Domain Configuration.

Ternary/polynary perovskite solid solutions based on binary systems are well-known for their high piezoelectric performance. In this work, a series of Pb(NiNb)O-Pb(ScNb)O-PbTiO compositions with the particularly high piezoelectric coefficient of * > 1000 pm/V and > 700 pC/N have been developed. The optimal performance was achieved in the 0.

SMRT sequencing of the full-length transcriptome of Gekko gecko.

Tokay Gecko (Gekko gecko) is a rare and endangered medicinal animal in China. Its dry body has been used as an anti-asthmatic agent for two thousand years. To date, the genome and transcriptome of this species remain poorly understood.

Association between Subjective Body Image, Body Mass Index and Psychological Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Conflicting findings were reported about the associations between subjective body image (SBI), body mass index (BMI) and psychological symptoms in China and other countries in the world. In this study, we aim to explore the associations between SBI, BMI, and psychological symptoms based on a large-scale, national wide survey among Chinese adolescents.

Methods: The 2014-2015 China Education Panel Survey (CEPS) database, with 8134 middle school students (4137 boys and 3997 girls), was analyzed to explore the association between SBI, BMI and psychological symptoms.

Psychological Distress Among Chinese College Students During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Does Attitude Toward Online Courses Matter?

Due to the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), taking online courses has become a "new normality" for college students. This study paid particular attention to the role of college students' attitude toward online courses (ATOC) in shaping their psychological distress during the COVID-19 epidemic in China. Participants were from a national panel survey that has been administered before and during the COVID-19 epidemic.

Weight in the mind: Weight perception and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.

Background: Increasing evidence demonstrates the significant role of weight perception in shaping the mental health of adolescents. This study sought to extend previous literature by examining the associations of weight perception categories with depressive symptoms for both boys and girls in China, and further explored whether the associations varied between urban and rural areas.

Methods: Data were from a large-scale, national survey of Chinese middle school students.

Prevalence and Patterns of Extramarital Sex among Chinese Men and Women: 2000-2015.

Despite growing concern about the "sexual revolution" in China in the past decades, empirical evidence regarding the national trends in prevalence and patterns of extramarital sex (EMS) remains sparse. This study aimed to fill this gap, using data from a population-based, repeated cross-sectional survey administered at four time points during the period 2000-2015. EMS was assessed by asking whether a person in marriage had engaged in sexual activity with someone else during the relationship with his/her current partner.

Photoswitchable gRNAs for Spatiotemporally Controlled CRISPR-Cas-Based Genomic Regulation.

The recently discovered CRISPR-Cas gene editing system and its derivatives have found numerous applications in fundamental biology research and pharmaceutical sciences. The need for precise external control over the gene editing and regulatory events has driven the development of inducible CRISPR-Cas systems. While most of the light-controllable CRISPR-Cas systems are based on protein engineering, we developed an alternative synthetic approach based on modification of crRNA/tracrRNA duplex (guide RNA or gRNA) with photocaging groups, preventing the gRNA from recognizing its genome target sequence until its deprotection is induced within seconds of illumination.

Dynein-mediated microtubule translocation powering neurite outgrowth in chick and neurons requires microtubule assembly.

Previously, we have shown that bulk microtubule (MT) movement correlates with neurite elongation, and blocking either dynein activity or MT assembly inhibits both processes. However, whether the contributions of MT dynamics and dynein activity to neurite elongation are separate or interdependent is unclear. Here, we investigated the underlying mechanism by testing the roles of dynein and MT assembly in neurite elongation of and chick neurites using time-lapse imaging, fluorescent speckle microscopy, super-resolution imaging and biophysical analysis.

Geographic variation in body size and its relationship with environmental gradients in the Oriental Garden Lizard, .

Patterns of geographic variation in body size are predicted to evolve as adaptations to local environmental gradients. However, many of these clinal patterns in body size, such as Bergmann's rule, are controversial and require further investigation into ectotherms such as reptiles on a regional scale. To examine the environmental variables (temperature, precipitation, topography and primary productivity) that shaped patterns of geographic variation in body size in the reptile , we sampled 180 adult specimens (91 males and 89 females) at 40 locations across the species range in China.

[Discussion on multidisciplinary treatment mode of advanced schistosomiasis and its standardized implementation].

Advanced schistosomiasis is the most serious clinical type of schistosomiasis. Its diagnosis and treatment are related to many special departments, such as gastroenterology, general surgery, neurology, endocrinology, radiology, traditional Chinese medicine, blood purification, endoscopy, intervention, and ICU. It is necessary to apply a multidisciplinary treatment (MDT) mode.

Genetic and Epigenetic Alterations of Brassica nigra Introgression Lines from Somatic Hybridization: A Resource for Cauliflower Improvement.

Broad phenotypic variations were obtained previously in derivatives from the asymmetric somatic hybridization of cauliflower "Korso" (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, 2n = 18, CC genome) and black mustard "G1/1" (Brassica nigra, 2n = 16, BB genome). However, the mechanisms underlying these variations were unknown.

[Management strategy and technology of medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province].

The medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients established by the Chinese government is a major public facility for patients with advanced schistosomiasis. Since the medical assistance to advance schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province started ten years ago, a set of mature and operable programs with whole program management and related technologies has been developed. The author investigated the data on medical assistance to advanced schistosomiasis patients in Hunan Province during the last 10 years (from 2006 to 2015) retrospectively, and found that the program had high therapeutic effect and high satisfaction degree of both patients and the society.

The Transition to First Marriage in China, 1966-2008: An Examination of Gender Differences in Education and Status.

Using retrospective life history data from the 2008 Chinese General Social Survey (CGSS), this study examines the entrance into first marriage in China, a country that has been experiencing profound socioeconomic changes for the past several decades. We examine educational differences across rural and urban regions and across gender as determinants of marriage. Results reveal that for rural women, increasing education (especially from the least educated to middle levels of education) decreases marriage chances.

Family Background, Private Tutoring, and Children's Educational Performance in Contemporary China.

The prevalence of private tutoring is often noted in the literature on education in East Asia. Empirical evidence concerning the causes and consequences of private tutoring, however, is sparse, especially for China. In this article, we draw upon data from the 2010 China Family Panel Studies to explore whether children's tutoring experiences are influenced by family background and whether private tutoring benefits children's educational performance.

[DNA barcoding and its utility in commonly-used medicinal snakes].

Identification accuracy of traditional Chinese medicine is crucial for the traditional Chinese medicine research, production and application. DNA barcoding based on the mitochondrial gene coding for cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), are more and more used for identification of traditional Chinese medicine. Using universal barcoding primers to sequence, we discussed the feasibility of DNA barcoding method for identification commonly-used medicinal snakes (a total of 109 samples belonging to 19 species 15 genera 6 families).

Insights from ecological niche modeling on the taxonomic distinction and niche differentiation between the black-spotted and red-spotted tokay geckoes (Gekko gecko).

The black-spotted tokay and the red-spotted tokay are morphologically distinct and have largely allopatric distributions. The black-spotted tokay is characterized by a small body size and dark skin with sundry spots, while the red-spotted tokay has a relatively large body size and red spots. Based on morphological, karyotypic, genetic, and distribution differences, recent studies suggested their species status; however, their classifications remain controversial, and additional data such as ecological niches are necessary to establish firm hypotheses regarding their taxonomic status.

[DNA barcoding of COI gene in some medicinal animals of Lacertilia].

To identify some medicinal animals of Lacertilia, in total 59 individuals belonging to 12 species 7 genera 3 families, we used the universal barcoding primers to sequence these species, compared with other homologous sequences (564 bp) obtaining from the GenBank and finally constructed phylogenetic trees using Neighbor-joining, Maximum parsimony and Bayesian inference, respectively. As a result, the mean content of G + C (46.5%) was lower than that of A + T (53.