α-Hederin induces human colorectal cancer cells apoptosis through disturbing protein homeostasis.

Protein homeostasis and quality control are crucial for normal cellular activities, and a severe imbalance in protein homeostasis can lead to cell death. α-Hederin, a pentacyclic triterpenoid saponin isolated from Fructus Akebia, has a clear role in promoting colorectal cancer (CRC) cell apoptosis and has been recently used for CRC therapy. However, whether the pro-apoptotic activity of α-hederin in CRC cells involves disturbing protein homeostasis remains unknown.

Hydrolysate Modulates the Brain Neuropeptidome and Proteome in Diabetic (db/db) Mice via the Gut-Brain Axis.

hydrolysate (PMH) has been proved to have the effect of ameliorating disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism in db/db mice, but the mechanism of its hyperglycemia effect is still unclear. Bacterial communities in fecal samples from a normal control group, a diabetic control group, and a PMH-treated diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) group were analyzed by 16S gene sequencing. Nano LC-MS/MS was used to analyze mice neuropeptides and proteomes.

Single-cell transcriptomics and Mendelian randomization reveal LUCAT1's role in right-sided colorectal cancer risk.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a malignancy with high incidence and mortality rates globally, categorized into left-sided and right-sided CRC, each exhibiting significant differences in molecular characteristics, clinical manifestations, and prognosis. This study employed single-cell transcriptomic data and various bioinformatics approaches, such as two-sample Mendelian randomization, reverse Mendelian randomization, colocalization analysis, directed filtering, pseudotime analysis, and intercellular communication analysis. It analyzed cellular-level disparities between left-sided and right-sided CRC, identifying distinct subpopulations with characteristic variations.

α-Hederin induces paraptosis by targeting GPCRs to activate Ca/MAPK signaling pathway in colorectal cancer.

Background: Non-apoptotic cell death is presently emerging as a potential direction to overcome the apoptosis resistance of cancer cells. In the current study, a natural plant agent α-hederin (α-hed) induces caspase-independent paraptotic modes of cell death.

Purpose: The present study is aimed to investigate the role of α-hed induces paraptosis and the associated mechanism of it.

Arenobufagin enhances T-cell anti-tumor immunity in colorectal cancer by modulating HSP90β accessibility.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant public health issue, ranking as one of the predominant cancer types globally in terms of incidence. Intriguingly, Arenobufagin (Are), a compound extracted from toad venom, has demonstrated the potential to inhibit tumor growth effectively.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore Are's molecular targets and unravel its antitumor mechanism in CRC.

DPP2/7 is a Potential Predictor of Prognosis and Target in Immunotherapy in Colorectal Cancer: An Integrative Multi-omics Analysis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks among the leading causes of cancerrelated deaths.

Objective: This study aimed to illuminate the relationship between DPP7 (also known as DPP2) and CRC through a combination of bioinformatics and experimental methodologies.

Methods: A multi-dimensional bioinformatic analysis on DPP7 was executed, covering its expression, survival implications, clinical associations, functional roles, immune interactions, and drug sensitivities.

Sophocarpine alleviates intestinal fibrosis via inhibition of inflammation and fibroblast into myofibroblast transition by targeting the Sirt1/p65 signaling axis.

In this study, we used alkaloids from Sophora flavescens to inhibit the SASP, leading to fibroblast-into-myofibroblast transition (FMT) to maintain intestinal mucosal homeostasis in vitro and in vivo. We used western blotting (WB) and immunofluorescence staining (IF) to assess whether five kinds of alkaloids inhibit the major inflammatory pathways and chose the most effective compound (sophocarpine; SPC) to ameliorate colorectal inflammation in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC mouse model. IF, Immunohistochemistry staining (IHC), WB, disease activity index (DAI), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted to investigate the mechanism of action of this compound.

Hyperglycemia effect of Pinctada martensii hydrolysate in diabetic db/db mice.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Pinctada martensii (Dunker) and other marine shellfish flesh have been traditionally used in China as folk remedies regulate blood sugar.

Aim Of The Study: To investigate the main active constituents and the pharmacological mechanism of Pinctada martensii flesh enzymatic hydrolysate (PMH) against T2DM.

Materials And Methods: The hypoglycemic activity of enzymolysis peptides from Pinctada martensii was evaluated by using db/db mice, through the influence of glycemic index, blood lipid and key protein expression of PI3K-Akt pathway.

Overview of research progress and application of experimental models of colorectal cancer.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common malignancy in terms of global tumor incidence, and the rates of morbidity and mortality due to CRC are rising. Experimental models of CRC play a vital role in CRC research. Clinical studies aimed at investigating the evolution and mechanism underlying the formation of CRC are based on cellular and animal models with broad applications.

Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of a ratio-optimized drug pair of Aiton and Franch and study on the mechanism of anti-colorectal cancer effect of two alkaloids thereof.

The drug pair consisting of Aiton (, Kushen) and Franch. (, Huanglian), as described in Prescriptions for Universal Relief (Pujifang), is widely used to treat laxation. Matrine and berberine are the major active components of Kushen and Huanglian, respectively.

The Classical Apoptotic Adaptor FADD Regulates Glycolytic Capacity in Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

The Fas-associated death domain (FADD) has long been regarded as a crucial adaptor protein in the extrinsic apoptotic pathway. Despite the non-apoptotic function of FADD is gradually being discovered and confirmed, its corresponding physiological and pathological significance is still unclear. Based on the database of GWAS catalog and GTEx Portal, 17 SNPs associated with leukemia susceptibility were found to be linked to FADD expression.

Identification of Significant Modules and Targets of Xian-Lian-Jie-Du Decoction Based on the Analysis of Transcriptomics, Proteomics and Single-Cell Transcriptomics in Colorectal Tumor.

Purpose: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third most common tumor worldwide. Ulcerative colitis (UC) could cause chronic inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum. UC is a risk factor for a high incidence of CRC, and the incidence of UC-associated CRC (UC-CRC) is still increasing.

HIPK3 Inhibition by Exosomal hsa-miR-101-3p Is Related to Metabolic Reprogramming in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Exosomes are extracellular vesicles secreted by most cells to deliver functional cargoes to recipient cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) constitute a significant part of exosomal contents. The ease of diffusion of exosomes renders them speedy and highly efficient vehicles to deliver functional molecules.

Identification of the absorbed components and metabolites of Xiao-Ai-Jie-Du decoction and their distribution in rats using ultra high-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry.

Xiao-Ai-Jie-Du decoction (XAJDD), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, has long been used for the treatment of hepatocarcinoma, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. It is composed of six herbal medicines, including Scutellariae Barbatae Herba, Pseudostellariae Radix, Ophiopogonis Radix, Cremastrae Pseudobulbus, Curcumae Rhizoma and Akebiae Fructus. Despite the in-depth study on its pharmacological effects on cancer prevention and treatment, the comprehensive analysis of the chemical components and the absorbed bioactive constituents are not well studied.

Quantification of a cell culture contaminant using 16S rDNA.

In this study, we identified a "black dot"-like cell culture contaminant as a species belonging to the genus of Pusillimonas using 16S rDNA sequencing. Among all antibiotics tested, a combinatorial treatment of ampicillin and gentamicin both at 100 µg/mL was able to eliminate this contaminant. The contaminant was then visualized by fluorescence microscopy using propidium iodide staining and was found inside the cytosol of contaminated A549 cells.

Lentiviral delivery of a shRNA sequence analogous to miR-4319/miR-125-5p induces apoptosis in NSCLC cells by arresting G2/M phase.

In this study, we explored the therapeutic potential of microRNA (miR) analogs against non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) using lentiviral delivery of short hairpin RNA (shRNA). By using A549 as a model cell line, we used analogs and mimics of miR-4319/miR-125-5p to target the tumorigenic RAF1 gene. Lentiviral vectors carrying shRNA of a highly efficient miRNA analog of miR-4319/miR-125-5p, Analog2, were constructed to infect A549 cells.

Apoptosis and apoptotic body: disease message and therapeutic target potentials.

Apoptosis is widely known as programmed cell death eliciting no inflammatory responses. The intricacy of apoptosis has been a focus of an array of researches, accumulating a wealth of knowledge which led to not only a better understanding of the fundamental process, but also potent therapies of diseases. The classic intrinsic and extrinsic signaling pathways of apoptosis, along with regulatory factors have been well delineated.

Highly efficient siRNA transfection in macrophages using apoptotic body-mimic Ca-PS lipopolyplex.

Background: The discovery and development of RNA interference has made a tremendous contribution to the biochemical and biomedical field. However, liposomal transfection protocols to deliver siRNAs to certain types of cells, eg, immune cells, are not viable due to exceedingly low transfection efficiency. While viral delivery and electroporation are two widely adopted approaches to transfect immune cells, they are associated with certain drawbacks such as complexity of preparation, biosafety issues, and high cytotoxicity.

Correction: IR820 covalently linked with self-assembled polypeptide for photothermal therapy applications in cancer.

Correction for 'IR820 covalently linked with self-assembled polypeptide for photothermal therapy applications in cancer' by Kaizong Huang et al., Biomater. Sci.

Evaluation of mycoplasma removal reagents using qPCR-based quantification.

In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of various mycoplasma removal reagents using nuclear staining, DNA gel electrophoresis, and qPCR-based quantification. Our results showed Plasmocure and Plasmocin are two effective anti-mycoplasma reagents whose effects can be observed within a week. However, prolonged treatment with Plasmocin led to development of resistance.

IR820 covalently linked with self-assembled polypeptide for photothermal therapy applications in cancer.

Owing to the unique advantages of high specificity and minimal invasiveness, photothermal therapy (PTT) has been evidenced with great potential in cancer treatment. However, most photothermal agents present a shortage of photobleaching and nonspecific biodistribution in clinical application. In this study, we conjugated a new Indocyanine Green Dye (IR820) with self-assembled polypeptide (ELP) via chemical bonding in an aqueous environment.

Curcumol potentiates celecoxib-induced growth inhibition and apoptosis in human non-small cell lung cancer.

Combinatorial therapies that target multiple signaling pathways may provide improved therapeutic responses over monotherapies. Celecoxib and curcumol are two highly hydrophobic drugs which show bioavailability problems due to their poor aqueous solubility. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of celecoxib and curcumol alone and in combination on cell proliferation, invasion, migration, cell cycle and apoptosis induction in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells using and experiments.

Zinc Depletion by TPEN Induces Apoptosis in Human Acute Promyelocytic NB4 Cells.

Background/aims: The effects of zinc signaling on proliferation or apoptosis of leukemia cells remain elusive. In the present study, we used N, N, N', N'-tetrakis-(2-pyridylmethyl)-ethylene-diamine (TPEN), a membrane-permeable zinc chelator, to evaluate the effect of zinc depletion on survival and apoptosis of NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) cells.

Methods: The pro-apoptotic effects of TPEN on NB4 cells were examined by flow cytometry, and observed using an optical microscope.

The genes slyA, STM3120 and htrA are required for the anticancer ability of VNP20009.

VNP20009 is a very effective anti-cancer agent and can specifically target tumors and inhibit tumor growth. It was assumed that the tumor targeting ability of VNP20009 correlated to its anticancer capacity. However, our observation contradicted to this assumption.