Transethnic analysis identifies SORL1 variants and haplotypes protective against Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: The SORL1 locus exhibits protective effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD) across ancestries, yet systematic studies in diverse populations are sparse.

Methods: Logistic regression identified AD-associated SORL1 haplotypes in East Asian (N = 5249) and European (N = 8588) populations. Association analysis between SORL1 haplotypes and AD-associated traits or plasma biomarkers was conducted.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of (Cucurbitaceae).

has gradually become an economically important plant worldwide. The complete chloroplast genome of has a length of 156,744 bp, contains a large single-copy (LSC) region (86,387 bp), a small single-copy (SSC) region (18,055 bp), and two inverted repeats (IRs) with the same length of 26,151 bp. In total, 126 genes were detected, including 83 protein-encoding genes, 35 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes.

MicroRNAs: pioneering regulators in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.

This article delves into Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. It is characterized by progressive memory and cognitive impairments, severely disrupting daily life. Recent research highlights the potential involvement of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD.

Facile Preparation of High-Performance Free-Standing Micro-Supercapacitors by Optimizing Oxygen Groups on Graphene.

Free-standing micro-supercapacitor (MSC) devices without substrate or current collectors are promising for practical applications. However, it is still difficult to prepare high-performance free-standing MSC devices because of the requirement of optimized active sites, conductivity, ion diffusion, controlled patterns, moisture susceptibility, etc. Here, it is proposed that the optimization of oxygen level on graphene is promising to solve these requirements because of the balance of sp and sp hybridization.

Effects of slurry ice treatment on the physicochemical changes and proteome of large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea).

Large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) is susceptible to oxidative denaturation during storage. This work is to investigate the quality alterations by analyzing its physicochemical changes and proteomics throughout preservation under refrigeration, frozen, and slurry ice (SI) conditions. Results revealed that the freshness of large yellow croaker, as evaluated by indicators such as total volatile basic nitrogen, total viable count, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, was well maintained while stored in the SI group.

Profiles of young children's home environment and association with their development.

This study aimed to identify profiles of young children's early home environment and explore their association with development in motor, inhibitory control, language, and emotional competence skills. The sample included 2,158 children (51.4% male), 35.

Dimethyl sulfoxide, an alternative for control of Nosema ceranae infection in honey bees (Apis mellifera).

Nosema ceranae is a microsporidian parasite that threatens current apiculture. N. ceranae-infected honey bees (Apis mellifera) exhibit morbid physiological impairments and reduced honey production, malnutrition, shorter life span, and higher mortality than healthy honey bees.

Mogroside V and mogrol: unveiling the neuroprotective and metabolic regulatory roles of in Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: (Swingle) C. Jeffrey, is an edible and traditional medicine widely used in China. Mogroside V (MGV) and mogrol (MG) are its main active ingredients, which have been found to be effective in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases recently.

Structural and sensory characteristics of ultrasonic assisted wet-heating Maillard reaction products of Giant salamander protein hydrolysates.

Background: Chinese giant salamander protein hydrolysates (CGSPH) are beneficial to human health as a result of their high content of amino acids and peptides. However, the formation of bitter peptides in protein hydrolysates (PHs) would hinder their application in food industry. The ultrasound assisted wet-heating Maillard reaction (MR) is an effective way to improve the flavor of PHs.

Inhibition of JNK ameliorates rod photoreceptor degeneration in a mouse model of retinitis pigmentosa.

Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is an inherited eye disease that causes progressive vision loss. Microglial activation and inflammation play essential roles in photoreceptor degeneration in RP, although the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we examined the progressive degeneration of photoreceptors in rd1 mice, a mouse model of RP.

Antioxidant synergistic anti-inflammatory effect in the MAPK/NF-κB pathway of peptide KGEYNK (KK-6) from giant salamander (Andrias davidianus).

Background: Giant salamander protein peptide is a peptide with rich functional properties. Giant salamander protein peptide KGEYNK (KK-6) is a peptide with both antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of KK-6 are still unclear.

Whole-exome sequencing of individuals from an isolated population under extreme conditions implicates rare risk variants of schizophrenia.

Schizophrenia (SCZ), which affects approximately 1% of the world's population, is a global public health concern. It is generally considered that the interplay between genes and the environment is important in the onset and/or development of SCZ. Although several whole-exome sequencing studies have revealed rare risk variants of SCZ, no rare coding variants have been strongly replicated.

Coronin 2B deficiency induces nucleolar stress and neuronal apoptosis.

In eukaryotes, the nucleolus is the critical non-membranous organelle within nuclei that is responsible for ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription and ribosome biogenesis. The transcription of rDNA, a rate-limiting step for ribosome biogenesis, is tightly regulated to meet the demand for global protein synthesis in response to cell physiology, especially in neurons, which undergo rapid changes in morphology and protein composition during development and synaptic plasticity. However, it is unknown how the pre-initiation complex for rDNA transcription is efficiently assembled within the nucleolus in neurons.

Vancomycin trough concentration in adult patients with periprosthetic joint infection: A machine learning-based covariate model.

Aims: Although there are various model-based approaches to individualized vancomycin (VCM) administration, few have been reported for adult patients with periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). This work attempted to develop a machine learning (ML)-based model for predicting VCM trough concentration in adult PJI patients.

Methods: The dataset of 287 VCM trough concentrations from 130 adult PJI patients was split into a training set (229) and a testing set (58) at a ratio of 8:2, and an independent external 32 concentrations were collected as a validation set.

Unraveling the Prefrontal Cortex-Basolateral Amygdala Pathway's Role on Schizophrenia's Cognitive Impairments: A Multimodal Study in Patients and Mouse Models.

Background And Hypothesis: This study investigated the role of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC)-basolateral amygdala (BLA) pathway in schizophrenia (SCZ)-related cognitive impairments using various techniques.

Study Design: This study utilized clinical scales, magnetic resonance imaging, single-cell RNA sequencing, and optogenetics to investigate the mPFC-BLA pathway in SCZ patients. In the mouse model, 6-week-old methylazoxymethanol acetate-induced mice demonstrated significant cognitive deficits, which were addressed through stereotaxic injections of an adeno-associated viral vector to unveil the neural connection between the mPFC and BLA.

Identification of blood exosomal metabolomic profiling for high-altitude cerebral edema.

High-altitude cerebral edema (HACE) is a severe neurological condition that can occur at high altitudes. It is characterized by the accumulation of fluid in the brain, leading to a range of symptoms, including severe headache, confusion, loss of coordination, and even coma and death. Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication, and their contents have been found to change in various diseases.

Correlations of dynamic changes in lipid and protein of salted large yellow croaker during storage.

Protein and lipid are two major components that undergo significant changes during processing of aquatic products. This study focused on the protein oxidation, protein conformational states, lipid oxidation and lipid molecule profiling of salted large yellow croaker during storage, and their correlations were investigated. The degree of oxidation of protein and lipid was time-dependent, leading to an increase in carbonyl content and surface hydrophobicity, a decrease in sulfhydryl groups, and an increase in conjugated diene, peroxide value and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value.

Efficacy of natural products in preventing oral mucositis resulting from cancer therapies: A network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Oral mucositis significantly compromises the quality of life for patients undergoing cancer therapies. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of natural products in either preventing or alleviating oral mucositis resulting from cancer treatments.

Methods: A systematic review and network meta-analysis were conducted, sourcing data from the Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase, Airiti Library, and Wan Fang Data Knowledge Service Platform until August 2023.

Astrocyte-mediated regulation of BLA neurons alleviates risk-assessment deficits in DISC1-N mice.

Assessing and responding to threats is vital in everyday life. Unfortunately, many mental illnesses involve impaired risk assessment, affecting patients, families, and society. The brain processes behind these behaviors are not well understood.

Impact of thermal ultrasound on enzyme inactivation and flavor improvement of sea cucumber hydrolysates.

In this study, the effects of the thermal ultrasonic enzyme inactivation process on flavor enhancement in sea cucumber hydrolysates (SCHs) and its impact on the inactivation of neutral proteases (NPs) were investigated. The body wall of the sea cucumber was enzymatically hydrolyzed with NPs. On the one hand, the structure of NPs subjected to different enzyme inactivation methods was analyzed using ζ-potential, particle size, and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy.

Seasonal drought promotes citrate accumulation in citrus fruit through the CsABF3-activated CsAN1-CsPH8 pathway.

Plenty of rainfall but unevenly seasonal distribution happens regularly in southern China. Seasonal drought from summer to early autumn leads to citrus fruit acidification, but how seasonal drought regulates citrate accumulation remains unknown. Herein, we employed a set of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches to reveal that CsABF3 responds to seasonal drought stress and modulates citrate accumulation in citrus fruits by directly regulating CsAN1 and CsPH8.